风毛菊属6种植物的核型分析

采用常规压片技术对分布于横断山区菊科(Compositae)风毛菊属(Saussurea DC.)的6种植物进行染色体数目和核型分析。结果表明:尖苞雪莲（S.polycolea var.acutisquama）核型公式为:2n=2x=32=20m+12sm,属2B型;球花雪莲核（S.globosa）型公式为:2n=2x=34=16m+18sm,属2B型;重齿风毛菊(S.katochaete)核型公式为:2n=2x=32=8m+18sm+6st,属3B型;柱茎风毛菊(S.columnaris)核型公式为:2n=2x=32=24m+8sm,属2B型;禾叶风毛菊(S.graminea)核型公式为:2n=2x=28=8m+18sm+2st,属3B型;长毛风毛菊(S.hieracioides)核型公式为:2n=2x=32=12m+16sm+4st,属2B型。6个种染色体中均未发现随体。其中尖苞雪莲和柱茎风毛菊染色体为首次报道。

Karyotypes of Six Species of Genus Saussurea DC.in the Hengduan Mountains,Southwestern China

The Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of six species of Saussurea DC.in the Hengduan Mountains were analyzed with technology of the conventional squashing slides.The karyotype formulas and types were as follow:S.polycolea var.acutisquama,2n=2x=32=20m+12sm,karyotype belonged to stebbins 2B type;S.globosa,2n=2x=34=16m+18sm,karyotype belonged to stebbins 2B type;S.katochaete,2n=2x=32=8m+18sm+6st,karyotype belonged to stebbins 3B type;S.columnaris,2n=2x=32=24m+8sm,karyotype belonged to stebbins 2B type;S.graminea,2n=2x=28=8m+18sm+2st,karyotype belonged to stebbins 3B type;S.hieracioides,2n=2x=32=12m+16sm+4st,karyotype belongs to stebbins 2B type.No satellites have been found in these six species.The chromosome number of S.polycolea var.acutisquama and S.columnaris is reported for the first time.