小叶黄杨化学成分的研究

小叶黄杨氯仿组分通过硅胶柱色谱分离纯化,从中分离得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为:β-谷甾醇(β-Sitosterol,Ⅰ)、豆甾醇(Stigmasterol,Ⅱ)、胡萝卜甙(daucosterol,Ⅲ)、水杨酸(salicylis acid,Ⅳ)、香草酸(vanillicacid,Ⅴ)、5,4′-二羟基-3,3′,7-三甲氧基-黄酮(5,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′,7-trimethoxy-flavone,Ⅵ)、5,4′-二羟基-3,3′,6,7-四甲氧基-黄酮(5,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′,6,7-tetramethoxy-flavone,Ⅶ)、Cleomiscosin A(Ⅷ)、3,5-二羟基-4′,6,7-三甲氧基-黄酮-3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(3,5-dihydroxl-4′,6,7-trimethoxyl-flavone-3′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,Ⅸ),其中化合物Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ均首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

吊石苣苔中的化学成分

新鲜吊石苣苔全草用70%丙酮水溶液组织破碎提取,然后经Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40,硅胶等柱色谱技术进行分离纯化得到8个化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为5,7-二羟基-6,8,4′-三甲氧基黄酮(1),丁香酸(2),邻苯二甲酸-双-(2-乙基己基)酯(3),5,7-二羟基-6,8,4′-三甲氧基黄酮醇(4),7-羟基-6,8,4′-三甲氧基-5-O--βD-葡萄糖黄酮苷(5),7-羟基-6,8,4′-三甲氧基-5-O-[-βD-葡萄糖-(1→6)]--βD-葡萄糖黄酮苷(6),4′,5-二羟基-7-甲氧基-6-C--βD-葡萄糖黄酮苷(7)和4′,5-二羟基-6,7-二甲氧基-8-C-β-D-葡萄糖黄酮苷(8)。除7-羟基-6,8,4′-三甲氧基-5-O--βD-葡萄糖黄酮苷和7-羟基-6,8,4′-三甲氧基-5-O-[β-D-葡萄糖-(1→6)]--βD-葡萄糖黄酮苷外,其余6个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

半卧狗娃花中的黄酮类化合物

从半卧狗娃花(Heteropappus semiprost Griers)全草的乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了7个黄酮类化合物,通过波谱分析及化学方法鉴定其结构为:3′,4′,5,7-四羟基黄酮(1),3′-甲氧基槲皮素(2),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(3),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(4),异鼠李亭-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(5),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(6),异鼠李亭-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(7),其中化合物1~5为首次从本属植物中分离得到。     

霍山石斛化学成分研究

研究霍山石斛Dendrobium huoshanense Tang et Cheng茎的化学成分。应用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、MCI-gel、Rp-18结合Semi-prep HPLC技术进行分离纯化,从霍山石斛茎中分离得到29个化合物,分别鉴定为4,4′-二羟基-3,5-二甲氧基联苄(1)、batatasin Ⅲ(2)、5,4′-二羟基-3-甲氧基联苄(3)、二氢松柏醇二氢对羟基桂皮酸酯(4)、对羟基苯丙酸甲酯(5)、二氢松柏醇(6)、二氢阿魏酸(7)、松柏醛-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)、4-烯丙基-2,6-二甲氧-苯基葡萄糖苷(9)、erythrosyringoylglycerol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10)、3,4,5-trihydroxyallylbenzene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11)、(7S,8R)syringylglycerol-8-O-4′-sinapyl ether 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12)、3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯甲醛(13)、对羟基苯甲酸(14)、5-hydroxylated isobenzofuran-1(3H)-one(15)、3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基-苯甲醛(16)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醛(17)、3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(18)、天麻苷(19)、丁香脂素(20)、丁香脂素-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(21)、丁香脂素-4,4′-O-β-D-二葡萄糖苷(22)、柚皮素(23)、2,6-二甲氧基对苯醌(24)、5-羟甲基糠醛(25)、tetrahydro-5-oxo-2-furancarboxylic acid methyl ester(26)、焦谷氨酸甲酯(27)、川芎哚(28)和尿嘧啶核苷(29)。其中化合物5～19、21～29位为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物8、10、11、15、16、18、26、28为首次从石斛属中分离得到。     

艾纳香化学成分的研究

从艾纳香(Blumea balsamifera DC.)中分离得到12个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析分别鉴定为;商路素(1),花椒油素(2),2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基苯乙酮(3),5,7-二羟基色原酮(4),金丝桃苷(5),异槲皮苷(6),3′,4′,5,7-四羟基-3-甲氧基黄酮(7),槲皮素(8),槲皮素-3′-甲氧基-3-O-β-D-半乳吡喃糖苷(9),4′,5,7-三羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基黄酮(10),3,5,7-三羟基-3′,4′-二甲氧基黄酮(11),木犀草素(12).其中,化合物3-7和9- 11为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

水栀子醋酸乙酯部位化学成分研究CSCD

为探究水栀子(Gardenia jasminoides var.radicans)醋酸乙酯部位的化学成分。本研究采用硅胶、MCI gel CHP-20、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱和制备液相色谱等手段对水栀子醋酸乙酯部位的化学成分展开了系统研究,根据波谱数据结合参考文献鉴定所得化合物结构,并对部分化合物进行了体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性筛选。从水栀子醋酸乙酯部位分离得到17个化合物,分别鉴定为5,3′,5′-三羟基-6,7,4′-三甲氧基黄酮(1)、5,7,3′-三羟基-6,4′,5′-三甲氧基黄酮(2)、5,7,4′-三羟基-6,3′,5′-三甲氧基黄酮(3)、黄芪苷(4)、山奈酚-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、山奈酚-3-O-洋槐糖苷(6)、表丁香树脂酚(7)、medioresinol(8)、浙贝素(9)、salicifoliol(10)、芥子酸甲酯(11)、methyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzenepropanoate(12)、4-羟基-3-甲氧基桂皮酰基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(13)、1-芥子酰基-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(14)、2,2′-oxybis(1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene)(15)、对羟基苯乙酸(16)和1-O-香草酰基-β-D-葡萄糖(17)。化合物1、3、7、9~15和17为首次从栀子属中分离得到,其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性测试结果显示,当浓度为100μM时,有9个化合物对该酶表现出微弱的抑制作用。     

藏药翁布的黄酮类化学成分研究

从藏药翁布(Myricaria germanica)的60%丙酮提取物中分离得到了11个黄酮类化合物,利用光谱、波谱分析法鉴定其结构分别为:35,,4’-三羟基-73,’-二甲氧基黄酮(1),3,5,4’-三羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(2),3,5,3’,4’-四羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(3),35,7,-三羟基-4’-甲氧基黄酮(4),柽柳素(5),山柰酚(6),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)5,,7,4’-三羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸(8),5,7,3’4,’-四羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸(9),槲皮苷(10)和阿福豆苷(11)。上述化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中化合物4、5、7～11为首次从水柏枝属植物中分离得到。     

香薷中的化学成分

从香[Eltholtzia ciliata(Thund.)Hyland]中分出14个化合物,用波谱和化学等方法确定为6-甲基三十三烷(Ⅰ),13-环己基二十六烷(Ⅱ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅲ),棕榈酸(Ⅳ_a),亚油酸(Ⅳ_b),亚麻酸(Ⅳ_c),熊果酸(Ⅴ),5-羟基-6、7-二甲氧基黄酮(Ⅵ),5-羟基-7、8-二甲氧基黄酮(Ⅶ),5、7-二羟基-4′-甲氧基黄酮(Ⅷ),5-羟基-7、4′-二甲氧基双氢黄酮醇(Ⅸ),β-谷甾醇-3-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅹ),5-羟基-6-甲基-7-O-α-D-半乳吡喃糖双氢黄酮甙(Ⅺ),刺槐素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅻ)。其中化合物Ⅺ为新化合物,除(Ⅳ_b)和(Ⅳ_c)外,其余为首次从该属植物中得到。     

黄芫花有效成分的研究

从黄芫花叶中所含黄酮类化合物中分离得5、7-二羟基,3'-甲氧基黄酮,4'-O-D 葡萄糖甙、5、7、4'-三羟基黄酮,3'-O-β-D 葡萄糖甙、5,7、3'、4'-四羟基黄酮,3-O-β-D 葡萄糖甙、5、7、3'、4'-四羟基黄酮-8-C-β-D 葡萄糖甙等四种黄酮甙;在醚溶性成分中分离得正三十一烷、三十烷醇、二十八烷醇及29-羟基二十九烷酮-3等四种成分。     

秃叶黄皮树叶子的化学成分研究(英文)

从秃叶黄皮树叶子(Phellodendron chinensevar.glabriusculumSchneid)分离到7个化合物,经波谱解析鉴定为6-O-乙酰基黄柏苷(1),6-O-乙酰基二氢黄柏苷(2),(2R)-4′,5-二羟基-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-8-异戊烯基-二氢黄酮(3),黄柏苷(4),2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-6-羟基-苯甲酸苄酯(5),柑橘素C(6),3-羰基齐墩果烷(7),其中化合物1～3,5～7为首次从秃叶黄皮树叶子中分离得到。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various