口腔正畸MIA技术对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者对龈沟液MMP-2表达水平的影响

目的:探讨口腔正畸微螺钉种植体支抗(Microscrew implant anchor,MIA)技术对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者对龈沟液基质金属蛋白酶(Matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)-2表达水平的影响。方法:2016年1月1日至2019年12月31日选择在本院诊治的青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者86例,根据治疗方法把患者分为MIA组与对照组,各43例,对照组给予头帽口外弓支抗技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,MIA组给予MIA技术结合直丝弓矫治器治疗,检测龈沟液MMP-2表达水平变化情况。结果:MIA组正畸后6个月的总有效率为97.7%,显著高于对照组的81.4%(P<0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的SNA角、OB与OJ值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05),两组正畸前后SNB角在组内与组间对比差异都无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组正畸后6个月的龈沟液MMP-2值低于正畸前,MIA组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:口腔正畸MIA技术在青少年安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形患者的应用能抑制龈沟液MMP-2的表达,有利于改善患者的头颅与牙齿的X线指标,从而促进提高治疗效果。     

Activator功能矫治器的临床应用

<正>功能矫治器大概可分为四大类[1],Activator是其中之一。Activator也称肌激动器,是由瑞典人Andresen在1908年发明的[2]。Activator功能矫治器主要针对生长发育期的儿童,对矫治AngleⅡ类1分类效果明显,通过建立新的"功能型"即安氏Ⅰ型,磨牙至中性咬合,使颌骨的矢状关系及垂直关系得到改善。Activator还可用于AngleⅡ类2分类、AngleⅢ类以及开牙合畸形,但不适于AngleⅠ类牙列拥挤及上     

安氏Ⅱ类2分类错颌治疗后牙及齿槽位置的变化

安氏Ⅱ类2分类错颌是以磨牙远中关系、前牙深覆颌、闭锁颌为特征的一类错颌畸形。安氏Ⅱ类2分类对颞下颌关节功能、牙周组织健康的影响,以及其临床治疗的独特点,对其进行研究具有重要的临床意义。     

安氏Ⅱ类2分类错颌治疗后牙及齿槽位置的变化

安氏Ⅱ类2分类错颌是以磨牙远中关系、前牙深覆颌、闭锁颌为特征的一类错颌畸形.安氏Ⅱ类2分类对颞下颌关节功能、牙周组织健康的影响,以及其临床治疗的独特点,对其进行研究具有重要的临床意义[1].     

GMD 应用于安氏II 类错牙合非拔牙矫治的临床分析

目的:探讨安氏Ⅱ类错非拔牙矫治中GMD矫治器的疗效和适应症。方法:选择36例恒牙早期安氏Ⅱ类病例,主要表现为以乳磨牙早失形成的磨牙近移或上牙列轻中度拥挤的的非拔牙患者为研究对象,通过运用GMD推磨牙装置远移磨牙开辟后牙间隙。结果:36例患者中除1例因上切牙唇倾致患者对面形不满意而改行拔牙矫治外其余患者均取得了较好的疗效。第一磨牙平均远移5.6mm,远移到位平均4-5个月。磨牙建立中性关系。结论:GMD装置是一种快速有效的推磨牙向后的矫治器,但要掌握好适应症才能取得成功。     

Twin-block矫治器治疗下颌后缩患者牙颌面硬组织及颞下颌关节变化的临床研究

目的:研究Twin-block矫治器对青少年安氏Ⅱ类错牙合下颌后缩患者牙合面及颞下颌关节的改建能力,从而评估该矫治器的矫治效果。方法:选取20例替牙期及恒牙列早期安氏II类错牙合下颌后缩患者,采用Twin-block矫治器进行治疗,治疗前后均拍摄X线头颅侧位定位片及颞下颌关节核磁共振片,进行牙合面硬组织及髁状突的测量,包括下颌骨长(Co-Gn)、下颌升支长(Co-Go)、下颌体长(Go-Gn)、髁状突宽度、髁状突高度以及关节间隙的测量。结果:与治疗前相比,下颌骨长(Co-Gn)、下颌升支长(Co-Go)、下颌体长(Go-Gn)均显著增加(P0.05),差异均有统计学意义;髁状突高度显著增加(P0.05),髁状突宽度及关节前、上、后间隙无明显变化(P0.05)。结论:Twin-block矫治器对生长发育高峰期患者具有明显的骨矫形作用,髁状突的适应性改建是其主要机制。     

主副弓丝配合矫治唇向低位上颌尖牙的临床应用（附38例病历报告）

唇向低位的上颌尖牙是常见的错(牙合)畸形。在Begg细丝弓娇治技术中,使用开张垂直曲唇弓推过低位的尖牙向远中有一定的局限性。使用钛镍丝唇弓加弹力牵引不可避免地使支抗磨牙前移。本文应用主弓丝配合钛镍丝副弓辅以弹力牵引,矫治唇向过低位上颌尖、牙取得了良好的临床效果。 临床资料 1、性别与年龄:本文报导38例,男性10例,女性28例。年令在11—17岁之间。     

上颌固定矫治器联合下颌垫及颏兜矫治恒前牙反

目的:探讨矫治恒前牙反(牙合)的方法。方法:将50例恒前牙反(牙合)患者分为两组,用固定矫治器和活动矫治器矫治,观察解除反(牙合)所需的时间。结果:结果显示固定矫治组疗程明显短于活动矫治组。结论:对于恒前牙反(牙合)患者,可以用固定矫治器联合下颌(牙合)垫、颏兜矫治,缩短疗程,达到理想治疗效果。     

钕铁硼永磁体与双阻板矫治器矫治Angle Ⅲ类错(牙合)

目的:观察双阻板矫治器基础上使用钕铁硼永磁体矫治AngleⅢ类错牙合的效果.方法:15例替牙及恒牙早期AngleⅢ类错牙合畸形患者,男6例,女9例.年龄9-13岁,平均11-25岁.在双阻板矫治器的上下阻板安放第三代高磁能积稀土永磁体钕铁硼,矫治过程中磁块间距的增加说明疗效,间距加1mm以上考虑加力.治疗前后头颅侧位片及常规头影方法进行分析.结果:与矫治前相比,矫治后ANB角,Ao-Bo距,NA-PA角均增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).SNB角减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:磁力双阻板矫治器克服了传统矫形装置的缺点,从而能获得持续的矫形力,磁力调整易于控制,便于临床开展.     

固定矫治器对牙周指数及龈下菌群影响的实验研究

选择15例口腔卫生良好、牙周组织健康的正畸患者的90个牙位点,在黏接固定矫治器附件前进行菌斑指数、牙龈指数和探诊深度等临床牙周指数及龈下细菌的检测;根据患者上下颌牙齿错位畸形严重程度进行单颌牙齿黏接固定矫治器附件作为实验组,以暂不黏接固定矫治器附件的对颌牙齿作为对照组,在患者4周、8周复诊时进行重复检测。结果显示,戴用固定矫治器后牙齿的临床牙周指数与对照组及戴用矫治器前相比较,没有显著性差异(p>0.05);龈下细菌构成及比例亦未发生明显变化(p>0.05)。研究表明,戴用固定矫治器的患者如能认真保持口腔卫生,对牙周组织健康不会产生显著不良影响。     

GMD应用于安氏II类错[牙合]非拔牙矫治的临床分析

目的：探讨安氏11类错[牙合]非拔牙矫治中GMD矫治器的疗效和适应症。方法：选择36例恒牙早期安氏Ⅱ类病例,主要表现为以乳磨牙早失形成的磨牙近移或上牙列轻中度拥挤的的非拔牙患者为研究对象,通过运用GMD推磨牙装置远移磨牙开辟后牙间隙。结果：36倒患者中除1例因上切牙唇倾致患者对面形不满意而改行拔牙矫治外其余患者均取得了较好的疗效。第一磨牙平均远移5．6mm,远移到位平均4—5个月。磨牙建立中性关系。结论：GMD装置是一种快速有效的推磨牙向后的矫治器,但要掌握好适应症才能取得成功。     

钕铁硼永磁体与双阻板矫治器矫治AngleⅢ类错[牙合]

目的：观察双阻板矫治器基础上使用钕铁硼永磁体矫治AngleⅢ类错[牙合]的效果。方法：15例替牙及恒牙早期AngleⅢ类错[牙合]畸形患者,男6例,女9例。年龄9-13岁,平均11.25岁。在双阻板矫治器的上下阻板安放第三代高磁能积稀土永磁体钕铁硼,矫治过程中磁块间距的增加说明疗效,间距加1mm以上考虑加力。治疗前后头颅侧位片及常规头影方法进行分析。结果：与矫治前相比,矫治后ANB角,Ao—Bo距,NA—PA角均增大,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。SNB角减小,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：磁力双阻板矫治器克服了传统矫形装置的缺点,从而能获得持续的矫形力,磁力调整易于控制,便于临床开展。     

Time-Dependent Effects of a Functional'-Type Orthopedic Appliance on the Rat Mandible Growth

The modus operandi and the time-dependent variations in the effects of the LSU-activator, an orthopedic appliance currently used in human orthodontic therapy, was experimentally analyzed in growing rats. This appliance causes a forward positioning of the lower jaw and a restriction of mandibular motility. After a 4-week treatment, the following changes were observed:

(i) the growth rate of the condylar cartilage was accelerated, this growth-promoting effect being more pronounced when the LSU-activator was worn during the animal's rest span.

(ii) the direction of condylar growth became more backward-oriented; no significant difference between day and night treatment, i.e. during the rest and activity spans could be detected;

(iii) the supplementary lengthening of the mandible was greater in rats treated during rest than in rats treated during waking and

(iv) the number of serial sarcomeres in the lateral pterygoid muscle was smaller. This growth retardation of the muscle was greater in rest-time than in waking-time treated individuals.

The LSU-type activator's action implies a two-step effect: during the time of wearing the appliance, the more forward positioning of the mandible causes a reduced growth of the lateral pterygoid muscle; during the time the LSU-type activator is not worn, the mandible is functioning in a more forward position in such a way that it stimulates the growth rate of the condylar cartilage and the subperiosteal ossification of the posterior border of the ramus. It is therefore essential, for a few hours every day, that the mandible be allowed to move freely from the appliance in a more forward position.     

成年人个别牙早失伴错(牙合)畸形修复前正畸治疗的临床观察

目的:探讨成年人个别牙缺失伴错牙合患者,通过正畸治疗校正错牙合后,修复治疗的疗效情况。方法:对16例成年人个别牙缺失致前牙散在间隙或伴有反牙合患者,采用直丝弓矫治技术进行修复前正畸治疗。结果:16例成年人个别牙缺失伴错牙合畸形的患者经过修复前正畸治疗后,再进行牙列缺损修复治疗,获得了令患者较为满意的疗效,外貌也得到了改善。结论:通过正畸、修复相结合的口腔综合治疗,可以有效地使便利体获得更加完善的口腔功能及美观效果。     

微型种植体支抗在口腔正畸治疗中的临床研究

目的:探讨微型种植体支抗在口腔正畸治疗中的效果。方法:将80例需口腔正畸治疗的患者随机分为两组,对照组给予传统正畸治疗,观察组给予微型种植体支抗治疗,观察和比较两组的手术成功率、治疗结果及随访2周期间不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组手术成功率(92.5%)显著高于对照组(70.0%,P0.05)。治疗后,观察组上中切牙凸距差为(4.54±1.21)mm(增加80.9%)、上中切牙倾角为(27.27±4.45)mm(增加132.3%)、下齿槽座角为(1.49±0.53)mm(增加81.7%)、尖牙间宽度为(1.73±0.69)mm(增加143.7%)、磨牙移位为(3.25±0.73)mm(降低37.1%)、上齿槽座角为(-1.81±0.46)mm(降低147.9%),与对照组相比,均有显著性差异(P0.05)。随访2周内,与对照组相比,观察组口腔炎症、口腔感染、不适感降低以及软组织轻度浮肿等不良反应的发生率(10%)显著低于对照组(30%,P0.05)。结论:微型种植体支抗在口腔正畸治疗中能发挥理想的矫治效果,稳定性好,手术成功率和安全性均较高。     

Mandibular repositioning modulates IGFBP-3, -4, -5 and -6 expression in the mandibular condylar cartilage of young rats

Functional orthopedic appliances correct dental malocclusion partially by exerting indirect mechanical stimulus on the condylar cartilage, modulating growth and the adaptation of orofacial structures. However, the exact nature of the biological responses to this therapy is not well understood. Insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and II) are important local factors during growth and differentiation in the condylar cartilage [D. Hajjar, M.F. Santos and E.T. Kimura, Propulsive appliance stimulates the synthesis of insulin-like growth factors I and II in the mandibular condylar cartilage of young rats, Arch. Oral Biol. 48 (2003), 635-642]. The bioefficacy of IGFs at the cellular level is modulated by IGF binding proteins (IGFBP). The aim of this study was to verify the mRNA and protein expression of IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5 and IGFBP-6 in the condylar cartilage of young male Wistar rats that used a mandibular propulsive appliance for 3, 9, 15, 20, 30 or 35 days. For this purpose, sagittal sections of decalcified and paraffin-embedded condyles were submitted to immunohistochemistry and the condylar cartilage to RT-PCR. The control group showed a gradual increase in the protein expression of all IGFBPs, except IGFBP-4. Following use of the appliance, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-6 expression decreased in the early stage of the treatment. At 20 days of treatment there was a decline in the IGFs and IGFBP-3, IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5 expression and at 30 days there was a peak in the IGFs and all IGFBPs expression except for IGFBP-3 where the peak was observed in the control animals. The expression patterns of all IGFBPs in the condylar cartilage were similar. The modulation of IGFBP-3, -4, -5 and -6 expression in the condylar cartilage in response to the propulsive appliance suggests that those peptides are involved in the mandibular adaptation during this therapy.