肺脏超声对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的诊断价值及肺超声评分的评估价值分析

目的:探讨肺脏超声对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)的诊断价值,并分析肺超声评分的临床应用价值。方法:本研究选择2017年5月至2018年5月于我院确诊的NRDS患儿45例作为观察组,选择同期于我院就诊的非肺病患儿45例作为对照组,所有患儿均行肺脏超声检查。分析NRDS患儿肺脏超声特征性征象,比较肺脏超声对两组患儿各种征象的检出率,分析肺脏超声对NRDS的诊断价值,比较两组肺超声评分。结果:NRDS患儿全部存在肺实质征象,超声下肺组织回声呈肝样伴支气管充气征,轻度的NRDS患儿于肺脏超声下表现为局灶性的肺实质,且支气管充气征不明显;重度的NRDS患儿于肺脏超声下表现为肺实质范围的进一步扩大,且支气管充气征随病情的加重而愈发明显。观察组肺实质、胸膜线异常、A线消失、弥漫性肺水肿、支气管充气征等征象的检出率显著高于对照组(P0.05),两组B线存在征象的检出率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。肺实质、胸膜线异常和A线消失三种特征征象同时存在时对NRDS诊断的灵敏度和特异性均为100.00%,肺实质、胸膜线异常和支气管充气征三种特征征象同时存在时对NRDS诊断的灵敏度为80.00%,特异性为100.00%。观察组双肺、左肺、右肺、双侧肺、双肺底肺超声评分均高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:肺脏超声对NRDS的诊断价值较高,且肺超声评分可以评估NRDS患儿的病情严重程度,有助于指导患儿的治疗。     

支原体肺炎合并胸腔积液、肺不张27 例临床分析

目的:探讨肺炎支原体肺炎合并胸腔积液、肺不张的诊断和治疗问题。方法:回顾性分析27例MPP合并胸腔积液、肺不张患儿的临床特征、诊治过程的临床资料,并结合文献进行讨论。结果:在27例MPP患儿中,肺CT表现为胸腔积液17例,肺不张10例;24例治愈,1例胸膜肥厚粘连,2例遗留闭塞性细支气管炎。结论:对MPP合并胸腔积液、肺不张患儿应早诊断,早治疗,除应用大环内酯类药物外,应联合应用头孢菌素,激素及丙种球蛋白,疗效肯定。     

支原体肺炎合并胸腔积液、肺不张27例临床分析

目的：探讨肺炎支原体肺炎合并胸腔积液、肺不张的诊断和治疗问题。方法：回顾性分析27例MPP合并胸腔积液、肺不张患儿的临床特征、诊治过程的临床资料,并结合文献进行讨论。结果i在27例MPP患儿中,肺CT表现为胸腔积液17例,肺不张10例;24例治愈,1例胸膜肥厚粘连,2例遗留闭塞性细支气管炎。结论：对MPP合并胸腔积液、肺不张患儿应早诊断,早治疗,除应用大环内酯类药物外,应联合应用头孢菌素,激素及丙种球蛋白,疗效肯定。     

肾综合征出血热胸部并发症的CT 表现

目的:总结肾综合征出血热(EHF)胸部并发症的CT表现和探讨胸部CT表现对肾综合征出血热的诊断价值。方法:分析60例经HFRS-IgM阳性确诊的HFRS的胸部螺旋CT表现,其中轻型5例、中型20例、重型28例、危重型7例。结果:肺部感染22例,肺水肿12例,胸腔积液41例,心包积液17例,其中,心包积液合并肺水肿者4例,肺部感染并胸腔积液者4例,胸腔积液合并下肺局部膨胀不全18例,胸部CT检查正常8例。结论:肾综合征出血热,胸部并发症发生几率较高,以胸腔积液及胸腔积液并下肺膨胀不全发生几率最高,HFRS的胸部CT表现对于临床有很好的治疗意义,早期CT检查可准确显示肾综合征出血热病人胸部改变的特征。     

应用电视胸腔镜诊治病因不明胸腔积液的疗效观察

目的:探讨电视胸腔镜(video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery VATS)在诊治病因不明胸腔积液中的应用价值.方法:回顾分析2005年4月～2011年4月196例病因不明胸腔积液经电视胸腔镜手术的临床资料.均应用电视胸腔镜进行探查,根据病变情况选择切口部位.排净胸腔积液后,分离粘连,进行胸膜活检后恶性患者行胸膜固定术.结果:196例均明确诊断:140例恶性胸腔积液,36例结核胸腔积液,20例炎性胸腔积液.胸腔镜手术178例,胸腔镜辅助胸壁小切口手术18例.手术时间30～75min,平均54 min.出血量10～120mL,平均53 mL.10例出现术后肺漏气,胸腔引流量＜50 mL/24h拔除胸腔引流管,胸管留置时间4～19天,平均9.4天.191例成功控制胸腔积液,全组无院内死亡.22例接受化疗的恶性胸腔积液患者,随访14～34个月,平均23个月,复查胸片显示无胸腔积液、积气.结论:电视胸腔镜安全、有效、微创,便于操作,可作为诊治病因不明胸腔积液的主要方法.     

X线片和多层螺旋CT诊断及鉴别周围型肺癌的对比研究

目的:对比X线平片和多层螺旋CT诊断及鉴别周围型肺癌的效果。方法:选取了100例周围型肺癌患者,所有患者入院后先行X线片检查,后进行多层螺旋CT检查。通过观察并记录X线片与多层螺旋CT对周围型肺癌的影像学特征、临床TNM分期的诊断效果,评价X线平片和多层螺旋CT对周围型肺癌的诊断效果。结果:多层螺旋CT对周围型肺癌的肿块、分叶征、支气管气象征、空洞、胸膜凹陷、血管集束征,胸腔积液的检出率均高于X线片(P0.05)。根据外科病理TNM分期结果,多层螺旋CT对周围型肺癌的临床TNM分期诊断符合率为92.0%,X线对周围型肺癌的临床TNM分期诊断符合率为61.0%,多层螺旋CT对周围型肺癌的临床TNM分期诊断符合率明显高于X线(P0.05)。结论:多层螺旋CT对于周围型肺癌各类型影像学征象具有较好的检出率,对周围型肺癌临床TNM分期诊断准确性接近病理诊断结果。     

恶性胸腔积液与结核性胸腔积液的诊断进展

胸腔积液分为渗出液和漏出液,而渗出性胸腔积液以结核性胸腔积液和恶性胸腔积液较为常见,这两种积液的治疗和预后差异很大。因此,及时而准确地找到胸腔积液的成因,才能使患者得到早期诊断和治疗,改善患者的预后。但目前,临床工作中两者的鉴别仍较为困难,因此需要从多方面入手。系统的询问病史、体格检查是判断患者是否存在胸腔积液的第一步,然后行X线、B超、CT检查判断积液的位置及积液量,后行胸腔穿刺检查明确积液的性质是渗出液或漏出液,结合肿瘤标志物、细胞因子检查进一步判断积液病因,最后通过胸腔穿刺胸膜活检、胸腔镜检查明确病理诊断而获得确诊,对于疑难性胸腔积液,PET/CT检查也具备较好的优势。本文就近年来恶性胸腔积液与结核性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断技术和方法进展作简要综述。     

三种检测方法对结核、恶性胸腔积液的鉴别价值

为了研究内科胸腔镜术、外周血及胸腔积液T-SPOT.TB、血清和胸腔积液IL-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)水平检测对于鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液的价值。我们纳入经内科胸腔镜确诊的结核性胸腔积液(tuberculous pleural effusion,TPE)患者49例、恶性胸腔积液(malignant pleural effusion,MPE)患者37例,入选患者均完善外周血及胸腔积液T-SPOT.TB和IL-6水平检测,对检测结果进行统计分析。(1)内科胸腔镜镜下显示:TPE患者主要表现为大小不等的粟粒样结节,常伴胸膜粘连、充血、水肿;MPE患者主要表现为大小不等的结节样改变,常伴胸膜凹凸不平、触之易出血。(2)胸腔积液T-SPOT.TB与IL-6水平检测的诊断效能高于外周血T-SPOT.TB和血清IL-6检测。其曲线下面积分别为0.910、0.875,胸腔积液T-SPOT的SFC数的最佳临界值为217/2.5×105/L,胸腔积液IL-6检测的最佳临界值为226 pg/m L。(3)胸腔积液T-SPOT.TB和IL-6检测的灵敏度、特异度、准确率分别为0.857、0.811、0.837,0.857、0.784、0.826,高于外周血T-SPOT.TB和血清IL-6检测。由结果可知,(1)内科胸腔镜具有直观、切口小、并发症少等优点,应用价值高。(2)胸腔积液T-SPOT.TB和IL-6水平测定可以用于辅助鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液,外周血T-SPOT.TB和IL-6水平对鉴别结核性、恶性胸腔积液的意义相对较小。     

肾综合征出血热胸部并发症的CT表现

目的：总结肾综合征出血热（EHF）胸部并发症的CT表现和探讨胸部CT表现对肾综合征出血热的诊断价值。方法：分析60例经HFRS-IgM阳性确诊的HFRS的胸部螺旋cT表现,其中轻型5例、中型20例、重型28例、危重型7例。结果：肺部感染22例,肺水肿12例,胸腔积液4l例,心包积液17例,其中,心包积液合并肺水肿者4例,肺部感染并胸腔积液者4例,胸腔积液合并下肺局部膨胀不全18例,胸部CT检查正常8例。结论：肾综舍征出血热,胸部并发症发生几率较高,以胸腔积液及胸腔积液并下肺膨胀不全发生几率最高,HFRS的胸部CT表现对于临床有很好的治疗意义,早期CT检查可准确显示肾综合征出血热病人胸部改变的特征。     

婴幼儿先天性心脏病术后床边胸片的临床应用评价

评价床边胸片在婴幼儿先天性心脏病术后的临床应用价值,总结其常见并发症以提高阅片正确率。方法:55例先天性心脏病术后婴幼儿患者,男34例,女24例,年龄1月至36月(平均12．8月),其术后均使用移动X线机摄取床边胸片,总结分析术后胸片新出现的异常表现。结果:55例先天性心脏病惠儿术后床边胸片中,发现31例新出现异常X线表现,发生率为56．4%。其中胸腔积液12例;气胸9例,其中4例合并皮下气肿;肺不张5例;左下肺炎3例;肺水肿1例;膈肌抬高1例。婴幼儿先天性心脏病术后最常见的并发症中前三位的依次为:胸腔积液、气胸和肺不张,分别占38．7%、29．0%、16．1%。结论:床边胸片是及时全面了解先天性心脏病患儿术后胸部出现新异常的重要和有效的检查手段,且简便易行,能将婴幼儿不能主诉的影响减至最低,从而为临床提供及时的诊疗依据。     

Lung ultrasonography to diagnose community-acquired pneumonia in children

Background

Early diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is essential to reduce the total burden of this disease. Traditionally, chest radiography (CR) is used to identify true CAP. However, CR is not a perfect diagnostic test for CAP. The use of lung ultrasonography (LUS) has been suggested as an alternative to overcome the problems associated with CR and increase the feasibility and accuracy of CAP diagnosis. LUS has largely been used for the diagnosis of several lung problems, including CAP, in adult patients with satisfactory results. Experience with LUS in children has grown over recent years. The main aim of this paper is to discuss the advantages and limits of LUS in the diagnosis of paediatric CAP.

Discussion

The presence of a consolidation pattern during LUS may represent pneumonia or atelectasis, although this conclusion is operator dependent. An overall agreement between LUS and CR was observed in most of the studies that were examined. In most reports where a disagreement between the two methods was found, CR was not able to identify the cases that were correctly diagnosed by LUS, particularly when CR was performed only with postero-anterior/antero-posterior projection and consolidation was observed in lung areas that are poorly visualized by CR. However, the lack of standardized LUS methods is problematic. Finally, the real advantage of LUS for the diagnosis of CAP in children remains unclear.

Summary

LUS is an interesting diagnostic modality that appears a useful first imaging test in children with suspected CAP. However, the methods used to perform LUS in children are not precisely standardized, and the diagnosis of interstitial CAP is inaccurate. Further studies are needed before LUS can be routinely used in everyday paediatric practice.

     

Automatic deep learning-based pleural effusion classification in lung ultrasound images for respiratory pathology diagnosis

Lung ultrasound (LUS) imaging as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for lung pathologies has been proven superior to X-ray and comparable to CT, enabling earlier and more accurate diagnosis in real-time at the patient’s bedside. The main limitation to widespread use is its dependence on the operator training and experience. COVID-19 lung ultrasound findings predominantly reflect a pneumonitis pattern, with pleural effusion being infrequent. However, pleural effusion is easy to detect and to quantify, therefore it was selected as the subject of this study, which aims to develop an automated system for the interpretation of LUS of pleural effusion. A LUS dataset was collected at the Royal Melbourne Hospital which consisted of 623 videos containing 99,209 2D ultrasound images of 70 patients using a phased array transducer. A standardized protocol was followed that involved scanning six anatomical regions providing complete coverage of the lungs for diagnosis of respiratory pathology. This protocol combined with a deep learning algorithm using a Spatial Transformer Network provides a basis for automatic pathology classification on an image-based level. In this work, the deep learning model was trained using supervised and weakly supervised approaches which used frame- and video-based ground truth labels respectively. The reference was expert clinician image interpretation. Both approaches show comparable accuracy scores on the test set of 92.4% and 91.1%, respectively, not statistically significantly different. However, the video-based labelling approach requires significantly less effort from clinical experts for ground truth labelling.     

血清和胸水中CA125在结核性和癌性胸水中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨血清和胸水中CA125在结核性和癌性胸水中的表达及鉴别诊断意义。方法:抽选我院确诊的结核性胸水病人85例(结核组)和癌性胸水病人71例(癌症组),检测两组患者血清和胸水中CA125表达,并以胸水/血清中CA125比值10(p-CA125/s-CA12510)为临界值,观察其对癌性胸水的鉴别特异度、灵敏度及准确性。结果:癌症组胸水中CA125表达及p-CA125/s-CA125比值均显著高于结核组(P0.05);但血清中两组CA125表达比较差异无显著性(P0.05);两组胸水中,以35U/ml为临界值,两组患者阳性率92.9%(79/85)、100%(71/71)比较差异无显著性(X2=7.0718,P=0.0078)。癌症组中p-CA125/sCA125比值10的比率(84.5%VS 17.6%)明显高于结核组(X2=66.6244,P=0.0000);并以其为诊断癌性胸水的临界值,鉴别诊断特异度、灵敏度及准确性分别为82.3%、84.5%、83.3%。结论:血清和胸水中CA125表达对于鉴别结核性或者是癌性胸水的临床意义不大,但是p-CA125/s-CA125比值对于鉴别结核性和癌性胸水具有一定临床价值。     

Accuracy of Lung Ultrasonography versus Chest Radiography for the Diagnosis of Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis

Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is being increasingly utilized in emergency and critical settings. We performed a systematic review of the current literature to compare the accuracy of LUS and chest radiography (CR) for the diagnosis of adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We searched in Pub Med, EMBASE dealing with both LUS and CR for diagnosis of adult CAP, and conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of LUS in comparison with CR. The diagnostic standard that the index test compared was the hospital discharge diagnosis or the result of chest computed tomography scan as a “gold standard”. We calculated pooled sensitivity and specificity using the Mantel-Haenszel method and pooled diagnostic odds ratio using the DerSimonian-Laird method. Five articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. Using hospital discharge diagnosis as reference, LUS had a pooled sensitivity of 0.95 (0.93-0.97) and a specificity of 0.90 (0.86 to 0.94), CR had a pooled sensitivity of 0.77 (0.73 to 0.80) and a specificity of 0.91 (0.87 to 0.94). LUS and CR compared with computed tomography scan in 138 patients in total, the Z statistic of the two summary receiver operating characteristic was 3.093 (P = 0.002), the areas under the curve for LUS and CR were 0.901 and 0.590, respectively. Our study indicates that LUS can help to diagnosis adult CAP by clinicians and the accuracy was better compared with CR using chest computed tomography scan as the gold standard.     

肺癌性胸腔积液中生存素基因检测的诊断意义探讨

目的：生存素基因（survivin）是一种新近发现的抗凋亡基因,在肿瘤组织中呈现表达。本文旨在探讨和比较肺癌性胸腔积液和结核性胸腔积液中生存素基因的表达情况,以及其联合细胞学检查对判断肺癌性胸腔积液的敏感度。方法：应用逆转录酶-聚合酶链反应法（RT-PCR）检测2007年06月～2008年03月42例肺癌患者癌性胸腔积液标本,及同时期28例结核性胸腔积液标本的生存素mRNA表达情况,并联合细胞学检查结果进行对比分析。结果：42例肺癌患者胸腔积液标本中生存素mRNA的阳性率为52138％（22／42）;癌细胞的检出率为30．95％（13／42）;生存素mRNA检测联合细胞学检查诊断肺癌的敏感性为61．90％（26／42）,显著高于单独胸腔积液细胞学检测的敏感性（P〈0．001）。28例结核性胸腔积液标本的生存素mRNA阳性率为7．14％（2／28）,显著低于肺癌患者胸腔积液标本生存素mRNA的阳性率（P〈0．001）。结论：运用RT—PCR方法检测胸腔积液中生存素mRNA的表达在判断肺癌性胸腔积液中具有一定的敏感性和特异性,可能作为肺癌辅助诊断的一个新检测指标。     

Relationship between plasma copeptin levels and complications of community-acquired pneumonia in preschool children

High plasma copeptin level has been associated with clinical outcomes after acute illness. The present study was undertaken to investigate the plasma copeptin concentrations in preschool children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and to analyze the correlations of copeptin with CAP-related complications and pleural effusion. Plasma copeptin concentrations of 100 healthy children and 165 preschool children with CAP were measured. 35 children (21.2%) presented with complicated CAP and 28 children (17.0%) presented with pleural effusion. The admission copeptin levels were significantly increased in all patients (49.7 ± 21.4 pmol/L), children with complicated CAP (73.0 ± 16.9 pmol/L), those with uncomplicated CAP (43.4 ± 17.8 pmol/L), those with pleural effusion (70.9 ± 17.4 pmol/L) and those without pleural effusion (45.3 ± 19.5 pmol/L) compared with healthy control individuals (9.0 ± 2.7 pmol/L, all P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that plasma copeptin levels were independently related to CAP-related complications (odds ratio 1.214, 95% confidence interval 1.104–1.872, P < 0.001) and pleural effusion (odds ratio 1.226, 95% confidence interval 1.109–1.917, P < 0.001). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed plasma copeptin level better predicted CAP-related complications (area under curve 0.876, 95% confidence interval 0.815–0.922) and pleural effusion (area under curve 0.831, 95% confidence interval 0.765–0.885). Thus, plasma copeptin level may represent a novel biomarker for predicting CAP-related complications in preschool children.     

细胞芯片诊断胸腔液中淋巴瘤细胞的初步评价

目的探讨细胞芯片诊断胸腔液中淋巴瘤细胞的应用价值。方法应用一种目前国内外尚未见报道的细胞芯片,对33例胸腔液中淋巴瘤细胞和对照组-4例胸腔液中小细胞型癌细胞进行了免疫杂交。结果阳性杂交点细胞呈圆形分布,界限清楚,细胞形态显示良好;B-NHLC占72．7％(24／33),T-NHLC占18．2％(6／33)。CD79a对B-NHLC捕获阳性率达100％,CD3对T-NHLC捕获阳性率为75％,两均未见交叉反应。结论细胞芯片对胸腔液中淋巴瘤细胞的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要的临床应用价值。     

252 例胸膜恶性肿瘤的临床病理分析

目的：探讨胸膜恶性肿瘤的病理类型、肿瘤所占比例、临床病理特征及鉴别诊断。方法：结合病理形态学及免疫组化方法对 252 例胸膜恶性肿瘤进行诊断及鉴别诊断。结果：252 例胸膜恶性肿瘤包括胸膜穿刺活检120 例,胸腔镜活检25 例,伴有胸膜转 移的恶性胸水107 例;男性143 例,女性109 例,年龄19-87 岁,平均年龄59.9 岁。临床主要症状是胸闷、气短、咳嗽、胸痛等。CT 表现为胸膜增厚、胸水(90%)、多发或单发胸膜结节和原发器官占位性病变。活检病例中,转移性癌86 例(34.1%),包括肺腺癌64 例(25.4%),小细胞癌11 例(4.4%),鳞癌11 例(4.4%),恶性间皮瘤47 例(18.7%),滑膜肉瘤9 例(3.6%),非霍奇金淋巴瘤3 例(1.2%); 恶性胸水病例病例中转移性癌95 例(37.7%),包括肺腺癌85 例(33.7%),小细胞癌6 例(2.4%),鳞癌2 例(0.8%),乳腺腺癌2 例 (0.8%),恶性间皮瘤8 例(3.2%),非霍奇金淋巴瘤4 例(1.6%)。结论：胸膜恶性肿瘤中以转移性腺癌多见,其次为恶性间皮瘤,结合 形态学及免疫组织化学检测不同标志物的表达有助于诊断胸膜恶性肿瘤的种类。     

MMP-2 VEGF在肺腺癌细胞中的表达及其意义

目的研究探讨基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在胸腔积液、痰液中肺腺癌细胞的不同表达及二者在肺癌细胞侵袭转移过程中的相互关系。方法选择胸腔积液、痰液共计264例癌性及异型增生细胞标本经免疫细胞化学方法分别检测MMP-2 VEGF的表达情况。结果免疫细胞化学结果显示:MMP-2在胸腔积液中腺癌细胞、异型增生上皮细胞的表达率分别为71.7%(99/138)、16.7%(6/36),在胸膜炎和结核病变典型良性胸腔积液增生上皮细胞中不表达;在痰腺癌细胞中的表达率为39.1%(27/69),统计结果显示MMP-2在恶性胸腔积液腺癌细胞中的表达率明显高于在异型增生的上皮、增生的上皮及痰腺癌细胞的表达率(P均0.05)。VEGF在胸腔积液中腺癌细胞、异型增生上皮细胞的表达率分别为89.1%(123/138)、33.3%(12/36),在胸膜炎和结核病变典型良性胸腔积液增生上皮细胞中不表达;在痰腺癌细胞中的表达率为47.8%(33/69),VEGF在恶性胸腔积液腺癌细胞中表达率明显高于在异型增生的上皮细胞、增生的上皮细胞及痰腺癌细胞的表达率(P均0.05),且MMP-2同VEGF总阳性表达率之间成正相关(r=0.867,P=0.049)。结果 MMP-2 VEGF在胸水腺癌细胞中高表达,可能与肺腺癌的转移、侵袭有关;两者联合做免疫细胞化学检查对肺腺癌细胞病理诊断有辅助意义。     

免疫细胞化学方法对胸腔积液中恶性肿瘤细胞的分类与诊断

目的应用免疫细胞化学对胸腔积液中的肺非小细胞癌分类与恶性间皮瘤的鉴别诊断。方法利用液基薄层细胞学自动涂片技术方法对筛查出的胸腔积液可疑瘤细胞及瘤细胞标本1158例进行细胞包埋连续切片,分别作肺非小细胞癌（NSCLC）肿瘤细胞标记物CK7、CK5＆6、TTF-1、E—Ca及恶性间皮瘤标记物MC（MesothelialCell,MC）、CR（Calfetinin,CR）、P53、Vimentin免疫细胞化学染色。结果1158例胸腔积液患者确诊为肺腺癌581例,鳞癌509例,腺鳞癌48例,恶性间皮瘤20例。TTF-1在腺癌中有明显高表达,阳性表达率为92．43％;CK58L6在鳞癌中有明显高表达,阳性表达率为97．45％;MC、CR在恶性间皮瘤中有明显高表达,阳性表达率为100．00％和95．00％。结论液基细胞学与免疫细胞化学技术相结合在胸腔积液鉴别诊断中有很重要的临床意义,CK7、CK58L6、TTF-1、E—ca联合应用可用于胸腔积液中NSCLC之间的分类与诊断,CK58L6、MC、CR、P53、Vimentin联合应用可用于胸腔积液中间皮瘤的定性诊断,值得在临床细胞病理学诊断中推广应用。