普罗布考联合阿司匹林溶解治疗颈动脉斑块脑梗死的临床效果观察

目的:探讨普罗布考联合司匹林溶解治疗颈动脉斑块脑梗死的临床效果。方法:选取于我院进行治疗的颈动脉斑块脑梗死患者60例,根据电脑生成的随机数字表将所有患者随机分为实验组与对照组,每组各30例,对照组患者予以常规治疗及阿司匹林,实验组患者在对照组的基础上联合使用普罗布考。两组治疗前后两组患者颈内动脉斑块面积、斑块数量、内中膜厚度及血清丙二醛(MDA)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的变化及血脂情况。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后的颈内动脉斑块面积、斑块数量、内中膜厚度及血清MDA、CRP、血清总胆固醇(TC)、血清三酰甘油(TG)、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均降低,血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平升高(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者颈内动脉斑块面积、斑块数量、内中膜厚度及血清血清丙二醛(MDA)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血清总胆固醇(TC)、血清三酰甘油(TG)、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平较低(P0.05);血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平较高(P0.05)。结论:普罗布考联合阿司匹林能够更有效溶解脑梗死患者颈内动脉斑块,这可能与其降低血脂水平、改善炎症情况,减轻氧化损伤有关。     

CXCL8对小鼠动脉粥样硬化发生发展的影响及其分子机制研究

目的:探讨趋化因子8(CXCL8)对小鼠动脉粥样硬化(AS)发生发展的影响及其可能机制。方法:40只雄性Apo E-/-小鼠随机分为AS组和CXCL8抑制剂(G31P)组,每组各20只,另选取20只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠作为对照组。AS组小鼠予高脂饲料喂养12周,G31P组小鼠予高脂饲料喂养12周的同时皮下注射G31P(注射剂量为500μg/kg),对照组的小鼠予普通饲料喂养12周。ELISA法检测小鼠血清中的甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)水平,实时聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测小鼠主动脉组织中CXCL8及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)mRNA的表达量,Western-blot法检测主动脉CXCL8及MMP9蛋白表达量。结果:高脂饮食喂养12周后,AS组小鼠血清中的TG、LDL-C、TC水平均高于G31P组,而HDL-C水平明显低于G31P组(P0.05);G31P组小鼠血清中的TG、LDL-C、TC水平均高于对照组,HDL-C水平低于对照组(P0.05)。AS组小鼠主动脉组织中的CXCL8、MMP9的m RNA表达量及蛋白表达量高于G31P组(P0.05),G31P组小鼠主动脉组织中的的CXCL8、MMP9的m RNA表达量及蛋白表达量高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:CXCL8在AS小鼠主动脉组织中呈高表达,CXCL8可能通过影响MMP9的表达在一定程度上参与了AS的发生发展,抑制CXCL8的表达或可延缓AS的发生发展。     

子痫前期患者血清APN、TNF-α、Apelin水平的表达及相关性研究

目的:探讨子痫前期患者血清脂联素(APN)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、Apelin水平的表达及相关性。方法:选取2015年10月到2017年8月在辽河油田总医院妇产科就诊的子痫前期患者86例,根据患者的病情严重程度将其分为轻度子痫前期组(46例)和重度子痫前期组(40例),另选取同期在我院进行产检的健康孕妇40例作为对照组,比较三组受试者血清中APN、TNF-α、Apelin、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和总胆固醇(TC)水平,并分析子痫前期患者血清中APN、TNF-α、Apelin、LDL-C、TG、HDL-C、TC的相关性。结果:重度子痫前期组血清中APN水平低于轻度子痫前期组和对照组,TNF-α、Apelin水平高于轻度子痫前期组和对照组(P0.05);轻度子痫前期组血清中APN水平低于对照组,TNF-α、Apelin水平高于对照组(P0.05)。重度子痫前期组血清中LDL-C、TG、TC水平高于轻度子痫前期组和对照组,HDL-C水平低于轻度子痫前期组和对照组(P0.05);轻度子痫前期组LDL-C、TC水平高于对照组,HDL-C水平低于对照组(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,子痫前期患者血清中APN与TNF-α、Apelin、LDL-C、TG呈负相关,与HDL-C呈正相关(P0.05);TNF-α与Apelin、LDL-C、TG、TC呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关(P0.05);Apelin与LDL-C、TG、TC呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关(P0.05)。结论:子痫前期患者血清中APN水平明显下降,TNF-α、Apelin明显升高,三种指标可相互影响,且均可影响机体的脂质代谢水平,共同调节子痫前期患者的疾病进展。     

载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠血脂及心肌酶学的测定及意义

目的:研究载脂蛋白E基因敲除(ApoE-/-)小鼠血脂及心肌酶学的变化,为利用其探讨动脉粥样硬化的病理生理进程提供实验依据。方法:选取28W龄雄性ApoE-/-小鼠6只和同性别、同周龄的野生型C57BL/6J(WT)小鼠10只,应用日立7600全自动生化分析仪分别测定其血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、载脂蛋白B(Apo-B)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和缺血修饰白蛋白(ACB)的水平。结果:与WT鼠比,ApoE-/-小鼠血清中血脂指标TG、TC、LDL-C、hs-CRP和NEFA水平显著升高(P<0.01),而HDL-C仅为0.46±0.16mmol/L,远低于WT鼠的水平(1.86±0.26mmol/L)。心肌酶学指标CK、LDH明显高于对照组(P<0.01),缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA()55.61±3.50U/mL)明显低于对照组(72.47±4.26U/mL)(P<0.01)。CK-MB与对照组相比无显著性变化。结论:ApoE-/-小鼠血脂水平...     

不同剂量阿伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗原发性高血压并动脉粥样硬化的临床研究

目的:探讨不同剂量阿托伐他汀联合阿司匹林治疗原发性高血压并动脉粥样硬化的临床疗效。方法:选取2015年1月-2016年12月在我院治疗的原发性高血压并动脉粥样硬化患者80例,随机分为对照组和实验组,每组40例。实验组给予口服高剂量阿托伐他汀(40 mg/d)联合阿司匹林肠溶片(100 mg/d)治疗,对照组给予口服高剂量阿托伐他汀(20 mg/d)联合阿司匹林肠溶片(100 mg/d)治疗,疗程均为3个月。观察和比较两组患者治疗前后的总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoproteincholesterol,HDL-C)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张血压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)以及颈动脉斑块分级。结果:两组治疗后的SBP、DBP、血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平均较治疗前显著降低,血清HDL-C水平较治疗前明显升高,且实验组SBP、DBP、血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05),血清HDL-C水平明显高于对照组(P0.05)。实验组颈动脉斑块0-Ⅰ级的比例显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:口服高剂量阿托伐他汀(40 mg/d)联合阿司匹林肠溶片(100 mg/d)治疗原发性高血压并动脉粥样硬化较低剂量阿托伐他汀(20 mg/d)联合阿司匹林肠溶片(100 mg/d)疗效更好,可以有效降低血压,调节血脂并改善患者预后。     

海蜇胶原蛋白肽的降血脂及抗氧化作用的研究

本研究以海蜇胶原蛋白为原料,经酶解得到海蜇胶原蛋白肽,探讨海蜇胶原蛋白肽对小鼠血脂的影响及抗氧化作用。以高脂饲料喂养ICR小鼠,建立高脂血症模型,研究胶原蛋白肽对小鼠肝系数和脂肪系数的变化情况及小鼠血脂水平、肝组织抗氧化功能的影响。结果表明海蜇胶原蛋白肽能显著降低小鼠肝系数和脂肪系数,能显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、动脉硬化指数(LDL-C/HDL-C)水平,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和抗动脉粥样硬化因子(HDL-C/TC);能提高肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活力,并能减低丙二醛(MDA)的含量。海蜇胶原蛋白肽具有辅助减低血脂水平和增强抗氧化功能的作用。     

瑞舒伐他汀对兔动脉粥样硬化斑块及血清PAPP-A的影响

目的:探讨瑞舒伐他汀对兔动脉粥样硬化斑块及血清妊娠相关血浆蛋白(PAPP-A)的影响.方法:新西兰家兔18只,随机分为正常对照组(Normal组,n=6)、动物粥样梗化模型组(AS组,n=6)和瑞舒伐他汀治疗组(RSV组,n=6).于治疗前、治疗后,检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量,酶联免疲吸附法(ELISA)检测血清PAPP-A水平.同时,用血管内超声检查(IVUS)测定病变部位的血管外弹力膜面积(EEMA)、管腔面积(LA)和斑块面积(PA),计算管腔面积狭窄百分率(LAS%).结果:治疗前,AS组和RSV组兔的血清TC、TG、LDL-C及PAPP-A的水平较Normal组高(P<0.01),HDL-C的水平较Normal组低(P<0.01);治疗后,RSV组兔的血清TC、TG、LDL-C及PAPP-A比AS组低(P<0.01).HDL-C的水平比AS组高(P<0.01),且RSV组兔的血清TC、TG、LDL-C及PAPP-A的水平较治疗前低(P<0.01),HDL-C的水平较治疗前高(P<0.01).血管内超声检查结果显示,治疗后,RSV组兔的LAS%(30.87%±5.27%)比AS组低(37.42%±6.12%)(P<0.01).结论:瑞舒伐他汀能改善对AS兔血脂,减少AS斑块形成及降低血清PAPP-A水平.     

ApoE~(-/-)小鼠动脉粥样硬化模型的建立

ApoE-基因敲除小鼠(ApoE-/-)经含有21%脂肪和0.15%胆固醇的高脂饲料喂食12周后进行各项血脂胆固醇水平检测,以及整体主动脉油红O染色与主动脉根部病理切片油红O染色等动脉粥样硬化病理分析。结果显示经过高脂诱导的ApoE-/-小鼠的血浆总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平均比未经饮食诱导的ApoE-/-小鼠、经同样饮食处理的野生型小鼠以及未经处理的野生型小鼠均显著升高(P0.05);低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇水平与野生型(正常饮食组和高脂组)相比升高了近3倍多;高脂诱导ApoE-/-小鼠的主动脉斑块面积占整体主动脉面积的65%,显著高于ApoE-/-小鼠的正常饮食组(21%)(P0.05),同时主动脉根部的血管壁明显增厚,管腔变窄。实验结果表明通过高脂饲料饮食诱导,成功建立了动脉粥样硬化模型小鼠,可为下游的药物筛选、基因治疗以及动脉粥样硬化机理的体内研究提供理想的实验材料。     

吸烟对小鼠血清介导巨噬细胞胆固醇流出的影响及其机制

目的:探讨吸烟对小鼠血清介导巨噬细胞胆固醇流出的影响及其机制.方法:14只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组和吸烟组.吸烟组小鼠被动吸烟8周后,检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)和丙二醛(MDA)浓度.采用液体闪烁计数法分别检测对照组小鼠血清、吸烟组小鼠血清、吸烟组小鼠血清+N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC,2mM)介导的细胞胆固醇流出效率.结果:与对照组相比,吸烟组小鼠血清中HDL-C显著降低,TG显著升高,TC和LDL-C无显著差别,并且吸烟组小鼠血清中MDA水平也显著升高.吸烟组小鼠血清介导巨噬细胞胆固醇流出效率明显降低,给予抗氧化剂NAC共同孵育可以显著增加吸烟组小鼠血清胆固醇流出效率.结论:吸烟显著降低小鼠血清介导的巨噬细胞胆固醇流出效率,其机制可能与吸烟降低HDL-C水平以及促进HDL脂质过氧化有关.     

神经鞘磷脂合成酶2基因的缺失有抗动脉粥样硬化及抗炎作用

本文以神经鞘磷脂合成酶2基因敲除(sphingomyelin synthase 2 knockout,SMS2-/-)小鼠为研究对象,旨在探讨神经鞘磷脂(sphingomyelin,SM)代谢与动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)发生之间的关系。雄性3月龄SMS2-/-小鼠为实验组,同性别同月龄C57BL/6J(wild-type,WT)小鼠为对照组。用高脂高胆固醇饮食喂养两组小鼠,并给予胆盐以促进AS斑块的形成。喂养3个月后解剖观察小鼠主动脉弓,剖开胸腹主动脉进行油红染色以观察AS斑块发生情况;同时收集小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,用脂多糖刺激后,提取核蛋白用Western blot方法检测核因子κB(nuclear factor-κB,NFκB)p65含量;高脂饮食喂养前后,小鼠断尾取血,酶法测定血清SM水平,用血脂检测试剂盒检测血脂水平。结果显示,高脂饮食喂养3个月后,SMS2-/-小鼠的主动脉弓和胸腹主动脉很少形成AS斑块,而WT小鼠则产生了较多AS斑块;高脂饮食喂养前后,SMS2-/-小鼠血清SM水平均明显低于WT小鼠(P0.05),而血脂水平并无显著性差异(P0.05);高脂饮食喂养后,SMS2-/-小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞经过脂多糖刺激产生的NFκBp65含量明显低于WT小鼠。以上结果提示,SMS2基因的缺失有抗AS及抗炎作用,因而可能成为临床治疗的新策略。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.