石油菜挥发油和超临界流体萃取物化学成分的GC-MS分析

首次利用水蒸气蒸馏法和超临界流体萃取法(SFE)对石油菜地上部位进行提取,分别获得挥发油和SFE萃取物,采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)结合计算机数据库检索对这两种提取物的化学成分进行了分析鉴定,采用峰面积归一化法测定了其中各个化学成分的相对含量。从挥发油中共分离出39个色谱峰,鉴定了其中28个化学成分,已鉴定出的成分的相对含量总和占化合物检出总量的91.90%,化合物类型均为萜类。从SFE萃取物中共分离出136个色谱峰,鉴定了其中65个化学成分,已鉴定出的成分的相对含量总和占化合物检出总量的58.17%,化合物类型包括萜类、芳香族类和脂肪族类。挥发油和SFE萃取物均含有α-蒎烯、石竹烯和桉油烯醇,其他成分则存在较大差异。     

华泽兰花部位化学成分及其抑菌活性研究

为研究菊科泽兰属植物华泽兰Eupatorium chinense L.花部位的化学成分,采用正相硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱及制备型HPLC等方法分离纯化,利用NMR、MS等波谱学方法鉴定化合物结构,从华泽兰花中得到了9个化合物,应用波谱学方法分别鉴定为:3,11-二氧,Δ~(12)-齐墩果烯(1)、3β-(辛烷氧基)-11-氧代烯烃-12-烯-28-酸(2)、β-香树脂醇(3)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(4)、咖啡酸乙酯(5)、5-甲基-2(1-甲基乙基)苯基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、eupalinolide K(7)、11-羟基-10,11-二氢泽兰素(8)、dieupachinin E(9),其中化合物1～7均为首次从该种属植物中得到。化合物1～3为齐墩果烷型五环三萜,为华泽兰中首次分离得到,推测其为华泽兰花部分的特征成分。对化合物1～7进行了抗菌活性测试:采用牛津杯法评价部分化合物的抑菌活性,结果显示,化合物1～6显示出不同程度的抑菌活性,其中化合物1和4活性最好。本文是首次对华泽兰花部位的化学成分进行报道。     

防风挥发油的GC—MS分析

用气相色谱-质谱联用、气相色谱以及柱层析方法分析、分离了防风挥发油的化学成分,鉴定了38个化合物,主成分为人参醇(panaxynol)。     

藏药波棱瓜子中酚性成分的研究

通过采用多种柱层析和重结晶的方法分离纯化波棱瓜子乙酸乙酯部位,研究藏药波棱瓜子Herpetospermumcaudigerum(Wall.)种子中的化学成分。同时结合理化性质、TLC、1H NMR和MS等分析测试方法鉴定化合物的结构。从藏药波棱瓜子乙酸乙酯部位分离并鉴定了7个酚性成分,分别为Herpetol(1)、Herpetolide A(2)、(9R)-9-hydroxylariciresinol(3)、Evofolin-B(4)、Kaempferol 3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside(5)、Herpetin(6)、Herpetrione(7)。其中,化合物3、4、5为首次从该植物中分离得到。选用白色念珠菌、耻垢分歧杆菌、新型隐球酵母和枯草芽孢杆菌对以上单体化合物进行了抗菌活性测试,化合物6、7对白色念珠菌具有一定的抑制活性,MIC分别为10. 5、9. 2μm。     

太子参挥发油化学成分研究 （Ⅰ）

为了研究太子参在GAP实施过程中产地加工对其挥发油化学成分的影响,采用乙醚回流-水蒸气蒸馏提取法,分别提取晒干和烘干太子参的挥发油,运用GC-MS-DS联用分析技术和气相色谱保留指数法,对晒干和烘干太子参挥发油化学成分进行比较分析,用GC面积归一法分别计算了各成分的相对含量.结果表明,晒干和烘干太子参的挥发油得率分别为0.28%和0.13%.晒干太子参挥发油鉴定出9种化合物,其中相对含量最高(87.19%)的成分是邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,烘干太子参挥发油鉴定出15种化合物,其中相对含量最高(77.34%)的成分是2,6-二(1,1-二甲乙基)-4-甲基苯酚,两者挥发油化学成分含量和组成有明显差异.     

两面针中的化学成分

研究两面针Zanthaxylum nitidum(Roxb．)DC根部乙醇提取物中的化学成分。采用硅胶柱层析方法进行分离和纯化,通过波谱分析鉴定分离得到的化合物的结构。共鉴定7种香豆素成分及2种其它类型成分,其中6种香豆素前文已作过报道。本文主要介绍三种化学成分即β-谷甾醇(1),5-methoxymarmesin(2),β-香树素(3)。其中5-methoxymarmesin为首次从该植物中分离得到的化合物。     

中国人参花化学成分研究

目的:对人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.)花蕾的化学成分进行研究。方法:采用多种柱色谱技术进行分离纯化,并通过波谱分析方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果:分离鉴定了9个化合物,分别鉴定为咖啡碱(1)、胡萝卜苷(2)、豆甾醇3-O-葡萄糖苷(3)、α-菠甾醇(4)、7-豆甾烯-3β-醇(5)、人参皂苷Rk3(6)、人参皂苷Re(7)、人参皂苷Rg2(8)、谷甾醇(9)结论:其中化合物1为五加科植物中首次分离得到,化合物3、4、5为人参花中首次分离得到。     

维药瘤果黑种草籽化学成分研究

为研究维药瘤果黑种草籽的化学成分,采用硅胶、ODS柱色谱等方法分离纯化,分离并鉴定了16个化合物,利用理化性质及波谱方法鉴定化学成分的结构分别为:Nigeglanine(1)、附子碱(2)、L-色氨酸(3)、L-色氨酸甲酯(4)、5,7-二羟基-异苯并呋喃酮(5)、豆甾醇(6)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)、β-谷甾醇(8)、β-胡萝卜苷(9)、亚油酸(10)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(11)、棕榈酸(12)、十六烷酸1-甘油酯(13)、硬酯酸(14)、硬酯酸2-甘油酯(15)和蔗糖(16)。其中化合物3～5、7、9、11和15为首次从该种药材中得到。     

不同产地吴茱萸果实挥发油成分的GC-MS分析及与小花吴茱萸的比较

用水蒸气蒸馏法提取陕西汉中、贵州、福建、江西4个产地的吴茱萸和汉中产小花吴茱萸的果实挥发油,并用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)共鉴定出154种化学成分,主要为萜类、酯类及酰胺类等化合物。其中陕西汉中产吴茱萸果实挥发油中鉴定出48种化学成分,未知成分2种。主要成分有反式-罗勒烯(相对含量为75.05%,下同)、顺式-罗勒烯(8.10%)、β-香叶烯(6.14%)等;贵州产吴茱萸果实挥发油中鉴定出43种化学成分,未知成分3种,其主要成分有反式-罗勒烯(67.04%)、β-香叶烯(9.66%)、顺式-罗勒烯(7.98%)等;福建产吴茱萸果实挥发油中鉴定出57种化学成分,未知成分2种,主要成分有反式-罗勒烯(73.14%)、顺式-罗勒烯(8.41%)、β-香叶烯(3.82%)等;江西产吴茱萸果实挥发油中鉴定出61种化学成分,主要种类有β-香叶烯(33.49%)、反式-罗勒烯(30.27%)、β-水芹烯(18.86%)、顺式-罗勒烯(5.23%)等;陕西汉中产小花吴茱萸果实挥发油中鉴定出化学成分83种,未知成分3个,其主要成分为反式-罗勒烯(40.21%)、顺式-罗勒烯(8.99%)、β-香叶烯(6.74%)等。结果表明,不同产地吴茱萸及小花吴茱萸果实中挥发油的主要成分种类比较接近,但各自挥发油化合物组成又都含有其特有化学成分。     

野山楂茎化学成分研究

采用硅胶、AB-8大孔树脂和凝胶柱层析方法对野山楂茎化学成分进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质和光谱数据分析鉴定得到9个化合物,分别是:棕榈酸(1)、硬脂酸(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)、槲皮素(4)、芦丁(5)、熊果酸(6),β-胡萝卜甙(7),柠檬酸(8)和儿茶素(9)。除化合物4外,其余均首次从野山楂中分离得到。     

黔产青钱柳化学成分及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

为了阐明青钱柳中的降血糖功效成分,实验对黔产青钱柳进行了系统化学成分研究和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性评价。利用各种色谱学手段和波谱学方法,从青钱柳叶80%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定出13个化合物,分别为阿福豆苷(1)、山柰酚3-O-(4″-O-乙酰基)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(2)、juglanoside J(3)、1α,2α,4β-3羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢萘酮(4)、青钱柳苷III(5)、青钱柳苷J(6)、黄体酮(7)、去酰基萝藦苷元(8)、20-乙酰氧基-4-烯-3-酮(9)、齐墩果酸(10)、5-O-P香豆酰奎宁酸甲酯(11)、亚麻酸甲酯(12)、软脂酸(13)。其中,化合物9为新天然产物,化合物2~4、7、8、11、13均为首次从该植物中分离得到。用PNPG法对化合物1~10进行了α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性筛选,结果显示,化合物1、2有较强的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,表明黄酮类成分是青钱柳降血糖功效的物质基础之一。     

许树中苯乙醇苷类化合物的研究

用层析方法从许树Clerodendrum inerme的乙醇提取物中分离得到9个糖苷类化合物,通过光谱分析,鉴定结构为毛蕊糖苷（verbascoside,1）、异毛蕊糖苷（isoverbascoside,2）、脱咖啡酰基毛蕊糖苷（decaffeoylverbascoside,3）、campneosideI（4）、cistanosideE（5）、markhamiosideF（6）、isocistanosideF（7）、benzyl glucoside（8）和purpureasideB（9）。其中化合物4—9为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

High-throughput screening assays for the assessment of CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2, and CYP2C9*3 metabolism using fluorogenic Vivid substrates

CYP2C9 is a genetically polymorphic human cytochrome P450 isozyme involved in the oxidative metabolism of many drugs, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds. Individuals genotyped heterozygous or homozygous for CYP2C9 allelic variants have demonstrated altered metabolism of some drugs primarily metabolized by CYP2C9. The ability to expand screening of CYP2C9 allelic variants to a larger set of drugs and pharmaceutical agents would contribute to a better understanding of the significance of CYP2C9 polymorphisms in the population and to predictions of possible outcomes. The authors report the development of an in vitro fluorescence-based assay employing recombinant CYP2C9 variants (CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2, and CYP2C9*3) and fluorogenic Vivid(R) CYP2C9 substrates to explore the effects of CYP2C9 polymorphisms on drug metabolism, using drugs primarily metabolized by CYP2C9. Several chemically diverse fluorogenic substrates (Vivid(R) CYP2C9 blue, green, and red substrates) were used as prototypic probes to obtain in vitro CYP2C9 metabolic rates and kinetic parameters, such as apparent K(m), V(max), and V(max)/K(m) ratios for each allelic variant. In addition, a diverse panel of drugs was screened as assay modifiers with CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, and the fluorogenic Vivid(R) CYP2C9 substrates. The inhibitory potential of this large group of chemically diverse drugs and compounds has been assessed on the basis of their ability to compete with Vivid(R) CYP2C9 substrates in fluorescent reporter assays, thus providing a sensitive and quick assessment of polymorphism-dependent changes in CYP2C9 metabolism.     

Anti-adipogenic chromone glycosides from Cnidium monnieri fruits in 3T3-L1 cells

Seven new chromone glycosides, monnierisides A (3), B (10), C (11), D (12), E (13), F (15) and G (16) were isolated from Cnidium. monnieri, together with ten known chromone derivatives, undulatoside A (1), cnidimol C (2), saikochromoside A (4), cnidimoside A (5), cnidimoside B (6), 2-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-(2-butenyl-3-hydroxymethyl)-7-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (7), cnidimol D (8), hydroxycnidimoside A (9), umtatin (14) and 6'-hydroxylangelicain (17). The structures of isolated compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-MS. Among the compounds isolated, compounds 5, 6, 9 and 10 significantly inhibited adipocyte differentiation as measured by fat accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells using Oil Red O staining.     

Synthesis and Bioactive Studies of Complex 8-Hydroxyquinolinato-Bis-(Salicylato) Yttrium (III)

This paper reports the synthesis of a new bioactive complex, 8-hydroxyquinolinato-bis-(salicylato) yttrium (III) (HSAY), whose composition and structure were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The power-time curves of the compounds HSAY, C(7)H(6)O(3), C(9)H(7)NO, and YCl(3)·6H(2)O on the growth metabolism of Schizosaccharomyces pombe (S. pombe) were determined at 32.00°C, respectively. The corresponding thermokinetics parameters, which include the microbial growth rate constant (κ), inhibition ratio (I), and half inhibition concentration (IC(50)), were also derived. The results showed that the generation time was 168.2 min, and all the compounds HSAY, C(7)H(6)O(3), C(9)H(7)NO, and YCl(3)·6H(2)O possessed good bioactivities on the growth metabolism of S. pombe, with the values of IC(50) being 0.055, 3.57, 0.057, and 1.35 mmol L(-1), respectively. The inhibition ability of these compounds above on the growth of the S. pombe has been observed to decrease in the order HSAY>C(9)H(7)NO>YCl(3)·6H(2)O>C(7)H(6)O(3).     

Estrogenic constituents of the heartwood of Dalbergia parviflora

From the heartwood of Dalbergia parviflora, five compounds, dalparvin A (1), B (2), C (3), dalparvinol C (4), and neokhriol A (5), along with 11 known compounds, kenusanone G (6), cajanin (7), sophorol (8), alpinetin (9), hesperetin (10), 3'-O-methylorobol, odoratin, (2R)(3R)-2,3-trans 7-hydroxy-5-methoxydihydroflavonol, (6aR, 11aR)-3,8-dihydroxy-9-methoxypterocarpan, (6aR, 11aR)- vesticarpan, and methyl-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate were isolated and characterized. Isolates were evaluated for their cell proliferation stimulatory activity against MCF-7, T-47D, and BT20 human breast cancer cell lines. Along with 7-10, two compounds 2 and 3 stimulated not only MCF-7, but also T-47D human breast cancer cell proliferation. Compound 6 had activity only against MCF-7 cells, and the activity of 7 was more than equivalent to that of daidzein. On the other hand, none of the isolates had any significant effects on BT20 cell proliferation, and these results indicated that the stimulative activity of these compounds was not general to any cell proliferations. Furthermore, these compounds were tested in the estrogen-responsive transient luciferase reporter assay.     

鞭打绣球中的一个新单萜苷

从鞭打绣球(Hemiphragma heterophyllum Wall.)全草中分离到1个新单萜苷和7个已知化合物.通过波谱数据分析,新单萜苷的结构鉴定为(4S)-α-萜烯醇-8-O-β-D-比喃木糖-(1→6)-β-D-比喃葡萄糖苷,已知化合物分别鉴定为globularin(2)、(2S 3S,4R,9E)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-2-[(2'R)-hydroxy-tetracosanoylamino]-9-octadecene(3)、β-香树素(4)、齐墩果酸(5)、肉桂酸(6)、β-谷甾醇(7)和胡萝卜甙(8).除化合物2外,其余化合物均为首次从鞭打绣球中分离得到.     

Chemical constituents from Celastrus aculeatus Merr.

Phytochemical investigation of Celastrus aculeatus Merr. led to the isolation of nine compounds. Their structures were identified to be dulcitol (1), β-sitosterol (2), n-tritriacontane (3), nimbidiol (4), pristimerin (5), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (7), vanillic acid (8), 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (9) and a new compound named pristimerol (6) on the basis of mass and NMR spectra. This is the first report of phenolic acids (compounds 7–9) from C. aculeatus Merr. We present the HR-MS, 1D NMR (¹H, ¹³C NMR, DEPT) and 2D NMR (HMBC) data of the new compound (6).     

Chemical Constituents of the Roots of Anemone altaica Fisch. ex C. A. Mey.

The roots of Anemone altaica Fisch. ex C. A. Mey. have been used in the treatment of epilepsia, neurasthenia, and arthritis in Chinese folk medicine for a long time. In order to find new and bioactive compounds, the chemical constituents of the roots of A. altaica were investigated and nine compounds were isolated from the EtOH extract of this plant. On the basis of spectroscopic methods, the structures of these compounds were elucidated as 4-（9H-β-carbolin- 1-yl）-4-oxo-butyric acid （1）, carboxymethyl isoferulate （2）, isoferulic acid （3）, cirsiumaldehyde （4）, 5-hydroxy-4-oxo-pentanoic acid （5）, triacontane （6）, palmic acid （7）, β-sitosterol （8）, and daucosterol （9）. Among them, 1 and 2 were new compounds, and 3 and 4 were obtained from this genus for the first time.     

A New Stilbene from Cercis chinensis Bunge

To study new natural products, we used ODS （YMC, Kyoto, Japan） and silica gel column chromatography to separate compounds in Cercis chinensis Bunge （Leguminosae）. A new stilbene, trans- 3, 5, 3＇, 4＇-tetrahydroxy-4-methylstilbene （1）, along with 10 known compounds, namely piceatannol （2）, dihydromyricetin （3）, catechin （4）, dihydrorobinetin （5）, menisdaurin （6）, lithospermoside （7）, teatannin （8）, dasycarponin （9）, β-sitosterol （10）, and daucosterin （11）, was isolated from C. chinensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. Compounds 2-6 and 9 were isolated from the genus Cercis Linn. for the first time.