大剂量降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床研究

目的 探讨大剂量降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及作用机制。方法 将收治的90例发病在72h内的急性脑梗死患者随机分为大剂量降纤酶组（A组）、中等剂量降纤组（B组）、丹参注射液治疗组（C组）,每组各为30例,A组每天给予降纤酶20u加入0.9%氯化钠注射液250ml中静滴1h以上,每天1次,连用3天,总剂量60u;B组每天用降纤酶10u,连用3天,总剂量30u;C组给予丹参注射液20ml加入5％葡萄糖注射液250ml中静滴,每天1次,连用7天。3个组在用药前后以神经功能缺损程度为指标进行评价,并观察治疗前后血液流变学变化。结果 A组总有效率96．7％,显效率90％,优于B组（总有效率80％,显效率63．3％）,明显优于C组（总有效率60％,显效率33．3％）。A组、B组治疗后血纤维蛋白原明显降低,血粘度得到改善,且A组优于B组。结论 大剂量降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死疗效优于中等剂量降纤酶和常规药物。其主要机制是降低血纤维蛋白原,改善血粘度,从而改善了微循环;增强t-PA,溶解血栓。该药安全可靠,未见自发性出血症状和过敏反应,对肝、肾功能、凝血功能无明显影响,随访3个月稳定性好。     

降纤酶治疗急性缺血性脑血管病的疗效观察

目的 观察应用降纤酶治疗急性缺血性脑血管病的疗效。方法 将急性缺血性服血管病患者105例,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗线54例,用降纤酶10u（体重在60kg以下得5u）加生理盐水250ml静脉滴注,每天1次,连用3天,第4天后改为隔日静滴1次,降纤酶总量达到60u;对照组51例,用复方丹参20ml加0．9％生理盐水250ml静脉滴汪,每天1次,连用14天为1个疗程。于治疗后第7天、第14天检测两组治疗前后的神经功能缺损评分和日常生活能力评分,以评价其临床疗效。于治疗后第7天、第14天检测两组治疗前后的神经功能缺损评分和日常生活能力评分,以评价其临床疗效。结果 治疗组的有效率和显效率分别达到87．03％和62．9％,而对照组的有效率和显效率分别为60．78％和37．25％,两组比较有显著性差异（P＜05）。两组治疗后的日常生活能力和神经功能缺损评分均有显著性差异（P＜0．01）,血液流变学指标有明显的改善（P＜0．01）。结论 降纤酶具有降低血浆纤维蛋白原、改善微循环、降低全血粘度等作用,是治疗急性缺血性脑血管病安全、有效的药物。     

降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞

目的　探讨降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞病人的疗效和安全性。　方法　 2 6例心源性脑栓塞病人均有心房纤颤病史 ,男 1 0例 ,女 1 6例 ,年龄 4 0～ 78岁 ,平均 ( 5 1 .73± 1 1 .1 9)岁。给予降纤酶 1 0 u,每日 1次静滴 ,7天为 1疗程。用药期间监测血浆纤维蛋白原、血小板计数、出凝血时间及肝肾功能。　结果　降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞疗效确切 ,能改善神经功能 ,总有效率为 88.4 6 % ,早期应用效果更好。无任何不良反应。　结论　降纤酶是一种安全、有效的治疗心源性脑栓塞的药物 ,宜早期、足量、长疗程应用。     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的　探讨降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的疗效　方法　采用随机抽样分组方法 ,将 60例病人分为治疗组和对照组 ,治疗组在对照组的治疗基础上 ,加用降纤酶首量 1 0 u加入生理盐水 2 50 ml中静滴 ,以后 5u,隔天 1次 ,共 4次为 1疗程。疗程结束后进行疗效比较　结果　治疗组显效率 90 % ,对照组显效率 4 3.3% ;血浆纤维蛋白原治疗组显著下降 ,对照组无明显变化　结论　降纤酶降低纤维蛋白原显著 ,并具有抗凝、溶栓、降低血液粘滞度的作用 ,治疗急性脑梗死疗效确切 ,无毒副作用     

不同剂量降纤酶治疗脑梗死的临床研究

目的 观察不同剂量降纤酶对脑梗死的治疗效果。方法 选择符合诊断标准的患者共８２例,分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组４１例,用降纤酶１０ｕ溶于１００ｍｌ生理盐水中静滴,每日１次,连用１０天;对照组４１例,用降纤酶５ｕ溶于１００ｍｌ生理盐水中静滴,每日１次,连用５天,比较两组患者用药前及治疗１个月的疗效。结果 治疗组总显效率８７．８％,对照组为５６．１％,两组疗效比较有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５０。结论 降纤     

降纤酶治疗糖尿病周围神经病变18例临床观察

目的探讨应用蛇毒降纤酶治疗糖尿病性周围神经病变的可行性。方法选择2型糖尿病并糖尿病周围神经病变患者18例,给予降纤酶5u加入生理盐水250ml中静脉滴注,隔日1次,7次为1疗程,共3个疗程。测定治疗前后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2HPG)、尿素氮(BUN)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板(PLT)等,进行临床症状及体征评分,测定四肢运动及感觉传导速度。结果18例患者凝血酶原时间和活动度均有所下降,无1例有出血倾向;治疗后FPG、2HPG和PL墨较治疗前明显降低;治疗后腓总神经、胫神经：MCV比治疗前增高。结论降纤酶对糖尿病神经病变有一定的治疗作用,但其确切机制有待进一步观察。     

降纤酶静脉溶栓治疗早期脑梗死临床观察

目的：研究降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的机理及用药剂量,方法：对照组应用低分子右旋糖酐５００ｍｌ加复方丹参２０ｍｌ静滴,每天１次,共１４天,观察组基础治疗同对照组,另在发病６－７２ｈ内加用降纤酶１０ｕ加生理盐水１５０ｍｌ静滴,３０－６０ｍｉｎ滴完,每天１次,以后隔日静滴降纤酶１０ｕ,共３次,总量达３０ｕ,５天为１疗程,不用其他抗凝溶栓、抑制血小板聚集药物。于治疗前及治疗后第１、３、７、１４、２８天采用ＥＳ     

降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞疗效观察

目的 探讨降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞的临床疗效和安全性。方法 对32例心源性脑栓塞病人给予降纤酶10u加0．9％氯化钠250ml中静滴,每天1次,10天为1疗程。用药期间监测血浆纤维蛋白原、血液粘度、凝血酶原时间、血小板聚集率及肝肾功能。结果 临床疗效显著,总有效率84．4％,在发病24h内给药部效率92．3％;血浆纤维蛋白原、血液粘度、血小板聚集率均明显降低（P＜0．05）。结论 降纤酶治疗心源性脑栓塞疗效确切,副作用小,安全可靠。早期、足量使用效果更佳。     

应用蛇毒制剂辅助治疗肺心病的临床观察

目的观察蛇毒制剂辅助治疗肺心病的疗效及安全性。方法将诊断明确的肺心病患者96例,随机分为对照组46例,观察组50例,两组患者均给予常规治疗,如控制感染、强心、利尿、解痉等综合治疗。观察组在此基础上加用蛇毒制剂降纤酶治疗,第1、2、3天每天用降纤酶10u,加入0．9％生理盐水100ml静脉点滴,以后每天用5u,连用14天。两组治疗均以14天为1疗程。疗程结束观察记录两组患者临床症状体征、血液流变学、血常规、肝肾功能等。结果观察组显效率68．7％,有效率31．3％,总有效率100％;对照组显效率37．4％,有效率50％．无效14％．总有效率86．5％。两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组治疗后血液流变学、动脉血气分析、血常规等指标明显改善（P〈0．01）,其余指标与治疗前比较无明显变化（P〈0．05）。治疗后上述指标的变化观察组明显优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论蛇毒制剂辅助治疗肺心病疗效显著,无明显副作用,临床应用安全可靠。     

降纤酶配伍低强度He—Ne激光血管内照射治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的探讨降纤酶配伍低强度Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光血管内照射治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法用降纤酶静滴配伍低强度Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光血管内照射（ＩＬＩＢ）治疗２疗程共１０天,并与对照组对比。结果治疗组临床效果明显（总有效率９７．０６％）;治疗组治疗前后的血液流变学指标变化较对照组显著。结论该方法治疗急性脑梗死效果满意。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV