泡桐愈伤组织再生植株的诱导与培养

首先以MS为基本培养基从 1 8个不同浓度的NAA和BA组合中 ,找出了毛泡桐 (Paulowniatomen tosa)、南方泡桐 (Pauiowniaaustralis)、白花泡桐 (Paulowniafortunei)、兰考泡桐 (Paulowniaelongata)和豫杂一号泡桐 (Paulowniatomentosa×P .fortunei)叶片愈伤组织诱导芽分化最适培养基分别为MS 0 .3NAA 1 2BA、MS 0 .3NAA 1 2BA、MS 0 .5NAA 1 2BA、MS 0 .5NAA 1 2BA和MS 0 .7NAA 1 2BA ;然后 ,筛选出了 5种泡桐芽诱导根的最适培养基 (分别为 1 /2MS 0 .1NAA、1 /2MS 0 .1NAA、1 /2MS、1 /2MS 0 .3NAA和 1 /2MS 0 .5NAA)。这些结果为利用不同种泡桐的原生质体融合培育泡桐新品种奠定了一定的基础。     

泡桐愈伤组织再生植株的诱导与培养

首先以MS为基本培养基从18个不同浓度的NAA和BA组合中,找出了毛泡桐（Paulownia tomentosa）、南方泡桐（Pauiownia australis）、白花泡桐（Paulownia fortunei）、兰考泡桐（Paulownia elongata）和豫杂一号泡桐(Paulownia tomentosa×P.fortunei)叶片愈伤组织诱导芽分化最适培养基分别为MS+0.3NAA+12 BA、MS+0.3NAA+12 BA、MS+0.5NAA+12 BA、MS+0.5NAA+12 BA和MS+0.7NAA+12 BA;然后,筛选出了5种泡桐芽诱导根的最适培养基（分别为1/2MS+0.1NAA、1/2MS+0.1NAA、1/2MS、1/2MS+0.3NAA和1/2MS+0.5NAA）。这些结果为利用不同种泡桐的原生质体融合培育泡桐新品种奠定了一定的基础。     

泡桐叶片蛋白质多态性及其聚类分析

研究了9种泡桐叶片蛋白质的多态性,并根据其叶片蛋白质聚丙烯酰胺凝胶单向和双向电泳结果,将它们聚类为白花泡桐组［白花泡桐（Paulownia fortunei）和白花兰考泡桐（P. elongata f. alba）］、南方泡桐组［南方泡桐（P. australis）和成都泡桐(P. albiphloea var. chengtuensis)］和毛泡桐组［毛泡桐（P. tomentosa）、川泡桐（P. fargesii）、鄂川泡桐（P. albiphloea）、山明泡桐（P. lamprophylla）和兰考泡桐（P. elongata ）］。该结果可为了解泡桐属植物的亲缘关系和种的鉴定提供参考依据。     

银河Ⅰ号杨叶外植体再生体系建立

以银河Ⅰ号杨(Populus alba × P.hopeiensis)无菌试管苗叶片为外植体,建立了叶片外植体快速繁殖的培养程序.实验结果表明,MS附加6-BA∶IAA(5∶1 )、每天14 h光照,可诱导离体叶片产生大量不定芽,且生根试管苗叶片的不定芽分化率明显高于无根试管苗.不定芽长至1 cm以上时切下后转至1/2 MS附加IBA 0.2 mg/L的培养基上 ,可生根而形成完整的再生植株.     

黑莓品种‘Arapaho’离体叶片不定芽诱导影响因素分析及再生体系建立

以黑莓(Rubus spp.)品种‘Arapaho’无菌苗叶片为外植体,通过正交和单因素实验分别研究了基本培养基类型、6-BA和1BA质量浓度以及暗培养时间、外植体的叶位和接种方式对不定芽诱导的影响,并研究了IBA质量浓度对不定芽生根的影响;在此基础上,初步建立了黑莓品种‘Arapaho’离体叶片的再生体系.正交实验结果表明:基本培养基类型对叶片不定芽诱导率及平均不定芽数的影响最大,而IBA质量浓度对叶片不定芽诱导率及6-BA质量浓度对平均不定芽数的影响较小;适宜‘Arapaho’叶片不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为含有2.0mg·L-16-BA和1.0 mg·L-1IBA的MS培养基.单因素实验结果表明:暗培养时间、外植体的叶位及接种方式对不定芽诱导率有显著影响;最适宜的暗培养时间为21 d;植株中、上部叶片的再生能力较强,其中第3和第4位叶的不定芽诱导效果最佳;叶面朝上接种更有利于不定芽的诱导.在含0.2 mg·L-1 IBA的MS培养基中,不定芽生根率达100.0％,且根数多、长势良好.黑莓品种‘Arapaho’离体叶片的再生体系为:以无菌苗的第3和第4位叶为外植体,经过适当修剪后叶面朝上接种于含有2.0 mg·L-16-BA和1.0 mg·L-1IBA的MS培养基上,暗培养21 d后置于光照条件下培养30 d;将不定芽转接到含有0.5 mg·L-16-BA和0.3mg·L-1 NAA的MS培养基上进行继代培养;当不定芽高约2 cm时转接到含有0.2 mg·L-1IBA的MS培养基上进行生根培养,最终获得完整植株.     

香叶天竺葵的组织培养快速繁殖

以香叶天竺葵的叶片和叶柄切段为外植体诱导愈伤组织,经过芽诱导、生根诱导等过程成功获得了香叶天竺葵的再生植株。对香叶天竺葵芽的诱导、芽的继代增殖、根的诱导及再生植株移栽等环节进行了优化,在对比研究过的各种培养基中,MS+0.2mg·L-1NAA+0.75mg·L-1BA为最适宜的芽诱导和增殖培养基,芽诱导率达30%,不定芽增殖频率也高于其它培养基;1/2MS+0.2mg·L-1NAA最适于进行生根诱导,生根率高达92%,在该培养基中诱导生根,再生植株的根和芽均显示出较好的长势,移栽成活率也高。该项研究为香叶天竺葵的工厂化大规模育苗提供了依据。     

银河I号杨叶外植体再生体系建立

以银河 号杨 (Populus alba× P.hopeiensis)无菌试管苗叶片为外植体 ,建立了叶片外植体快速繁殖的培养程序。实验结果表明 ,MS附加 6 - BA∶ IAA(5∶ 1 )、每天 1 4h光照 ,可诱导离体叶片产生大量不定芽 ,且生根试管苗叶片的不定芽分化率明显高于无根试管苗。不定芽长至 1 cm以上时切下后转至 1 /2 MS附加 IBA 0 .2 mg/L的培养基上 ,可生根而形成完整的再生植株     

泡桐叶片蛋白质多态性及其聚类分析

研究了9种泡桐叶片蛋白质的多态性,并根据其叶片蛋白质聚丙烯酰胺凝胶单向和双向电泳结果,将它们聚类为白花泡桐组[白花泡桐（Paulownia fortunei）和白花兰泡桐（P.elongata f.allba）]、南方泡桐组[南方泡桐（P.australis )和成都泡桐（P.albiphloea var.chengtuensis)]和毛泡桐组（毛泡桐（P.tomentosa）、川泡桐（P.fargesii）、鄂川泡桐（P.albiphloea）、山明泡桐（P.lamprophylla）和兰考泡桐（P.elon-gata）]。该结果可为了解泡桐属植物的亲缘关系和种的鉴定提供参考依据。     

泡桐属植物染色体数目和形态的初步研究

本文报道了毛泡桐,白花泡桐和兰考泡桐的体细胞染色体数目均为2n=40。这与已报道的紫葳科大多数木本植物染色体数目是一致的,而与玄参科的大部分届不同。结合形态特征,认为将泡桐属归于紫葳科可能是更为合理的。并对白花泡桐和兰考泡桐的核型进行了初步分析。     

菊花叶盘片转基因再生体系的优化选择

以菊花(Dendranthema morifolium)无菌苗叶片为外植体,在芽诱导培养基上直接诱导植株再生,优化选择菊花转基因再生体系.筛选出了能直接诱导芽再生的培养基(MS 6-BA3 mg·L-1 NAA 1 mg·L-1).茎段在有IBA和NAA的1/2MS培养基上诱导生根.生根的小苗在温室里生长良好.     

High frequency adventitious shoot regeneration from excised leaves ofPaulownia spp. cultured in vitro

High frequency, direct regeneration of shoots was induced in leaf cultures ofPaulownia tomentosa, P. fortunei x P. tomentosa andP. kawakamii. The optimum culture medium for the leaf explants derived from shoot cultures was Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10 M indole-3-acetic acid and 50 M benzyladenine. Up to 40 shoots were obtained over a 4 month culture period from each leaf explant. Rooting occurred spontaneously in the shoots that were about 1 cm tall when subcultured on phytohormone-free MS medium. The plantlets could be transplanted successfully. Some of the transplantedP. tomentosa plantlets flowered in the greenhouse one year after transplanting. The protocol is suitable not only for rapid multiplication of the various species ofPaulownia, but also for analytical studies associated with adventitious shoot regeneration.     

泡桐属七种植物的RAPD分析

利用 1 3个 1 0 mer的随机引物对中国泡桐属的 7个种进行了 RAPD分析 ,对扩增形成的谱带进行了对比 ,发现 7个种间存在较丰富的多态性带纹。经用 UPGMA法聚类结果说明可把研究的 7个种分成 2个类群。其中白花泡桐与川泡桐亲缘关系最近 ,二者与揪叶泡桐、南方泡桐、山明泡桐归为 1个类群。毛泡桐与兰考泡桐亲缘关系也较近 ,二者在系统演化上比较原始 ,归为 1个类群。     

High Frequency Plant Regeneration from Nodal Explants of Paulownia elongata

Abstract: High frequency of plant regeneration from Paulownia elongata was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and Woody Plant Medium (WPM), with appropriate supplements of growth regulators. Leaves, leaves with petioles, internodes and nodes excised from 3-month-old non-aseptically grown P. elongata were used as explants. The highest shoot regeneration efficiency (93.7 %) was obtained from the nodes of P. elongata on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/ml naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 1 mg/ml 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest root formation efficiency (100 %) from the regenerated shoots was obtained on WPM supplemented with 1 mg/ml indolebutyric acid (IBA). Rooted plantlets were transplanted to soil with a survival efficiency of almost 100 %. The regeneration system reported here could be useful for rapid multiplication of elite genotypes of P. elongata in a short period of time.     

泡桐属的数量分类研究

本文对泡桐属进行了数量分析研究。结果表明:泡桐属宜分为三个组:即白花泡桐组, 毛泡桐组、楸叶泡桐组。同时对某些种的分类问题进行了探讨。     

In vitro tuberization of potato clones from different maturity groups

Summary In vitro tuberization on shoot cultures of early, mid-season, late and very late potatoes was compared. Shoots were grown at 12, 16, or 20 h photoperiods; tuberization was then induced at 0, 8 or 16 h light. In the dark, shoots from early plants initially grown at 16 h consistently set tubers earlier than the other types, whereas the very late line tuberized later and produced significantly fewer tubers. Tuber setting of mid-season plants could not be distinguished from the late type. Tuberization of the very late line was significantly hastened by shortening the photoperiod from 20 h to 12 h during the shoot growth period. Light during tuber induction delayed tuberization. This system may be useful to screen callus-derived plants for maturity, and may also be suitable for in vitro study of the photoperiodic control of tuberization.     

Micropropagation of Paulownia fortuneii through in vitro axillary shoot proliferation

Primary cultures were established with nodal segments from juvenile shoots of two- year-old Paulownia fortuneii trees from a clonal plantation in Andhra Pradesh. A medium containing half-strength MS salts + RAP (1 mg/L) + sucrose (2%) produced optimum bud break in nodal explants. The same basal medium with reduced hormone level (0.5 mg/L) supported maximum multiplication of secondary cultures of P. fortuneii (1:6 in 6 weeks). Specific treatments were tested to enhance this rate of multiplication. In one approach, five to six week old in vitro grown shoots were ratooned (cutting the main shoot at the bottom leaving one node). The stumps (ratooned basal node) produced 2 to 3 axillary shoots, which grew into 4 to 5 nodes by 3 weeks; thus, providing additional shoots from the same explant. This provided 30% additional shoots in 4 cycles. Secondly, reducing the light intensity to 1200 lux resulted in higher shoot elongation, i.e, formation of 8 nodes in 5 weeks with healthier shoots than the normal intensity of 3000 lux under which only 6 nodes were produced in 6 weeks. In vitro-grown shoots could be successfully rooted ex vitro in vermiculite + cocopeat mixture (1:1 v/v) under 90% humidity, transferred to soil in polybags for hardening in the green house for 2 weeks and shifted to shade net for further hardening. After one month, the plants could be successfully transplanted to field with 95% survival. Micropropagated plants showed an excellent growth in the field attaining a height of 1.5 m and a collar diameter of 2.8 cm in 3 months.     

Efficient shoot regeneration from internodal explants of Populus angustifolia, Populus balsamifera and Populus deltoids

In the present study, interactions between the duration of treatment with auxin and different cytokinins and their effect on shoot regeneration were evaluated with the aim to establish a rapid and efficient in vitro regeneration method applicable to a variety of Populus species. Three different species, Populus angustifolia, P. balsamifera, and P. deltoids, were chosen for that purpose. We were successful in regenerating plantlets from stem and petiole explants from all three chosen species using a four-step simple procedure. The first step was callus induction when the explants were exposed to an auxin-rich medium for 0-20 days. During the second step, they were transferred onto a cytokinin-rich medium for shoot bud induction. In the third step, the shoots regenerated were transferred onto a medium with reduced levels of cytokinins to promote shoot proliferation and elongation; finally, in the fourth step, the shoots were rooted and acclimated. A short period (6-10 days) of time of exposure to auxin was sufficient for shoot regeneration. A culture time longer than ten days in callus induction medium drastically reduced the efficiency of shoot regeneration. Besides, cytokinin type and concentration also affected the frequency of shoot induction. A 0.2 mg/l concentration of 2,4-D for callus induction followed by 0.02 mg/l of Thidiazuron for shoot formation proved to be the best treatment for adventitious shoot bud multiplication, generating a maximum of 10-13 shoots of P. balsamifera and P. angustifolia in ten weeks. In contrast, for P. deltoids, a combination of 1.1mg/l 2,4-D, 1.0mg/l NAA, 0.1mg/l zeatin for callus induction followed by a combination of 1mg/l zeatin plus 1.0mg/l BA for shoot bud induction was found to be the most effective, generating on average 15 shoots over a period of ten weeks.