大赖草及近缘物种原位杂交和Southern杂交的分析

用Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍｂｅｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ（Ｓａｖｕｌ．＆Ｒａｙｓ）Ａ．Ｌｖｅ的基因组ＤＮＡ作探针,分别与大赖草Ｌｅｙｍｕｓｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓ（Ｌａｍ．）Ｔｚｖｅｌ．和脆轴偃麦草Ｔｈ．ｊｕｎｃｅｕｍ（Ｓａｖｕｌ．＆Ｒａｙｓ）Ａ．Ｌｖｅ的体细胞杂交,大赖草的１４对染色体均出现杂交信号,脆轴偃麦草只有７对染色体有杂交信号。在用重复ＤＮＡ序列ＰＨｖ６２作探针的原位杂交中,Ｔｈ．ｂｅｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ有４对染色体有杂交信号,大赖草有１３对染色体显示杂交信号,新麦草Ｐｓａｔｈｙｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓｊｕｎｃｅａ（Ｆｉｓｃｈ．）Ｎｅｖｓｋｉ和脆轴偃麦草无杂交信号。用ＰＨｖ６２作探针的Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果与原位杂交相似。在被检测的１２个普通小麦大赖草异源染色体系中,除二体附加系中５Ｌｒ＃１和双二体附加系１Ｌｒ＃１＋５Ｌｒ＃１没有杂交信号外,其余的异染色体系与ＰＨｖ６２都有特异杂交信号。据此推测Ｔｈ．ｂｅｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ有可能参予了赖草属物种的形成过程。但是,大赖草的染色体组在进化过程中显然已发生过变异。     

THINOPYRUM BESSARABICUM和THINOPYRUM ELONGATUM的基 …

对２个八倍体Ｃ．Ｓ－Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍ ｂｅｓｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ（ＡＡＢＢＤＤＪＪ,２ｎ＝８ｘ＝５６）和Ｇｏｓｈａｗｋ（ＧＨＫ）－Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍ ｅｌｏｎｇａｔｕｍ（ＡＡＢＢＤＤＥＥ,２ｎ＝８ｘ＝５６）的根尖细胞染色体进行Ｃ－分带,从中分检出Ｔｈ．ｂｅｓｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ和Ｔｈ．ｅｌｏｎｇａｔｕｍ的各自染色体进行核型分析,结果表明：Ｔｈ．ｂｅｓｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ和Ｔｈ．ｅｌｏｎｇａｔｕｍ的     

将Thinopyrum bessarabicum和Thinopyrum elongatum的种质导？…

２个双倍体即Ｃ．Ｓ－Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍ ｂｅｓｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ（ＡＡＢＢＤＤＪＪ ２ｎ＝８ｘ＝５６）和ＧＨＫ－Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍ ｅｌｏｎｇａｔｕｍ（ＡＡＢＢＤＤＥＥ ２ｎ＝８ｘ＝５６）与普通小麦“中国春”杂交,获得了２个七倍体杂种。对２３个双倍体、中国春、杂种Ｆ１和部分Ｆ２进行麦谷蛋白ＳＤＳ－Ｐａｇｅ电泳,及结合染色体分带技术和田间赤霉病抗性鉴定筛选出由Ｔｈ．ｂｅｓｓａｒａｂｉｃｕｍ和Ｔｈ     

利用减数分裂期成株电离辐射选育小麦—大赖草易位系的研究

采用６００１１２５Ｒ剂量的６０Ｃｏγ射线对小麦（ＴｒｉｔｉｃｕｍａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）大赖草（Ｌｅｙｍｕｓｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓ（Ｌａｍ．）Ｔｚｖｅｌ．）Ｌｒ．７单体异附加系在减数分裂期进行成株辐射处理,经过Ｍ１代根尖细胞有丝分裂中期（ＲＴＣ,Ｍ期）染色体ＧｉｅｍｓａＣ分带粗筛,Ｍ２代ＲＴＣＭ期染色体Ｃ分带和荧光原位杂交鉴定,选育出２个小麦大赖草Ｌｒ．７异易位系。其中Ｔ０２易位系是由Ｌｒ．７染色体绝大部分与一小片段小麦染色体接在一起组成的易位类型（ＴＬｒ．７·Ｌｒ．７Ｗ）;Ｔ０８的易位染色体由小麦４ＡＬ和大赖草Ｌｒ．７某臂组成。     

将大赖草种质转移给普通小麦的研究：VI.端体异附加系的选育与鉴定

利用根尖细胞有丝分裂中期染色体计数,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期１（ＰＭＣ ＭＩ）染色体构型分析仪及Ｃ－分带,从普通小麦中国春与大赖草（ＬｅｙｍｕｓｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓＬａｍ．）杂种回交后代中,选育出两个端二体异附加系９５Ｇ０９,９５Ｇ１１和一个添加了一对大赖草第１４号染色体和另一对端体的双重异附加系９５Ｇ３０２（２ｎ＝４４＋２ｔ）,它们的ＰＭＣ ＭＩ染色体配对构型分别为０．２１个单价体（其中０．１６个端     

广西广义山蚂蝗属部分种类的核型及染色体数目报道

本文分析了广义山蚂蝗属６种１变种的核型,并报道了９种１亚种的染色体数目。假地豆Ｄｅｓｍｏｄｉｕｍｈｅｔｅｒｏｃａｒｐｏｎ（Ｌ．）ＤＣ．,伏毛假地豆Ｄ．ｈｅｔｅｒｏｃｏｒｐｏ。（Ｌ．）ＤＣ．ｖａｒ．ｓｔｒｉｇｏｓｕｍｖａｎＭｅｅｕｗｅｎ,单叶假地豆Ｄ．ｒｕｂｒｕｍ（Ｌｏｕｒ．）ＤＣ．．金钱草Ｄ．ｓｔｙｒａｃｉｆｏｌｉｕｍ（Ｏｓｂｅｃｋ．）Ｍｅｒｒ．及假木豆Ｄｅｎｄｒｏｌｏｂｉｕｍｔｒｉａｎｇｕｌａｒｅ（Ｒｅｔｚ．）Ｓｃｈｉｎｄｌ．的核型均为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２２＝２２ｍ,属１Ａ类型．但它们的染色体相对长度变化范围有一定的差异,假木豆的较大,假地豆的较小。舞草Ｃｏｄｏｒｉｏｃａｌｙｘｍｏｔｏｒｉｕｓ（Ｈｏｕｔｔ．）Ｏｈａｓｈｉ和圆叶舞草Ｃ．ｇｙｒｏｉｄｅｓ（Ｒｏｘｂ．ｅｘＬｉｎｋ．）Ｈａｓｓｋ．的核型为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２２＝２２ｍ,有的细胞可见随体染色体,属１Ｂ类型．根据核型资料比较．作者发现狭义的舞草属比狭义的山蚂螟属和假木豆属较为进化。本文还报道大叶山蚂蝗ＤｅｓｍｏｄｉｕｍｌａｘｉｆｌｏｒｕｍＤＣ,波叶山蚂蝗Ｄ．ｓｅｑｕａｘＷａｌｌ．绒毛山蚂蝗Ｄ．ｖｅｌｕｔｉｎｕｍ（Ｗｉｌｌｄ．）ＤＣ,异叶山绿豆Ｄ．ｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈ?     

三种姬鼠的染色体比较研究

本文采用染色体分带技术（Ｇ－,Ｃ－带和银染色）,对中华姬鼠（Ａｐｏｄｅｍｕｓｄｒａｃｏ）、大林姬鼠（Ａ．ｐｅｎｉｎｓｕｌａｅ）和大耳姬鼠（Ａ．ｌａｔｒｏｎｕｍ）的核型进行了观察分析。结果表明：３种姬鼠的２ｎ均为４８。中华姬鼠的染色体均为端着丝点染色体。大林姬鼠的常规核型中,除１对中着丝点染色体（Ｎｏ．２３）外,其余均为端着丝点染色体。大耳姬鼠的核型中,有１３对端着丝点染色体,２对亚端着丝点染色体,１对亚中着丝点染色体和７对中着丝点染色体。中华姬鼠Ｃ－带核型中,所有染色体着丝点Ｃ－带都呈强阳性,异染色质非常丰富,Ｙ染色体整条深染。在大林姬鼠Ｃ－带核型中,Ｎｏｓ．７,１１,１５,２１,２２着丝点Ｃ－带弱化甚至近阴性,其余染色体着丝点异染色质Ｃ－带都呈现程度不同的阳性。且Ｎｏｓ．２,４,７有强弱不同的端位异染色质带。Ｘ染色体着丝点区有大块的异染色质斑带出现,Ｙ染色体整条深染。大耳姬鼠除Ｎｏｓ．３,４,１０,１２,１３染色体着丝点Ｃ－带很弱外,其余染色体着丝点Ｃ－带均呈阳性,并有８对（Ｎｏｓ．１６－２３）染色体出现异染色质短臂。从总体上看,大林姬鼠和大耳姬鼠的着丝点异染色质明显比中华姬鼠的少。中华姬鼠的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ     

赖草的种间和属间杂种胚胎培养研究

以小麦族赖草属植物的６个种：赖草（Ｌｅｙｍｕｓｓｅｃａｌｉｎｕｓ）、窄颖赖草（Ｌ．ａｎｇｕｓｔｕｓ）、单小穗赖草（Ｌ．ａｅｍｕｌａｎｓ）、多枝赖草（Ｌ．ｍｕｌｔｉｃａｕｌｉｓ）、大赖草（Ｌ．ｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓ）和天山赖草（Ｌ．ｔｉａｎｓｈａｎｉｃｕｓ）作试验材料,分别组配成５个种间杂交组合,并与新麦草属（Ｐｓａｔｈｙｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓ）、鹅观草属（Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ）以及Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍ属组配成９个属间杂交组合。应用胚胎培养技术,离体培养杂种胚胎,成功地拯救了赖草植物的种间和属间杂种。试验结果表明,杂种胚胎的胚龄、培养基的营养组成以及杂种基因型对离体胚胎的培养有明显影响。     

抗大麦黄矮病毒小麦——中间偃麦草二体异代换系的选育和细胞,生？…

结合花药培养和常规选育,从７７－５４３３＊中５杂交组合后代中选育出６个抗大麦黄矮病毒（ｂａｒｌｅｙ ｙｅｌｌｏｗ ｄｗａｒｒｆ ｖｉｒｕｓ,ＢＹＤＶ）、染色体数目为４２的小麦（Ｔｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）新种质,并用减数分裂配对分析、单体小麦测交法、基因组原位杂交、Ｃ分带、同工酶等电聚焦和ＲＡＰＤ对上述材料进行了综合鉴定;表明这些材料都是小麦－中间偃麦草（Ａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎ ｉｎｔｅｒ     

七种药用植物的染色体研究

对山东７种药用植物的染色体进行了研究。结果表明：田旋花（ＣｏｎｖｏｌｖｕｌｕｓａｒｖｅｎｓｉｓＬ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝７８;蜜柑草（ＰｈｙｌａｎｔｈｕｓｍａｔｓｕｍｕｒａｅＨａｖａｔａ）的染色体数目为ｎ＝８８;挂红灯（ＰｈｙｓａｌｉｓａｌｋｅｋｅｎｇｉＬｖａｒｆｒａｎｃｈｅｔｉ（Ｍａｓｔ）Ｍａｋｉｎｏ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝２４,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝２ｍ＋１８ｓｍ＋２ｓｔ＋２ｓｔ（ｓａｔ）,核型“２Ａ”型;无剌曼陀罗（ＤａｔｕｒａｓｔｒａｍｏｎｉｕｍＬｖａｒｉｎｅｒｍｉｓ（Ｊａｃｑ）ＳｃｈｉｎｚｅｔＴｈｅｌ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝２４,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２４＝２０ｍ＋４ｓｍ,核型“１Ｂ”型;决明（ＣａｓｉａｔｏｒａＬ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝２６,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２６＝２４ｍ＋２ｓｍ,核型“１Ａ”型;荔枝草（ＳａｌｖｉａｐｌｅｂｅｉａＲＢｒ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝１６,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１６＝６ｍ＋１０ｓｍ,核型“２Ａ”型;车前（ＰｌａｎｔａｇｏａｓｉａｔｉｃａＬ）的染色体数目为２ｎ＝３６,核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝３６＝３２ｍ＋４ｓｍ,核型“１Ａ”型。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.