分叉双歧杆菌对小鼠腹水瘤的抑制作用

本文观察了分叉双歧杆菌对小鼠腹腔移植的淋巴细胞腹水瘤(SRS)的抑制作用。结果发现,分叉双歧杆菌在SRS瘤细胞移植前或移植后应用,均能明显抑制瘤细胞的生长,特别在移植后应用,抗瘤效果更显著。主要表现为荷瘤小鼠存活时间延长、存活率提高。将该菌预先进行处理或不处理后加入体外培养的SRS瘤细胞中,发现该菌对离体的瘤细胞生长也有直接抑制作用。     

双歧杆菌的抗癌效应及其机制的初步研究

双歧杆菌是一种重要的革兰氏阳性无芽胞厌氧杆菌,是人类肠道正常菌群中的优势菌种。本文观察了在改变栖生环境的情况下,双歧杆菌作为生物反应调节剂发挥抗肿瘤作用及其对单核巨噬细胞的激活作用。６１５小鼠在腹腔或皮下接种肝癌Ｈ２２／Ｆ２３后,从第１天起每隔３天腹腔或皮下两种途径注射双歧杆菌进行治疗,结果表明在瘤内注射给药时显示显著的抑瘤作用。双歧杆菌激活的腹腔渗出细胞（ＰＥＣ）在形态学上表现为细胞表面积增大,细胞皱褶增多;在功能上则表现为杀瘤活性增强,激活的ＰＥＣ经Ｗｉｎｎａｓｓａｙ证明对肿瘤生长的早期或中期有明显的抑制作用,用ＭＴＴ比色法测定细胞毒进一步证实激活的ＰＥＣ在体外具有直接杀瘤作用。实验结果提示双歧杆菌激活单核一巨噬细胞是其发挥抗肿瘤作用的重要机制。由于该菌为生理性细菌,对宿主无致病性,所以其较目前已在临床上广泛应用的其它非特异性生物反应调节剂如ＯＫ４３２、卡介苗等可能更具优越性,值得深入研究。     

稀土元素对两歧双歧杆菌生长的影响

目的：报道不同浓度稀土元素铈和镧（1－1000ug/ml)对两歧双歧杆菌生长的影响。方法：试管培养与连续厌氧培养法,结果：当两种稀土元素浓度大于300ug/ml时,双歧杆菌的生长明显受到抑制,当稀土元素浓度在100－200ug/ml时,对双歧杆菌生长有轻微抑制,低浓度的稀土元素对双歧杆菌无刺激生长作用,稀土元素（100ug/ml)对厌氧连续培养的双歧杆菌同样有明显的抑制作用,随着稀土元素被洗脱,细胞的生长才逐渐缓慢恢复,试管培养中加入一定浓度稀土元素（100ug/ml),连续取样检查,也可观察到稀土元素对双歧杆菌的抑制情况,结论：一定浓度稀土元素铈和镧对双歧杆菌生长有促进作用。     

双歧杆菌DM8504菌苗对小鼠肝癌抑制作用及对免疫功能影响的初步研究

本实验对双歧杆菌ＤＭ８５０４菌苗抗小鼠肝癌及对其免疫功能的影响进行了研究。通过测定植瘤后小鼠生存率、平均存活期及抑瘤率和几项免疫学指标来评价。实验结果表明,该菌苗可明显降低植瘤小鼠死亡率并延长其平均存活期,以预防及治疗两种途径给予该菌苗可使ＮＫ细胞活性增高、巨噬细胞消化能力增强,并可提高脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ的增殖反应性及血清中ＴＮＦ－α的活性。本文提示,ＤＭ８５０４菌苗具有一定的抗肿瘤作用及免疫调节能力。     

不同方法生产的短棒状杆菌生物学活性比较

提高短棒状杆菌疫苗临床疗效,解决接种后局部硬结,发烧等不良副反应。在菌体菌苗的基础上,采用超声、破碎、离心、胰酶消化脱脂的方法提取细胞壁做脾激活抑瘤试验生物学检定。结果显示,纯化的短棒状杆菌细胞壁可使小鼠脾激活指数达到4.06。能抑制艾氏腹水瘤的生长,而菌体脾指数3.18。实验证实,纯化的短棒杆菌细胞壁菌苗的活性好于菌体菌苗。     

青春型双歧杆菌生态制品对小鼠肝癌抑制作用的初步研究

本文观察了青春型双歧杆菌(Bif.a)对小鼠肝癌移植瘤的抑制作用。结果发现,青春型双歧杆菌在瘤细胞移植前或移植后应用均显示了抑制肿瘤生长的作用。将青春型双歧杆菌注入肤腔可激活肤腔巨噬细胞,提高其吞噬功能和非特异性酯酶活性,而加入体外培养的小鼠肝癌细胞未显示有杀伤瘤细胞作用。认为青春型双歧杆菌的抑瘤作用可能是该菌刺激了宿主的免疫活性细胞杀伤了瘤细胞,而非直接杀伤作用。     

双歧杆菌及其发酵液的抗肿瘤机制的研究

目的 通过比较双歧杆菌及其发酵液的抗肿瘤作用,对其抑瘤作用和相关机制进行初步探讨。方法 取BALB／c小鼠,分别予H22细胞和S180细胞腹腔荷瘤,荷瘤后给予不同的治疗。分别观察2种肿瘤细胞荷瘤小鼠的生存期。右腋下荷瘤后,进行病理切片观察。MTT法计算给予不同方法后的抑瘤率。并计算淋巴细胞转化率。制备电镜标本。观察其超微结构。结果 双歧杆菌死菌液、活菌液能够延长荷瘤小鼠的生存期,而双歧杆菌发酵液不能延长其生存期,病理切片可见作用后的肿瘤组织内部和间质有大量炎性细胞浸润。双歧杆菌死菌液、活菌液对肿瘤细胞株有抑杀作用。电镜观察死菌液作用后的H22细胞可见典型的凋亡表现。结论 双歧杆菌死菌液、活菌液在体内外均有较好的抑瘤作用,其发酵液并未显示出抑瘤作用。说明双歧杆菌的抗肿瘤作用主要来源于菌体的作用。     

厌氧棒状杆菌生物学活性的初步研究

报告厌氧棒状杆菌活菌制剂的生物学活性毒性低于死菌制剂;抑瘤活性随用量增加而增高。     

双歧杆菌的厌氧机理及其基因调控

自从 18 99年法国学者 Tissier发现双歧杆菌以来 ,至今已有 10 0多年历史。研究表明 ,双歧杆菌是人体肠道菌群的重要组成部分 ,是人体肠道中主要的生理性细菌。有关双歧杆菌的生理功能的研究已经有很多的报道 ,也取得了巨大的研究成果。然而 ,由于双歧杆菌是专性厌氧的、革兰阳性细菌 ,对营养要求比较严格 ,生产操作比较困难 ,极大地限制了它在食品中的应用。目前对双歧杆菌的分子生物学研究比较滞后 ,双歧杆菌的厌氧机理还不是十分清楚 ,因此制约了从分子水平上对双歧杆菌进行研究。本文就双歧杆菌的厌氧机理和基因调控方面的最新研究情况…     

双歧杆菌对实验性大肠癌诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达的影响

目的:用免疫组化法观察大肠癌移植瘤诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的表达。方法:以大肠癌裸鼠移植瘤为动物模型,将青春型双歧杆菌注射于裸鼠腹腔。结果:显示双歧杆菌注射组大肠癌移植瘤iNOS的表达率、表达强度和阳性细胞数量均显著高于肿瘤对照组(P<0.01)。结论:青春型双歧杆菌能增强大肠癌移植瘤iNOS的蛋白表达水平。它的表达可能介导了双歧杆菌诱导大肠癌移植瘤细胞的凋亡。     

双歧杆菌对免疫抑制小鼠白色念珠菌感染的保护作用

为探讨双歧杆菌对白色念珠菌感染的保护作用,作者采用环磷酰胺腹腔注射方法复制了免疫抑制小鼠模型,研究白色念珠菌感染前后两歧双歧杆菌灌饲的保护作用。结果表明：白色念珠菌感染前灌饲两歧双歧杆菌能有效地抑制白色念珠菌在小鼠肠道中的定植,并且保护肠粘膜的完整性。对其机理的研究认为,两歧双歧杆菌可能是通过调整肠道菌群平衡、增加肠道中生理菌群的数量、降低肠道ｐＨ值、以及产生抗菌物质等途径发挥保护作用     

双歧杆菌防治鼠伤寒沙门菌感染的实验研究

目的　以小鼠为模型,研究双歧杆菌在体内对鼠伤寒沙门菌（Ｓａｌｍｏｎｅｌｌａ ｔｙｐｈｉｍｕｒｉｕｍ ,ＳＴＭ） 感染的防治作用。方法　分别用大剂量悉复欢、Ｂ．ｂｉｆｉｄｕｍ 、生理盐水（ＮＳ） 给三组小鼠灌胃,再用ＳＴＭ 攻击,观察小鼠经上述不同处理前后肠道双歧杆菌数量和ＳＴＭ 攻击后粪便ＳＴＭ 培养阳性率,阳性标本ＳＴＭ 分离值及小鼠ＳＴＭ 感染率;同时用双歧杆菌、悉复欢、双歧杆菌加悉复欢分别治疗ＳＴＭ 感染的小鼠,观察并比较疗效。结果　１． 大剂量悉复欢使用可使小鼠肠道内双歧杆菌明显降低,而双歧杆菌灌胃则肠道双歧杆菌明显增多。双歧杆菌灌胃的小鼠粪便ＳＴＭ培养阳性率、阳性粪便ＳＴＭ 值明显低于用大剂量悉复欢和ＮＳ 的小鼠,小鼠ＳＴＭ 感染发病率也明显较低。２． 对于ＳＴＭ 感染鼠,双歧杆菌与悉复欢联合治疗效果最好。结论　１． 双歧杆菌在体内对ＳＴＭ 有拮抗作用;能预防和减少ＳＴＭ 感染发生;２． 在ＳＴＭ 感染时,先用悉复欢,再用双歧杆菌可以达到预期疗效,双歧杆菌对鼠伤寒沙门菌感染有辅助治疗作用。     

The effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum OFR9, a strain resistant to antituberculosis and antileprosy agents,on fecal flora in mice

Since Bifidobacterium bifidum, one of the strains of medical preparations used for human intestinal disorders, is sensitive to rifampicin (RFP) and fluoroquinolones, its therapeutic effect cannot be guaranteed when it is administered concomitantly with these antibiotics. To develop new strains of B. bifidum that are resistant to these drugs, B. bifidum RFR61, which is highly resistant to RFP, was selected by the N-methyl-N'-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) mutation method. Then, B. bifidum OFR9 was selected in vitro from B. bifidum RFR61 by serial passage to increasing concentrations of ofloxacin (OFLX) on a solid medium. The minimal inhibition concentrations (MIC) of RFP and fluoroquinolones for B. bifidum OFR9 were >256 mg/ml and 16-256 &mgr;g/ml, respectively. We investigated the effects of B. bifidum OFR9 on the fecal bacterial flora of mice administered with both antibiotics and B. bifidum OFR9. The results showed that the concurrent use of B. bifidum OFR9 and antibiotics prevented the decrease of bifidobacteria, and quickly restored the flora to normal as compared with the use of antibiotic or parent strain therapy alone. The survival of Shigella organisms in mouse feces rapidly decreased, and were removed within two days as a result of the oral administration of B. bifidum OFR9.     

A mouse model for immunotherapy of osteosarcoma

Summary Various combinations of the prostaglandins synthetase inhibitors, aspirin or indomethacin, and Corynebacterium parvum were used as adjunctive therapy to surgery in the treatment of the metastasizing Dunn osteosarcoma C3H/HeJ mice. In doses corresponding to those that could be tolerated by humans all three agents given singly reduced the number and estimated weight of metastases whether they were administered pre-operatively or post-operatively. When the two modalities of therapy were combined a significant additive anti-tumour effect was observed with both C. parvum and aspirin and C. parvum and indomethacin, but only if treatment was commenced pre-operatively. Similar results were obtained with two other metastasizing tumours, viz. the B16 melanoma and the Lewis lung carcinoma. In the absence of any evidence for an interaction between the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors and circulating tumour cells, it was felt that the additive effect could be best explained in terms of interference with prostaglandin-mediated negative feedback of the anti-tumour action of C. parvum.     

Encapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum potentiates intestinal IgA production

We asked whether Bifidobacterium bifidum regulates the synthesis of IgA by mucosal lymphoid cells. B. bifidum alone, but not Clostridium perfringens, significantly induced total IgA and IgM synthesis by both mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and Peyer's patch (PP) cells. We, further, investigated the mucosal antibody production following peroral administration of B. bifidum to mice. Ingested B. bifidum significantly increased the number of Ig (IgM, IgG, and IgA) secreting cells in the culture of both MLN and spleen cells. Nonetheless, B. bifidum itself does not induce the own specific antibody responses, implying that B. bifidum does not provoke unnecessary immune reaction. Subsequently, it was found that encapsulation of B. bifidum further augments the total IgA production in the culture of both MLN and spleen cells. Finally, we found that the immuno-stimulating activity of B. bifidum is due to its cellular components but not due to any actively secreting component(s) from bacteria.     

A mouse model for immunotherapy of osteosarcoma

Summary Corynebacterium parvum therapy of pulmonary micrometastases after amputation of the primary tumour has been studied in the Dunn osteosarcoma tumour of C3H/HeJ mice. Adjuvant antimetastatic C. parvum is efficacious in both intact and T cell-deficient mice. Repeated small doses of C. parvum have been shown to be as effective as or more effective than large single doses, and this finding was confirmed in two other metastasizing tumour models: the B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma. Commencing C. parvum preoperatively produces a greater reduction in weight of pulmonary metastases than postoperative therapy, although both are effective. C. parvum can reduce the enhanced growth of lung metastases produced by amputation of the primary tumour. The most effective route of administration was intravenous, followed by intraperitoneal therapy; and subcutaneous administration had no effect. Where measured, spleen weights correlated well with the therapeutic efficacy of the particular C. parvum regimen. As a result of these experiments showing effective use of C. parvum in doses that could be administered to man, certain implications for human immunotherapy are discussed.     

双歧杆菌体外对STM拮抗作用的实验研究

研究休外双歧杆菌对鼠伤寒沙门菌的拮抗作用,方法将两歧双歧杆菌ＳＴＭ混合培养。观察ＳＴＭ生长情况。结果ＳＴＭ和Ｂ．ｂｉｆｉｄｕｍ混合培养与ＳＴＭ单独培养对照相比较,菌量明显降低。结论Ｂ．ｂｉｆｉｄｕｍ在体外对ＳＴＭ有拮抗作用。