蜗牛酶中一种人参皂苷Rb1水解酶的分离纯化

通过DEAE-Sepharose离子交换分段层析,DEAE-Sepharose离子交换梯度层析和Sephadex G100凝胶过滤层析三种方法的联用从中华白玉蜗牛消化酶中分离出一种人参皂苷Rb1水解酶。分离后该酶在SDS-PAGE上呈单一蛋白质条带。应用SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤层析对分子量的测定,提示该酶是由4个分子量为110～115 kD的相同亚基组成的同源四聚体。Rb1为底物的动力学参数K_m和V_max分别为0.790 mmol/L和10.192 μmol/min/mg。该酶对人参皂苷Rb₁糖键进行有选择的水解,可水解人参皂苷Rb₁C₂₀位的一个糖苷键生成人参皂苷Rd。     

毁灭柱孢菌中一种人参皂苷Rb1水解酶的纯化及酶学性质研究

通过DEAE-纤维素阴离子交换层析、30％～80％（NH3）2SO3盐析、Sepharose CL-6B凝胶过滤层析和Mono Q HR5／5阴离子交换层析,从毁灭枉孢菌培养液中部分纯化出一种能够水解人参皂苷Rb,的β-葡萄糖苷酶F-I。F—I具有较好的pH稳定性和热稳定性,在pH4．0～11．0范围内和55℃以下表现出良好的β-葡萄糖苷酶活性,其最适pH为5．0,最适温度为55℃。EDTA、Cu^2＋和Zn^2＋对该酶活性有较强的抑制作用。底物专一性分析表明,F—I能高特异性水解人工合成的底物pNPG,还能水解β-葡萄糖苷键连接的二糖如纤维二糖和龙胆二糖,说明此酶为一种β-葡萄糖苷酶。F—I对人参皂苷Rb1表现了较强的水解活性,而对人参皂苷Rb2和Rc的水解活性较低。该酶水解人参皂苷Rb1的路径为Rb1→Rd→F2→C—K。F—I对人参皂苷Rb1的这种高效水解为稀有人参皂苷的工业制备奠定了基础。     

一种来源于蜗牛酶的β-葡萄糖苷酶的纯化

通过DEAE-Sepharose离子交换分段层析、DEAE-Sepharose离子交换梯度层析和Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤层析三种方法的联用,从中华白玉蜗牛消化酶中提纯出一种β-葡萄糖苷酶。该酶在SDS-PAGE上呈单一蛋白质条带。应用SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤层析测定其分子量,提示该酶是由4个分子量为110~115 kD的相同亚基组成的同源四聚体。pNPG为底物的动力学参数Km和Vmax分别为0.182 mmol/L和0.189μmol/(min.mg)。     

一种来源于Leifsonia shinshuensis DICP 16菌体的β-D-木糖苷酶的分离纯化及其性质

采用盐析、DE 52、Q-Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换层析、Toyopearl Butyl 650C疏水层析以及Sephacryl S-300 HR凝胶过滤层析联用的方法, 从Leifsonia shinshuensis DICP 16菌体中纯化出一种β-木糖苷酶.分离后该酶在SDS-PAGE 上呈单一蛋白质条带, 通过SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤层析法, 测得该酶是一个由两个分子量约为91 kD的相同亚基组成的同源二聚体.其水解对硝基苯酚木糖苷(pNPX)的最适反应温度为55°C, pH值为7.0.该木糖苷酶在45°C以下, pH 6.0～11.0之间具有很好的稳定性.在45°C, pH值为7.0的条件下, 水解pNPX的Km, Vmax分别为1.04 mmol/L, 0.095 mmol/(min·mg).研究不同的金属离子对该酶的活性影响, 发现Fe2+和Cu2+是很强的抑制剂.通过对天然木糖苷化合物的水解测试, 发现该酶可以水解人参皂苷Rb3的木糖基, 产生人参皂苷Rd, 却不能水解紫杉烷木糖苷的木糖基.     

一种来源于Leifsonia shinshuensis DICP 16菌体的b-D-木糖苷酶的分离纯化及其性质

采用盐析、DE 52、Q-Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换层析、Toyopearl Butyl 650C疏水层析以及Sephacryl S-300 HR凝胶过滤层析联用的方法, 从Leifsonia shinshuensis DICP 16菌体中纯化出一种b-木糖苷酶。分离后该酶在SDS-PAGE 上呈单一蛋白质条带, 通过SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤层析法, 测得该酶是一个由两个分子量约为91 kD的相同亚基组成的同源二聚体。其水解对硝基苯酚木糖苷(pNPX)的最适反应温度为55°C, pH值为7.0。该木糖苷酶在45°C以下, pH 6.0~11.0之间具有很好的稳定性。在45°C, pH值为7.0的条件下, 水解pNPX的Km, Vmax分别为1.04 mmol/L, 0.095 mmol/(min·mg)。研究不同的金属离子对该酶的活性影响, 发现Fe2+和Cu2+是很强的抑制剂。通过对天然木糖苷化合物的水解测试, 发现该酶可以水解人参皂苷Rb3的木糖基, 产生人参皂苷Rd, 却不能水解紫杉烷木糖苷的木糖基。     

一种来源于Leifsonia shinshuensis DICP 16菌体的b-D-木糖苷酶的分离纯化及其性质

采用盐析、DE 52、Q-Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换层析、Toyopearl Butyl 650C疏水层析以及Sephacryl S-300 HR凝胶过滤层析联用的方法, 从Leifsonia shinshuensis DICP 16菌体中纯化出一种b-木糖苷酶。分离后该酶在SDS-PAGE 上呈单一蛋白质条带, 通过SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤层析法, 测得该酶是一个由两个分子量约为91 kD的相同亚基组成的同源二聚体。其水解对硝基苯酚木糖苷(pNPX)的最适反应温度为55°C, pH值为7.0。该木糖苷酶在45°C以下, pH 6.0~11.0之间具有很好的稳定性。在45°C, pH值为7.0的条件下, 水解pNPX的Km, Vmax分别为1.04 mmol/L, 0.095 mmol/(min·mg)。研究不同的金属离子对该酶的活性影响, 发现Fe2+和Cu2+是很强的抑制剂。通过对天然木糖苷化合物的水解测试, 发现该酶可以水解人参皂苷Rb3的木糖基, 产生人参皂苷Rd, 却不能水解紫杉烷木糖苷的木糖基。     

银杏种仁中一种抗氧化活性蛋白的纯化及性质

银杏种仁经破碎,提取缓冲液4℃浸取后离心得上清液。上清液经硫酸铵沉淀,DEAE-52离子交换层析,MonoQ离子交换层析,UltroGelACA-54凝胶过滤层析后,分离得到一种具有抗氧化活性的蛋白。该蛋白经UltroGelACA-54凝胶过滤层析测定分子量为60 kD,经PAGE和SDS-PAGE鉴定均为单一蛋白质条带。SDS-PAGE测定其亚基分子量为10 kD。该蛋白具有一定的还原能力和清除超氧阴离子自由基及DPPH自由基能力,并在30～60℃温度下具有良好的稳定性。     

人参皂苷Rb3糖基水解酶的纯化及其反应特性

人参皂苷Rb3是三七茎叶皂苷的主要成分。为了充分利用廉价的三七茎叶皂苷,该研究以微生物Aspergillus sp. P90r菌为对象,综合运用生物转化的方法,经过提取、分离纯化和酶活力测定等步骤,最终以确定酶反应途径的方式得到了所产的特异性人参皂苷Rb3糖基水解酶的相关性质和动力学等反应特性。结果表明:该酶比Absidia sp. GRB3-X8r菌产酶活力高15%~25%,SDS-PAGE电泳结果测得分子量约为65.6ku,纯化后酶蛋白的含量为0.237 mg·mL~(-1),蛋白比活力可达到169 U·mg~(-1),纯化倍数为13.70,回收率为9.39%。人参皂苷Rb3糖基水解酶在pH=5.0的偏酸性环境下酶活力很高,最适反应条件:pH=3.0~5.0,温度45℃,其中在pH=4.0~6.0范围内相对稳定。该酶在20 min时进入混合级反应,酶反应米氏常数Km值为8.77 mmol·L~(-1),V_(max)为57.44 mmol·L~(-1)·h~(-1),在60 min时反应速度达到最大,Vmax趋于稳定,为66.63mmol·L~(-1)·h~(-1)。通过对酶的催化特性研究表明,该酶先水解Rb3的20-O-木糖基,其次水解3-O-葡萄糖基,最终催化反应产物中有F2和C-K生成。综上结果,微生物Aspergillus sp. P90r菌酶具有能水解人参皂苷Rb3木糖基和葡萄糖基的特异性。     

蜗牛酶中一种β-葡萄糖苷酶的纯化及酶学性质的研究

通过DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析和Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤层析的联用从中华白玉蜗牛消化酶中分离出1种具有人参皂苷Rb_1水解活性的β-葡萄糖苷酶.纯化后该酶在SDS-PAGE上呈单一蛋白质条带.反应最适pH为5.6,最适温度是80 ℃.pH稳定范围很广,在pH为4.0～11.0的溶液中和温度60 ℃以下保持长时间稳定状态,是一个耐碱和中等耐热的糖苷酶.Na~+、K~+、Li~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、EDTA、DTT和SDS不影响该酶活性,而Cu~(2+)、Ag~+和Fe~(3+)对该酶则具有明显的抑制作用.pNPG为底物的动力学参数Km和Vmax分别为0.182 mmol/L和0.189 μmol/(min·mg).     

Flavobacterium johnsoniae昆布多糖酶的分离纯化及其催化性质

约氏黄杆菌Flavobacterium johnsoniae具有分泌裂解酵母细胞壁酶系的能力,经初步分析发现其发酵液中具有葡聚糖酶、几丁质酶和蛋白酶等活性。通过离子交换层析、疏水层析和凝胶过滤层析,从该菌发酵液中分离纯化到一种昆布多糖酶。该酶分子量为35 kD左右,其最适反应温度为50°C,最适反应pH为5.0。以昆布多糖和昆布寡糖为底物的反应表明,该酶以内切酶作用模式进行催化水解。     

纤维素酶中具有壳聚糖水解酶活性成分的鉴定

在壳聚糖酶的研究过程中,目前已发现37种酶具有非专一性地降解壳聚糖的能力[1].对这些非专一性酶水解壳聚糖的机理有两种看法:一些人认为,由于这些酶大都来自商业酶制剂,未经过进一步的纯化,故有人认为其中所含的少量杂质可能是产生水解活力的原因;但也有人认为,在所有的酶制剂中都存在同一种杂质似乎是不可能的,因为这些酶来源于广泛的微生物、真菌、哺乳动物和植物等.众所周知,酶具有高度的专一性,即对所催化的反应和底物有严格的选择性,一种酶往往只能催化一种或一类反应;有如此多的不同种类的酶能非专一性地水解壳聚糖.因而探讨具有水解…     

Molecular characterization of bile salt hydrolase from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bi30

The present work describes the identification, purification, and characterization of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. The enzyme was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by hydrophobic chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and ultrafiltration. SDS-PAGE analysis of putative BSH and gel filtration revealed that the analyzed protein is presumably a tetramer composed of four monomers each of about 35 kDa. The purified enzyme was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to LTQ FT ICR mass spectrometry and unambiguously identified as a bile salt hydrolase from B. animalis. The isoelectric point of the studied protein was estimated to be around pH 4.9. The pH optimum of the purified BSH is between 4.7 to 6.5, and the temperature optimum is around 50 degrees C. The BSH of B. animalis could deconjugate all tested bile salts, with clear preference for glycine-conjugated bile salts over taurine-conjugated forms. Genetic analysis of the bsh showed high similarity to the previously sequenced bsh gene from B. animalis and confirmed the usefulness of bile salt hydrolase as a genetic marker for B. animalis identification.     

烟草磷酸吡哆醛水解酶的分离纯化与表征

采用硫酸铵沉淀、DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow阴离子交换、Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤和SP Sephadex C-25阳离子交换柱层析等步骤,对烟草磷酸吡哆醛水解酶进行了分离纯化。结果表明:该酶被纯化了119.6倍,得率为28.49%,经凝胶过滤和SDS-PAGE测得该酶的全分子量为49.6kDa,亚基分子量约为25kDa;该酶最适温度为50℃,最适反应pH为5.5;Mg2+、Ca2+、Mn2+等对该酶有激活作用,金属离子螯合剂EDTA对酶有抑制作用,加入Mg2+后抑制作用得到解除;在最适反应条件下,测得反应底物磷酸吡哆醛(PLP)和磷酸吡哆胺(PMP)的Km值分别为0.23mmol/L和0.56mmol/L。     

Purification and characterisation of leukotriene A4 hydrolase from rat neutrophils

Leukotriene A4 hydrolase was rapidly and extensively purified from rat neutrophils using anion exchange and gel filtration high-pressure liquid chromatography. The enzyme which converts the allylic epoxide leukotriene A4 to the 5,12-dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid leukotriene B4 was localized in the cytosolic fraction and exhibited an optimum activity at pH 7.8 and an apparent Km for leukotriene A4 between 2 X 10(-5) and 3 X 10(-5) M. The purified leukotriene A4 hydrolase was shown to have a molecular weight of 68 000 on sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and of 50 000 by gel filtration. The molecular weight and monomeric native form of this enzyme are unique characteristics which distinguish leukotriene A4 hydrolase from previously purified epoxide hydrolases.     

Purification of bleomycin hydrolase with a monoclonal antibody and its characterization

We established a hybridoma clone that produced anti-bleomycin hydrolase antibody. The subclass of the monoclonal antibody was immunoglobulin M. The antibody significantly reacted with bleomycin hydrolase from rabbit tissues, mouse livers, sarcoma 180, and adenocarcinoma 755 but not significantly with that from MH 134 and Ehrlich carcinoma. The enzyme from L5178Y cells showed an intermediate reactivity. Bleomycin hydrolase was purified from rabbit liver by immunoaffinity with the monoclonal antibody and DEAE gel chromatography. Approximately 1300-fold-purified bleomycin hydrolase was obtained. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing on a polyacrylamide slab gel of purified bleomycin hydrolase showed a single band with an apparent Mr of 48K and an isoelectric pH of 5.2. The molecular weight of bleomycin hydrolase determined on gel filtration high-performance liquid chromatography was ca. 300K, suggesting a hexameric enzyme. The enzyme showed an optimum pH of 6.8-7.8 and gave a Vmax value of 6.72 mg min-1 mg-1 for peplomycin and 9.24 mg min-1 mg-1 for bleomycin B2 and a Km value of 0.79 mM for both substrates. The enzyme was inhibited by E-64, leupeptin, p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone, N-ethylmaleimide, Fe2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ but was enhanced by dithiothreitol. The results suggest that bleomycin hydrolase is a thiol enzyme.     

Purification and characterization of xylanase from a thermophilic Streptomyces sp. K37

Extracellular xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) from Streptomyces sp. K37 was purified 33.53 by ultrafiltration and cation exchange chromatography followed by gel filtration chromatography. The optimum pH and temperature for purified xylanase were found to be pH 6.0 and 60 degrees C. The Km and V(max) values of the purified xylanase were 15.4 mg ml(-1) and 0.67 micromole reducing sugar min(-1) ml(-1). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) gel filtration of the purified xylanase eluted xylanase activity as a peak corresponding to the molecular weight of about 24.3 kDa while the molecular weight determined by SDS-PAGE was found to be 26.4 kDa. The purified xylanase of Streptomyces sp. K37 was found to be endoxylanase and non arabinose liberating enzyme and was highly glycosylated (73.97%).     

直组人嗜中性白细胞活化蛋白-1/白细胞介素-8的纯化与鉴定

本文利用SDS-PAGE及蛋白质电泳印迹技术,从带有相应表达质粒的重组大肠杆菌裂解液中,将所表达的重组人嗜中性白细胞活化蛋白-1/白细胞介素-8(NAP-1/IL-8)转移至聚偏二氟乙烯膜上,直接进行N-末端15个氨基酸的序列分析,从而确证该目标蛋白得到高效表达和正确加工。随后采用Bio-Gel P30凝胶过滤层析和Mono-S阳离子交换层析对重组人NAP-1/IL-8进行了分离纯化,纯化产品达到SDS-PAGE纯。利用琼脂糖平板法测定了纯化产品的嗜中性白细胞趋化活性,推算其比活为2.8×10~5U/mg蛋白。又利用SDS-PAGE测出重组NAP-1/IL-8的分子量约为8.5kD,但根据凝胶过滤层析的洗脱时间推定,在溶液中确实存在分子量稍大于14.4kD的NAP-1/IL-8二聚体。     

Purification of rosmarinic acid synthase from cell cultures of Coleus blumei Benth

Rosmarinic acid synthase from cell cultures of Coleus blumei Benth. was purified to apparent homogeneity by fractionated ammonium sulfate precipitation (60–80% saturation), hydrophobic interaction chromatography, affinity chromatography and gel filtration. This purification procedure resulted in a 225-fold-enriched specific enzyme activity with a yield of 9%. The protein preparation was apparently pure according to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The apparent molecular mass determined by gel filtration and SDS-PAGE was 77 kDa, indicating that rosmarinic acid synthase is a monomeric enzyme.Abbreviations DTT dithiothreitol - HIC hydrophobic interaction chromatography - RA rosmarinic acid - RAS rosmarinic acid synthase - SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis The financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft is gratefully acknowledged. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was done with the help of Dr. Guy Bauw, University of Gent, Belgium.     

Purification of a kappa-carrageenase from marine Cytophaga species

A mixture of extracellular carrageenases was isolated from the cell-free medium of a culture of marine Cytophaga sp. 1k-C783 grown on ZoBell 2216 E broth with 0.1% commercial carrageenan. A single active peak of kappa-carrageenase was separated and purified from the mixture by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration chromatography. Molecular weight of the purified kappa-carrageenase was estimated as 100,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The purified kappa-carrageenase had pH optimum 7.6 and temperature optimum 25 C.