他克莫司抑制外周血单个核细胞培养上清对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的作用

目的:研究他克莫司(FK506)抑制外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)培养上清对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的作用,探讨FK506在瘢痕疙瘩治疗中可能的的作用和机制.方法:用消化法原代培养人瘢痕疙瘩来源的成纤维细胞,梯度密度离心法分离培养人PBMC.将瘢痕疙瘩来源的成纤维细胞随机分组,给予PBMC培养上清处理,实验组同时给与不同浓度FK506处理.四甲基偶氮唑蓝法(MTT)检测瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞增殖活性,荧光实时定量PCR法检测Ⅰ型胶原表达.结果:单纯给予PBMC培养上清处理后,成纤维细胞的增殖活性与对照组相比明显增高(P＜0.01),同时给予PBMC上清和FK506时发现FK506在20 ng/ml和100 ng/ml时能够抑制PBMC上清的促增殖作用(P＜0.01),荧光实时定量PCR结果显示:单纯给予PBMC培养上清处理后,Ⅰ型胶原的表达与对照组相比明显增高(P＜0.05),给予PBMC上清和FK506后,在FK506浓度为20 ng/ml和100 ng/ml时Ⅰ型胶原表达降低(P＜0.01).结论:FK506能够抑制PBMC培养上清对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的作用,因此,FK506可能通过抑制PBMC的作用来达到预防和治疗瘢痕疙瘩的作用.     

IFN-α对人脐带间充质干细胞粘附分子表达的影响

目的:本研究旨在观察不同浓度IFN-α对体外培养人脐带间充质干细胞表面粘附分子表达变化的影响.方法:采用组织块移行法培养人脐带间充质干细胞(Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,hucMSCs),并进行干细胞表面抗原、成骨和成脂鉴定.向P3代hucMSCs加入不同浓度的IFN-αt,24小时后收集细胞,应用流式细胞仪检测CD44、CD49d、CD54、CD58、CD62p、CD62L、CD102及CD106等八种粘附分子的表达情况.结果:①生理状态下,CD106、CD62P、CD62L和CD102阳性表达率极低(均＜1％),CD54表达最高,为41.58％,经FN-α干预后,CD102、CD106、CD62L、CD62p阳性表达率略有升高,但总体变化不明显(均＜5％).②CD49d、CD54、CD58阳性表达率与IFN-α呈浓度依赖性,最高达(66.36± 2.48)％、(76.26±1.85)％、(47.78±0.44)％;CD44在浓度为3x 103U/ml时阳性表达率最高,为(49.81±3.25)％,且干预组与对照组、各组间比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论:炎症因子IFN-α可显著提高hucMSCs表面CD54、CD58、CD44、CD49d的阳性表达率,但对CD102、CD106、CD62P和CD62L作用不明显.     

层粘连蛋白、基质金属蛋白酶-9的表达及微血管密度在卵巢黏液性肿瘤中的意义

目的探讨卵巢黏液性肿瘤组织中层粘连蛋白(LN)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达及间质微血管密度(MVD)的意义.方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测43例卵巢黏液性肿瘤LN、MMP-9、CD31的表达情况,并在CD31染色切片上检测其微血管密度.结果 LN的表达级别、MMP-9的表达阳性率及MVD依卵巢黏液性肿瘤良性、交界性、恶性逐渐增高;LN的表达程度与卵巢黏液性囊腺癌的组织学分级有关(P＜0.01);MMP-9的表达与卵巢黏液性囊腺癌的组织学分级(P＜0.05)、FIGO分期(P＜0.05)、术后复发和死亡(P＜0.05)有关;MVD与卵巢黏液性囊腺癌的组织学分级(P＜0.05)、术后复发和死亡(P＜0.05)有关.在卵巢黏液性囊腺癌中,LN的表达程度在MMP-9阳性组与阴性组之间有显著性差异(P＜0.01),并呈负相关;MVD在MMP-9阳性组高于阴性组,两者之间差异有显著性(P＜0.01)结论 LN、MMP-9及MVD在卵巢黏液性肿瘤的浸润转移中起重要作用,是卵巢黏液性肿瘤的恶性指标,可望作为交界性黏液性囊腺瘤及黏液性囊腺癌的诊断和分级的客观参考指标;MMP-9、MVD有助临床估计预后.     

胰岛素和佛波酯在蛋白质合成中经不同途径激活p70 S6激酶

为研究佛波酯 (PMA)和胰岛素在蛋白质合成中的信号传递 ,应用激酶活性测定和Western印迹等方法 ,分别检测mTOR(mammaliantargetofrapamycin)特异性抑制剂rapamycin或磷脂酰肌醇 3激酶 (PI3K)的特异性抑制剂LY2 94 0 0 2预处理、PMA或胰岛素处理的血清饥饿的中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞 (CHL)中p70S6激酶 (p70S6K)和蛋白激酶B(PKB)的活性及表达 .结果显示 ,PMA或胰岛素刺激促进p70S6K的活化和表达 .而rapamycin预处理可阻断PMA和胰岛素对p70S6K的激活作用 ,表明PMA和胰岛素可能是通过mTOR 依赖性途径激活p70S6K .结果还显示 ,胰岛素刺激促进PKB的活化和表达 ,而PMA对PKB的活性和表达无影响 .LY2 94 0 0 2预处理可阻断胰岛素对p70S6K和PKB的激活作用 ,但不能抑制PMA刺激引起的p70S6K的活化 .表明胰岛素和PMA介导p70S6K活化的信号途径有所不同 ,胰岛素介导p70S6K的活化可能依赖于PI3K途径 ,而PMA介导p70S6K的活化不通过PI3K途径     

CXCR1和CXCR2在系统性红斑狼疮中的表达及意义

目的:检测白介素-8受体CXCR1和CXCR2在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血CD14+单核细胞上的表达,探讨其与SLE疾病活动的相关性和可能涉及的SLE炎症发病机制.方法:36例活动期SLE患者和34例健康志愿者,采用流式细胞术(FCM)检测CXCR1、CXCR2在SLE患者和健康志愿者外周血CD14+单核细胞上的MFI表达.结果:CXCR2在SLE组外周血CD14+单核细胞上MFI表达(195.75±52.76)与对照组(298.82±51.86)相比明显降低(P＜0.01);CXCR2在SLE患者外周血CD14+单核细胞上MFI表达下降与C3存在着正相关关系(rs=0.421,P=0.022),与dsDNA、SLEDAI存在着负相关关系(分别为rs=-0.390,P=0.032;rs=-0.463,P=0.011).结论:SLE患者外周血CD14+单核细胞CXCR2的表达异常,提示CXCR2可能参与了SLE的发病过程.检测SLE患者外周血CD14+单核细胞的CXCR2表达水平,可能是评价SLE疾病活动性有价值的潜在的生物学标志之一.     

射频消融联合DC-CIK治疗肝癌40例的临床观察

目的:探讨射频消融联合DC-CIK治疗原发性肝癌的临床效果及其毒副作用.方法:将我院2009年1月-2010年1月收治的80例原发性肝癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,均给予射频消融治疗,观察组患者在此基础上给予DC-CIK治疗.观察和比较两组患者的治疗效果、生存质量、免疫功能、癌胚抗原(AFP)的变化及患者3年生存率.结果:观察组患者的治疗总有效率为92.5％,显著高于对照组72.5％(P＜0.05);观察组患者治疗后外周血T细胞亚群中CD3+、CD4+,、CD4+/CD8+比值及NK(CD16+CD56+)均较治疗前显著上升(P＜0.01),且显著高于对照组;而T细胞亚群CD8+及甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平均显著下降(P＜0.01),且显著低于对照组(P＜0.01).治疗后,两组患者的自觉症状均减轻、食欲增加、精神状态有所改善,观察组患者的生存质量平均分(167.2±15.8)显著高于对照组(133.5±12.9)(P＜0.01).治疗期间,两组患者均部分出现腹痛、恶心、发热症状,对症处理后24h内均可缓解,不良反应发生率比较无显著差异(P＞0.05);观察组患者6个月内的死亡率为5.0％,显著低于对照组40.0％(P＜0.05),3年生存率为22.5％,显著高于对照组2.5％(P＜0.01).结论:DC-CIK辅助射频消融治疗原发性肝癌可显著提高其治疗效果,增强患者的免疫功能,改善患者的生存质量,并延长患者生存时间.     

恒河猴TRIM5α的组织分布及不同刺激促进PBMC中TRIM5α转录水平的上调

TRIM5α(tripartite motif protein 5-alpha)蛋白是恒河猴体内一种非常重要的限制因子,能抑制人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1)、马感染性贫血病毒(EIAV, equine infectious anemia virus)和猫免疫缺陷病毒 (FIV, feline immunodeficiencyvirus)等逆转录病毒的复制。恒河猴TRIM5α的组织分布以及在受到外界刺激时TRIM5α mRNA表达量的变化研究还未见报道。本研究从中国恒河猴的各组织中提取总RNA,以β-actin基因作为内参照,通过半定量RT-PCR检测各组织中TRIM5α mRNA的表达。选择HIV-GFP-VSVG假病毒感染外周血单核细胞（peripheral blood mononuclear cell,PBMC）,非特异性刺激剂——佛波脂(Phorbol myfismte acetate,PMA)+离子霉素(ionomycin,Ion)及CD28抗体+CD49d抗体分别共刺激恒河猴PBMC,研究不同刺激对恒河猴TRIM5α mRNA表达水平的影响。结果表明：TRIM5α mRNA表达于所研究的恒河猴21种组织中,免疫系统和泌尿生殖系统组织中表达量最高,而神经系统组织,如大脑、脊髓中表达较少,其他组织中未见明显的表达差异;HIV-GFP-VSVG感染和用PMA+Ion、CD28抗体+CD49d抗体分别共刺激PBMC能促进 PBMC中TRIM5α mRNA的转录水平的上调。     

蛋白激酶C对血管内皮细胞锚蛋白、CD44表达及亚细胞分布的影响

通过外源性底物对[γ-32P]-ATP的摄入量来测定豆蔻酰佛波醇乙酯(phorbol-myristate-acetate,PMA)处理后的人脐静脉内皮细胞(humanumbilicalveinendothelialcells,HUVECs)膜蛋白激酶C(proteinkinaseC,PKC)的活性;利用间接免疫荧光标记和Western印迹方法分析蛋白激酶C活性对锚蛋白及CD44的亚细胞分布及蛋白质表达的影响。结果发现HUVECs的锚蛋白及CD44表达水平趋势与PKC活性变化相吻合;PKC活化导致CD44在细胞膜上呈聚集状,而锚蛋白则移位并聚集于CD44处;PKC抑制剂能抑制PKC活化所带来的上述作用。结果表明PKC活化通过磷酸化作用能上调锚蛋白及CD44表达,并同时导致二者发生一致性运动及共分布。     

冠心病患者血清尿酸、高敏C 反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原水平变化 的临床研究

目的:观察冠心病患者血清中尿酸、高敏C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原水平的变化.方法:选取2010年11月至2011年11月于我院就诊的68例冠心病患者(稳定型心绞痛21例,不稳定型心绞痛24例,急性心肌梗死13例)作为研究对象,并选取同期于我院体检中心体检的62例健康人为对照组,检测受试者血清中尿酸、高敏C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原的水平.结果:研究组患者血清中UA、CRP和FBG水平显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).与稳定型心绞痛组比,不稳定型心绞痛的CRP水平增高(5.34±1.98 mg/L vs.11.36±2.73 mg/L,P＜0.05),急性心肌梗死组的UA (345.63±86.4 μmol/L vs.493.76±101.2 μmol/L,P＜0.05)、CRP (5.34±1.98mg/L vs.21.3±2.24 mg/L,P＜0.05)和FBG(3.86±1.34 g/L vs.6.85±2.36 g/L,P＜0.05)水平显著增高,与不稳定型心绞痛组比,急性心肌梗死组的UA(378.91±89.7 μmol/L vs.493.76±101.2 μmol/L,P＜0.05)、CRP(11.36±2.73 mg/L vs.21.3±2.24 mg/L,P＜0.05)和FBG(4.27±2.08 g/L vs.6.85±2.36 g/L,P＜0.05)水平显著增高(P＜0.05).结论:冠心病患者血清中尿酸、高敏C反应蛋白和纤维蛋白原的水平升高,3个指标可用于评估治疗效果和预后.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.