平原人进驻高原后凝血和纤溶功能的改变及其意义

目的:探讨高原低氧环境下凝血及纤溶功能的变化.方法:对从平原(海拔1 400 m)进驻3700 m和5 380 m高原第7 d及半年的40名健康青年血浆抗凝血酶Ⅲ(AT-M)、纤溶酶原含量(PLG)、D-二聚体含量(DD)、组织纤溶酶原激活物活性(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活抑制物活性(PAI)、纤溶蛋白原(Fg)、α2-抗纤溶酶抑制物活性(α2-PI)进行检测,并与20名平原健康青年作对照.结果:高原低氧环境AT-Ⅲ、t-PA明显低于平原(P<0.05或P<0.01),且随海拔高度的升高而降低(P<0.01),随居住时间的延长而升高(P<0.05或P<0.01).PLG、DD、PAI、α2-PI及Fg在海拔3 700 m第7 d和海拔5 380 m第7d及半年均较平原增高显著((P<0.05或P<0.01),且随海拔高度的升高而增高,居住时间的延长而降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);3 700 m居住半年时较平原无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论:高原低氧存在凝血功能紊乱,表现为凝血与纤溶被激活的同时伴有纤溶受抑,凝血及纤溶的平衡被破坏而使血液呈高凝和低纤溶状态.     

平原入进驻高原后凝血和纤溶功能的改变及其意义

目的：探讨高原低氧环境下凝血及纤溶功能的变化。方法：对从平原（海拔1400m）进驻3700m和5380m高原第7d及半年的40名健康青年血浆抗凝血酶Ⅲ（AT－M）、纤溶酶原含量（PLG）、D－二聚体含量（DD）、组织纤溶酶原激活物活性（t-PA）、纤溶酶原激活抑制物活性（PAI）、纤溶蛋白原（Fg）、α2－抗纤溶酶抑制物活性（α2－PI）进行检测,并与20名平原健康青年作对照。结果：高原低氧环境AT－Ⅲ、t-PA明显低于平原（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,且随海拔高度的升高而降低（P＜0.01）,随居住时间的延长而升高（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。PLG、DD、PAI、α2－PI及Fg在海拔3700m第7d和海拔5380m第7d及半年均较平原增高显著（（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,且随海拔高度的升高而增高,居住时间的延长而降低（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;3700m居住半年时较平原无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论：高原低氧存在凝血功能紊乱,表现为凝血与纤溶被激活的同时伴有纤溶受抑,凝血及纤溶的平衡被破坏而使血液呈高凝和低纤溶状态。     

平原人急进暴露高海拔地区导致体重下降(英文)

平原人暴露于海拔3500m以上高原,特别是急进高原之后存在体重下降现象,但其体重下降程度与高原反应相关关系目前未见报道。本研究选择修建青藏铁路可可西里昆仑山口区的120名男性铁路建设者为研究对象,全体受检者居住环境、进食以及劳动强度等条件基本相当,其中85名来自平原地区(平原组),35名来自青海东部农业区(中海拔组;海拔2200m)。受检者乘火车到格尔木地区(海拔2800m),并在此停留7d,测定体重、体重指数、腰围等指标,之后乘车到昆仑山口(海拔4678m)工作33d后再次测定以上各指标。到达昆仑山口2d后,采用LakeLouise急性高原病(acutemountainsickness,AMS)评分规则对平原组和高原组进行评分。为了动态观察体重的日变化,对来自平原组的20名施工人员,每天早上施工之前测体重,连续测量33d。结果显示,平原组在格尔木和昆仑山所测平均体重分别为(67.1±9.5)kg和(60.0±8.1)kg(P0.01),中海拔组体重分别为(63.1±5.5)kg和(61.7±6.4)kg(P0.05)。平原组平均体重降低幅度为10.4%(范围6.5%~29%),而中海拔组为2.2%(范围-2%~9.1%)。平原组体重下降的程度与暴露高原之前的体重(基础值)呈显著正相关(r=0.677,P0.01),而中海拔组体重下降程度与基础体重不相关(r=0.296,P0.05)。20名平原人到达高原20d内体重降低最明显,之后体重基本保持不变。平原组AMS评分(4.69±2.48)显著高于中海拔组(2.97±1.38),两组AMS评分与基础体重值呈正相关(r=0.643,P0.01)。以上结果提示:(1)平原人暴露高原环境之后体重显著减轻,体重越高者体重减轻程度越高;(2)较高体重指数的平原人快速进入高原之后,易出现急性高原反应,甚至发生AMS。     

高原低氧条件下不同时间大鼠海马CA1区神经细胞粘附分子的表达

目的:观察高海拔低氧条件下不同时间大鼠海马CA1区神经细胞粘附分子的表达变化,探讨NCAM在机体对低氧应激反应中的作用。方法:将平原SD大鼠运至海拔(4100m)地区,在第2、5、9、15天取大鼠海马,常规免疫组化及RT-PCR检测高原环境下NCAM的表达变化。结果:NCAM在高海拔大鼠海马CA1区神经细胞NCAM的表达在第2、5、9天是明显低于正常(P0.05),在第15天达到正常(P0.05)。结论:高原低氧应激反应后NCAM基因表达先降低后升高,提示其在神经损伤修复过程中可能起重要作用。     

高压氧预处理对高原人体耐缺氧抗疲劳的研究

目的:探讨高压氧预治疗(HBO)对高原人体耐缺氧抗疲劳的影响。方法:①海拔3700m的20名习服男青年,于HBO预处理前(对照组,)、预处理2次(A组,10人)和预处理5次(B组,10人)后的第2、第8d和第2、第5d作自身对比运动负荷实验,运动结束后测血中检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸(BLA)、尿素氮(BUN)、一氧化氮(NO)及其合酶(NOS)的含量。②20名青年自海拔1400m乘车抵达海拔3700m,分为HBO组(10人)和对照组(10人),HBO组连续HBO预处理3d,每天1次,第4d两组同时乘车进驻海拔5380m,到达后第5d清晨采空腹静脉血。③29名青年分为HBO组(11人)和对照组(18人),HBO组于进入高原前2d在海拔1400m接受HBO预处理,每天1次,连续2d,第3d两组同时乘车进驻海拔5200m,到达后第5d清晨采空腹静脉血;结果:①在海拔3700mHBO可使SOD、NO、NOS增高,BLA、BUN、MDA降低,有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),并可持续保留8d以上。②进驻海拔5200m和5380m的青年,实验组较对照组SOD、NO、NOS增高,BLA、BUN、MDA降低,有显著性差异(P<0.01或0.05)。结论:HBO可增强高原机体抗氧化酶活性和乳酸清除能力,具有抗疲劳作用,且这种效应可持续8d以上。     

低氧预适应训练在急进高海拔高原部队中的应用研究

目的：在高海拔高原部队验证低氧预适应降低急性高原反应、改善体能的效果,并观察效果的时间保留规律。方法：拟进驻4300m高原新兵利用低氧呼吸器进行低氧预适应训练,每天上、下午各1h,连续5d,分别于训练结束后第2天和第6天进入高原,观测受试者的急性高原反应症状和体能。结果：低氧预适应训练可显著降低急性高原病的患病率;训练结束后第2天进入高原者VO2 max和PWC170显著降低,而第6天进入高原者,VO2max无明显改变。结论：进驻高海拔高原前进行为期5天的低氧预适应训练可显著降低急性高原病的患病率,训练效果至少可保留5天。     

急进高海拔时健康人夜间睡眠、呼吸状态和血氧饱和度的变化

在海拔2300m选择健康成年男性5人,急进抵海拔4660m,用多导监测仪分别在两地连续7h监测夜间睡眠、呼吸状态和血氧饱和度变化,进行自身对比。结果发现:(1)急进高海拔后,总睡眠时间、有效睡眠指数、Ⅲ～Ⅳ期深睡眠均较中度高原减少(p<0.01);总觉醒时间、Ⅰ～Ⅱ期浅睡眠高海拔较中度高原增多(p<0.05):(2)急进高海拔后,有3名健康人出现周期性呼吸,其中1名健康者出现周期性呼吸119次,伴有中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停,最低Sao_2为78％;(3)同海拔高度夜间睡眠时与清醒时Sao_2相比较,中度高原下降4.2％,高海拔下降11.2％(p<0.01);高海拔与中度高原夜间清醒时Sao_2相比较下降7.4％,睡眠时下降14.4％(p<0.001)。结果提示:(1)睡眠加重了高原人原有的低氧血症;(2)低氧血症导致睡眠结构的紊乱和睡眠质量的降低;(3)睡眠中出现的周期性呼吸,应视为机体的一种自我保护机制;(4)频发的周期性呼吸或睡眠呼吸暂停将影响大脑机能。     

高原心搏量的自身调节

高原低氧坏境下,左心搏血功能及其调节尤为重要。我们应用超声心动图测定了不同海拔健康人左心泵功能指标,从而初步探讨了自身调节机制对高原心搏量的调节作用。 对象与方法 检查对象分别为平原南京(海拔20m),高原西宁(海拔2260m)与哈尔盖(海拔3232m)三     

低氧对高原鼠兔和大鼠血液NO 与ET-1的影响

将Wistar大鼠暴露于3 780 m低氧环境,分别于24 h、2 wk及3 wk后采用酶联免疫法和硝酸还原酶法测定血液中的ET~(-1)和NO的含量,计算NO/ET~(-1)值,并与高原鼠兔比较,探讨低氧条件下大鼠与高原鼠兔血液中NO与ET~(-1)含量的变化趋势。结果表明,低氧24 h后,大鼠血液中NO和ET~(-1)的含量显著高于同海拔的高原鼠兔(P<0·01),而NO/ET~(-1)值无显著差异(P>0·05)。随着大鼠在高海拔停留时间的延长,血液中NO含量呈减少趋势,而ET~(-1)则有上升趋势,二者呈显著的负相关(r2=0·2416,P<0·01)。高原鼠兔NO/ET~(-1)值约为大鼠低氧2 wk和3 wk的2倍(P<0·01)。说明不同低氧暴露时间,高原鼠兔和大鼠的NO、ET~(-1)及NO/ET~(-1)值有显著差异,提示NO/ET~(-1)值可以作为有机体是否适应高原低氧环境的一个指标。     

果寡糖和甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪免疫机能的影响

研究探讨了果寡糖和甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪免疫机能的影响。实验采用随机区组设计法将48头健康、体重一致的35日龄断奶杜洛克仔猪分为4组,每组3次重复,每个重复4头进行为期28天的饲养实验。4个处理组分别为:基础日粮 0.5%果寡糖(FOS组)、基础日粮 0.3%甘露寡糖(MOS组)、基础日粮 0.45%果寡糖 0.25%甘露寡糖(F M组)、基础日粮 75 mg/kg金霉素 40 mg/kg洛克沙生(ABT组)。实验结果表明:(1)寡糖组免疫器官指数较ABT组大(P>0.05)。(2)在断奶后第7天,FOS组(0.32±0.49)、MOS组(0.32±0.04)和F M组(0.32±0.07)均较ABT组(0.20±0.01)显著提高了血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)的浓度(P<0.05),同时FOS组(3.50±0.49)较ABT组(2.68±0.47)显著提高了IgG浓度(P<0.05);F M组显著提高了断奶后第21天IgG浓度(P<0.05);MOS组显著提高了断奶后第21天IgM浓度(P<0.05)。(3)与ABT组相比,FOS显著提高了断奶后第7天胸腺(21.33±6.03对37.33±4.04)、脾脏(19.67±2.08对30.33±8.73)、淋巴结(24.67±4.16对37.67±2.52)CD4 T淋巴细胞百分数(P<0.05);FOS组(21.33±4.04对32.00±5.29)、MOS组(21.33±4.04对37.33±3.21)、F M组(21.33±4.04对32.00±3.60)显著提高了断奶后第28天胸腺CD4 T淋巴细胞百分数(P<0.05);MOS组(20.67±3.51对29.67±5.51)显著提高了断奶后第7天胸腺CD8 T淋巴细胞百分数;F M组(17.00±1.00对22.67±3.06)显著提高了断奶后第7天脾脏CD8 T淋巴细胞百分数(P<0.05);各寡糖组对断奶后第28天CD4 、CD8 T淋巴细胞百分数影响不显著(P>0.05);ABT组(34.33±5.03)在断奶后第7天较F M组(20.67±6.43)显著提高了淋巴结CD8 T淋巴细胞百分数(P<0.05);在断奶后第7天,FOS组(1.42±0.32)、MOS组(1.52±0.46)、F M组(1.51±0.30)淋巴结CD4 与CD8 比值显著(P<0.05)大于ABT组(0.71±0.03);在断奶后第28天,FOS组(1.36±0.21)和MOS组(1.34±0.16)脾脏CD4 与CD8 比值显著(P=0.01)大于ABT组(0.94±0.29),除此之外,各寡糖组CD4 与CD8 比值较寡糖组大(P>0.05),寡糖组间差异不显著。     

Studies on cold pressor response of subjects who suffered from frostbite at high altitude

Seven lowlander soldiers who had 1st to 3rd degree of frostbite and 8 lowlander soldiers who recovered from high altitude pulmonary oedema were tested for cold pressor response at 260 m, 26°C, 6.8°C and 4,085 m, 26°C, 6.8°C. 8 lowlander soldiers (Control subjects) of comparable age group were tested for their cold pressor response at 260 m, 26°C and 3,300 m, 26°C. Another group of control subjects from the laboratory were also tested at 2,121 m, 26°C. There was a highly significant decrease in cold pressor response of the frostbite subjects at 260 m, 26°C and a very significant increase at 260 m, 6.8°C as compared to non-frostbite subjects. The subjects who recovered from high altitude pulmonary oedema did not show significant differences as compared with the control subjects. The results suggest certain basic physiological differences in regulation of supply of blood to the extremities under condition of general and local cold exposure.     

高原人体左心室舒张功能和顺应性的改变

应用同步描记心电图、心音图、颈动脉搏动图和心尖搏动图以测定高原人体的左心室舒张功能和顺应性。在4个不同海拔高度进行实验,即76m(海平对照)、2161m、3270m和4179m,每一高度40名健康男性青年,高原3组世居、移居各20名。结果显示:随着海拔增高,主动舒张时间指数(TRTI)有减小趋势,RF波相对振幅(F/H)逐渐降低,A波相对振幅(A/D)则渐趋增大,3270m以上增大明显(p<0.05),舒张振幅时间指数(DATI)逐渐降低,3270m以上差异极显著(p<0.001)。高原世居与移居者相比,在海拔4179m出现明显差别,移居组TRTI、DATI、F/H较低而A/D较高(D<0.05)。测定射血前期与左室射血时间比值(PEP/LVET)、射血分数(EF)及左室周径纤维平均缩短速度(mVcf)3项指标作对照,显示在此高度左室收缩功能仍能保持。高原慢性心肌缺氧可能是导致左室舒张功能和顺应性轻度降低的原因。     

Effect of altitude exposure on thermoregulatory response of man to cold.

The thermoregulatory responses to 10 degrees C (for 3 h) were investigated in 1) 12 natives from sea level (lowlanders) at 150 m, and on arrival at 3,350 and 4,340 m; 2) 6 of these during a 6-wk sojourn at 4,360 m, and on return to sea level; and 3) 5 natives from each of the two altitudes (highlanders) in their respective habitat, and after descent to 150 m. The cold-induced increase in the rate of O2 consumption (Vo2) of the lowlanders was significantly smaller at both altitudes than at sea level. It did not recover substantially during the 6 wk at altitude, but was restored to its initial rate on return to sea level. By contrast, visible shivering activity was augmented on arrival at altitude. It persisted throughout the 6 wk there, but was greatly depressed on return to sea level, despite the increased Vo2. Mean skin temperatures (Tsk) stabilized in the cold at significantly higher values at altitude. Rectal temperature (Tre) decreased similarly at all altitudes. Vo2 of the highlanders in the cold was significantly greater at sea level than at their resident altitudes, although shivering activity was less intense; Tsk stabilized at significantly lower levels at 150 m than at either altitude. These results indicate that altitude exposure reduces the calorigenic response of man to cold, and that this effect is not moderated by acclimatization to altitude, yet is reversible immediately on descent to sea level. The component of cold thermogenesis which appeared to be reduced by altitude exposure was nonshivering thermogenesis rather than visible shivering.     

增压辅助旅居人对高原的适应

在海拔4500m处,对26名18～43岁男性移居人进行了用增压车增压辅助对高原适应的研究。在增压30kPa时,心肺储备能力增强。除压速度>0.44m/s,会产生明显适应不良反应;除压速度<0.33m/s,不发生明显不适,并使增压过程中的心率减慢效应持续到除压后数小时。夜间睡眠增压,能消除睡眠中的潮式呼吸,改善若干高原适应不良症状。在33d内经18次断续增压处理的4名对象未损害正常的习服能力。结论:在4500m 高度用合理的增压,可辅助人体对高原的适应。     

Decreased reliance on lactate during exercise after acclimatization to 4,300 m

We hypothesized that the increased exercise arterial lactate concentration on arrival at high altitude and the subsequent decrease with acclimatization were caused by changes in blood lactate flux. Seven healthy men [age 23 +/- 2 (SE) yr, wt 72.2 +/- 1.6 kg] on a controlled diet were studied in the postabsorptive condition at sea level, on acute exposure to 4,300 m, and after 3 wk of acclimatization to 4,300 m. Subjects received a primed-continuous infusion of [6,6-2D]glucose (Brooks et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 70:919-927, 1991) and [3-13C]lactate and rested for a minimum of 90 min followed immediately by 45 min of exercise at 101 +/- 3 W, which elicited 51.1 +/- 1% of the sea level peak O2 consumption (VO2peak; 65 +/- 2% of both acute altitude and acclimatization). During rest at sea level, lactate appearance rate (Ra) was 0.52 +/- 0.03 mg.kg-1.min-1; this increased sixfold during exercise to 3.24 +/- 0.19 mg.kg-1.min-1. On acute exposure, resting lactate Ra rose from sea level values to 2.2 +/- 0.2 mg.kg-1.min-1. During exercise on acute exposure, lactate Ra rose to 18.6 +/- 2.9 mg.kg-1.min-1. Resting lactate Ra after acclimatization (1.77 +/- 0.25 mg.kg-1.min-1) was intermediate between sea level and acute exposure values. During exercise after acclimatization, lactate Ra (9.2 +/- 0.7 mg.kg-1.min-1) rose from resting values but was intermediate between sea level and acute exposure values. The increased exercise arterial lactate concentration response on arrival at high altitude and subsequent decrease with acclimatization are due to changes in blood lactate appearance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

急性低氧对高原土生动物藏系绵羊血气的影响

为了探讨急性低氧时藏系绵羊(Ovis aries)的血气特点,揭示其低氧适应机制,将7只雄性藏系绵羊和5只雄性移居绵羊分别置于高低压氧舱内,测定模拟海拔0、2 300和4 500 m时各动物清醒状态下的血气指标。用热稀释法测定心输出量。使用血气分析仪和EG7血样板,测定动脉及混合静脉血的血气指标,按Ficks方法计算氧耗量。结果显示,随着模拟海拔高度的升高,藏羊和移居羊的动静脉血氧饱和度(So2)、氧分压(Po2)、二氧化碳分压(Pco2)都呈明显下降趋势(P<0.05),血红蛋白浓度(Hb)、血液pH、心输出量及氧耗量虽无明显的差异性改变,但它们在4 500 m处的绝对值是增加的。在相同海拔,藏羊的Hb明显低于移居羊(P<0.05),4 500 m时藏羊的动脉血氧饱和度(Sao2)及组织摄氧量显著高于移居羊(P<0.05)。表明藏羊在急性低氧时表现出的高Sao2及高组织摄氧量,低Hb、低pH是它适应高原低氧的生理基础。     

Variations in skinfold thickness during de-acclimatisation and re-acclimatisation to high altitude. Relation to body fat content

Skinfold thickness, body weight, body water, anthropometric measurements and segment volumes were determined in 28 young and healthy Indian soldiers on return to Delhi (200 m) after staying for more than 24 months at high altitude (3500 m). The measurements were made on the 2nd day and after 3 weeks. Ten subjects were then randomly selected from this group and returned by air to the high-altitude station, and the measurements were repeated on the 3rd and 12th day of their reinduction. Though body weight and total body water increased marginally on transfer to the lower altitude, body density remained more or less unchanged. There were significant increases in the thickness of skinfolds, even when body density had increased. During this period hand and foot volumes decreased significantly. Despite significant increases in thoracic skinfold thickness, the torso volume decreased slightly. On returning to high altitude, the soldiers lost body weight, were hypohydrated and showed reduced skinfold thickness. Fat losses calculated on the basis of reduction in skinfold thickness were far in excess of those calculated from losses in body weight and in total body water. As the reduced skinfold thickness was unrelated to changes in body water content at high altitude, it seems that such reductions are due to redistribution of blood in the skin. From the results of these investigations it is concluded that variations in skinfold thickness during acclimatisation to high altitude do not accurately represent the changes in body fat content.     

Maximal aerobic capacity at several ambient concentrations of CO at several altitudes

To assess the nature of the combined effect of the hypoxias of altitude (ALT) and CO exposure, 11 men and 12 women nonsmokers served as subjects in a double-blind experiment. The exposure conditions were four ambient CO levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) at each of four ALT (55, 1,524, 2,134, and 3,048 m). Each subject, after attaining the required ALT and ambient CO level, performed a maximal aerobic capacity test (VO2max). Blood samples were obtained before, at 50-W, 100-W, 150-W, and maximum work loads and at the 5th min of recovery. Blood were analyzed for hemoglobin, hematocrit, plasma proteins, lactates, and carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO). VO2max was similar at 55 and 1,524 m and decreased by 4 and 8% from the 55-m value at 2,134 and 3,048 m, respectively. On the basis of all statistical analyses, we concluded that VO2max values measured in men were only slightly diminished due to increased ambient CO. HbCO attained at maximum was highest at 55 m and lowest at 3,048 m. Women's HbCO concentrations were lower than men's. At maximal work loads CO shifted into extravascular spaces and returned to the vascular space within 5 min after exercise stopped. The independence of altitude and CO hypoxias on parameters of the maximum aerobic capacity test and a decrease in the CO to HbCO uptake with increasing altitude were demonstrated and attributed in part to the decrease in driving pressure of CO at altitude.     

氧化应激在高原重体力劳动过程中急性高原反应发生中的作用

目的：观察氧化应激在高原重体力劳动过程中急性高原反应（AHAR）发生中的作用。方法：由低海拔（1500m）快速进入高原（3700m）并从事重体力劳动的男性官兵96名,年龄18～35岁。根据AHAR症状评分,分为重度AHAR组（A组,n=24）、轻中度AHAR组（B组,n=47）和无AHAR组（C组,n=25）,在该高度逗留50d后下撤前及返回低海拔（1500m）后12h、15d分别测定血清8．异前列腺素F2a（8-iso-PGF2a）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）,并与低海拔（1500m）50名健康官兵（D组）比较。结果：A组血清8-iso-PGF2a、MDA[分别为（9．53±0．47）μg／L、（8．91±0．39）μmol／L]水平显著高于B组[分别为（8．34±O．42）μg／L、（7．31±0．32）μmol／L]、C组[分别为（7．02±0．48）μg／L、（6．41±0．23）μmol／L和D组[分别为（5．13±0．56）μg／L、（5．48±0．33）μmol／L]（均P〈0．01）,SOD（52．08±3．44）μ／mL水平显著低于B组（62．27±2．54）μ/mL、C组（71．99±3．35）μ/mL和D组（80．78±3．44）μ/mL,（均P〈0．01）,B组与c组之间和C组与D组之间亦有显著性差异（均P〈0．01）。海拔3700mAHAR总计分与血清8-iso-PGF2α、ⅣⅡ）A呈显著正相关（均P〈0．01）,与血清SOD显著负相关（P〈0．01）;8-iso-PGF2α、MDA与SOD显著负相关（均P〈0．01）。海拔3700m50d,血清8-iso-PGF2α、MDA水平显著高于,SOD水平显著低于海拔1500m12h、15d和D组（均P〈0．01）,海拔1500m12h与15d之间有显著性差异（均P〈0．01）,海拔1500m 15d与D组之间无显著性差异。结论：人体在高原低氧并重体力时氧化应激和氧化．抗氧化失衡与AHAR的发病和程度有密切关系,氧化应激和氧化．抗氧化失衡越严重,AHAR越重。返回低海拔后12h有显著改善,15d恢复到正常水平。     

不同海拔华北落叶松针叶三种抗氧化酶活性与光合色素含量

通过分析庞泉沟国家级自然保护区不同海拔(1 600～2 800 m)梯度华北落叶松针叶中3种抗氧化酶及光合色素含量的变化,探讨了高山林木适应环境的生理机制.结果表明,华北落叶松针叶中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性随海拔梯度的变化规律相一致,即中海拔区(1 900～2 400 m)的3种抗氧化酶活性相对较低,而低海拔区(1 600～1 800 m)和高海拔区(2 500～2 800 m)活性相对较高.低海拔区3种酶活性分别比中海拔区提高62.79%、42.13% 和 7.87%,高海拔区分别提高75.20%、14.49% 和 63.38%,但临近森林垂直分布上限活性降低.膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛含量在低海拔区和高海拔区分别达9.27和14.06 μmol·g^-1 FM,而在中海拔区平均含量为5.58 μmol·g^-1 FM.叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量随海拔梯度升高而降低,相关系数分别为-0.969和-0.986;但叶绿素a/b比值及Car的相对含量(Car/Chl)随海拔梯度升高而增加,相关系数分别为0.962和0.877.