北京市公立医院内部绩效考核分配现状与思考

目的 描述北京市公立医院内部绩效考核分配现状并分析。方法 通过文献查询梳理北京市公立医院绩效管理文献、专家咨询设计结构化访谈提纲,并对北京市公立医院绩效管理部门职员进行结构化访谈。结果 对北京市9家公立医院进行结构化访谈,对1家市属医院的绩效文献资料进行整理。描述了北京市公立医院绩效考核分配的指导思想、管理模式、管理办法、业务科室绩效考核分配模式、业务科室二次考核分配、护理垂直管理、行政后勤科室绩效考核分配、绩效考核信息化的现状。结论 北京市公立医院内部绩效考核体系是医院内部绩效考核历史模式与政策要求相互作用的结果,需要完善适合本医院文化的“本土化”绩效考核体系和分配测算方法。     

星级护士考评法在护理人员绩效考核中的应用

在医院平衡记分卡、岗位管理的基础上将已有8年考核经验的星级护士考评法融入护理人员的绩效考核中,具有较强的操作性,使绩效考核更客观有效。     

利用信息化手段的医院后勤综合调度平台“一体化”建设

医院后勤建设是医院整体工作的重要一环,但后勤本身发展往往与医院整体发展速度不同步。从改变后勤服务理念的角度入手,利用信息化的手段,建立符合当前后勤管理需要的“一体化”调度平台是一条新思路。通过一系列的流程再造和干预,实现报修和申请的全过程质量控制是解决目前后勤服务效率较低、服务能力不足、多头管理、圆圈现象、绩效考核与实际脱离等问题的有效途径。     

“医药分开”下医技科室绩效管理改革的探索

在北京市“医药分开”改革的背景下,医院作为改革试点医院,探索建立基于医疗成果的岗位管理绩效考核与分配新机制。文章主要介绍了新的绩效管理方案在医院医技科室的实践应用。新的方案探索将医技工作的操作难度、风险大小、工作时长等方面作为考核因素,力求通过新机制的建立,合理地提高医技科室的工作量与工作质量,调动医技工作人员积极性,真正体现医务人员的价值。     

以病人为中心的现代化医院后勤管理模式的建立

现代化的强有力的整体后勤保障是现代化医院管理的重要条件,也是坚持“以病人为中心”的重要保证。随着医院改革的不断深入,医院后勤管理必须转变观念,引进国外先进管理模式,在坚持“以病人为中心,服务为宗旨,满意为目标”原则的指导下,探索适合我国国情的医院后勤管理新模式[1     

公立医院岗位设置的困境与辩证思索

公立医院以调整收入分配为主要目的,在缺乏工作分析的条件下进行了岗位设置,设专业技术、管理和工勤这3类岗位。由于工作目标局限于眼前现实,“身份管理”的历史问题不能一时解决,管理水平难以快速提升,岗位设置在设岗、定级和考评等方面遇到很多问题,未达到满意效果。岗位设置实施至今,面临续聘和岗位说明书更新调整,公立医院需要围绕岗位设置做好人员准入、培训和考核,需要推进人才队伍的团队建设、进行人员配备,也需要根据绩效考核情况及时审查和调整岗位设置内容,还需要辩证地运用因人设岗和因岗设人,努力做到事得其人、人尽其能,由此进一步巩固和提升岗位设置的成效,深入推进公立医院管理体制改革。     

以管理成效为导向的医院职能部门绩效考核方法研究

目的 探索适应公立医院绩效评价背景的职能部门绩效考核方法。方法 在文献复习、专题小组讨论和专家访谈的基础上,调研不同类别公立医院进行分析,梳理公立医院职能部门绩效考核的概况、职能部门职责发展变化以及职能部门待解决的问题。结果 发现职能部门任务复杂化,面临系列问题亟待解决,现有的职能部门绩效考核方法有待发展。提出以管理成效为导向的职能部门绩效考核方法;从重点工作、日常行政工作、管理能力进行考核,旨在激励约束职能部门改进管理成效。结论 建立健全以管理成效为导向的职能部门绩效考核方法是促进公立医院执行公立医院绩效评价政策的有益探索。     

以病人为中心的现代化医院后勤管理模式的建立

现代化的强有力的整体后勤保障是现代化医院管理的重要条件,也是坚持“以病人为中心”的重要保证.随着医院改革的不断深入,医院后勤管理必须转变观念,引进国外先进管理模式,在坚持＂以病人为中心,服务为宗旨,满意为目标＂原则的指导下,探索适合我国国情的医院后勤管理新模式。     

以公益性为导向的公立医院绩效考核体系构建

目的 建立以公益性为导向、改善医院经济效益的绩效考核体系。方法 在文献研究、专题研讨和专家访谈的基础上,建立绩效考核体系框架,应用历史数据验证考核体系。结果 建立一个目标、四大类别科室、三大考核模块、院科二级考核分配的绩效考核体系。结论 绩效考核体系以公益性为根本,通过规模效益改善医院经营效果,有利于公立医院改革发展。     

医院核心人力资源医疗绩效考核的总体设计

激发医院核心员工的工作热情和创造性,是医院长期关注的一个方面。从医院绩效管理实际出发,介绍了医院实施核心人力资源医疗绩效考核的理论基础、考核原则和考核步骤。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.     

Composition and diversity of bird communities in Swedish farmland–forest mosaic landscapes

CapsuleThe amount of forest (at local and landscape scales) and occurrence of residual habitats at the local scale are shown to be the major factors influencing bird community composition in farmland–forest landscapes in central Sweden.

Aims To investigate the importance of local habitat and landscape structure for breeding birds in farmland–forest landscapes in central Sweden.

Methods Breeding birds were censused at 292 points. A detailed habitat mapping was made within 300 m of the points. Within a 300–600 m radius only two major habitats (forests and arable fields) were identified.

Results Cluster analyses of bird communities identified three site types that also differed in habitat composition: (i) partially forested sites in forested landscapes; (ii) heterogeneous sites with residual habitats in mosaic landscapes; and (iii) field-dominated farmland sites in open landscapes. A total of 19 of 25 farmland bird species (restricted to farmland or using both farmland and forest) had the highest abundance in farmland sites with mosaics of forest and farmland, while only six farmland species had the highest abundance in field-dominated sites. The bird community changed from being dominated by farmland species to being dominated by forest species (common in forest landscapes without farmland) at small proportions (10–20%) of forest at the local scale. A major difference in habitat composition between heterogeneous and field-dominated sites was the occurrence of different residual habitats (e.g. shrubby areas and seminatural grasslands). These habitats seemed to influence bird community composition more than land-use, despite covering <10% of the area. Seminatural grasslands were important for bird community composition and species-richness, but grazing seemed to be less important. Among different land-use types, cereal crops were the least preferred fields. Set-asides with tall vegetation and short rotation coppices were positively associated with species-richness of farmland birds.

Conclusion In general, the composition of the landscape was important for bird community composition, although amount and distribution of forests, occurrence of residual habitats and land-use of fields at the local scale had the strongest influence on bird community composition. The possible implications of these patterns for managing farmland–forest landscapes are discussed.     

Chemical constituents from the fruits of Rhus typhina L. and their chemotaxonomic significance

This work describes the isolation and characterization of twenty-nine compounds from the fruits of Rhus typhina L., including eleven flavonoids (1–11), eleven phenols (12–22), two pentacyclic triterpenes (23–24), two organic acids (25–26), one lumichrome (27), one courmarin (28) and one pyrimidine (29) on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Compounds apigenin (1), daidzein (4), orobol (5), 3′, 5, 5′, 7-tetrahydroxyflavanone (6), naringenin (7), butein (8), (-)-catechin (9), quercetin-3-O-α-L-(3″-O-galloyl)-rhamnoside (11), 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (14), vanillin (15), methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (16), 3,5-dihydroxybenzamide (18), tyrosol (19), caffeic acid (20), 3-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propan-1-one (21), phlorizin (22), friedelin (23), oleanolic acid (24), 4,4-dimethyl-heptanedioic acid (25), anthranilic acid (26), lumichrome (27), scoparone (28) and uracil (29) have not been recorded before in this plant. This is the first report on the occurrence of compounds 4–7, 9, 11, 13–14, 16, 18–21, 25–29 from the genus Rhus. Moreover, the chemotaxonomic significance of these isolated compounds was also summarized.