中国小香菇属二新种

报道来自中国东北的小香菇属2个新种,即半开小香菇Lentinellus dimidiatus Yu Liu & Tolgor Bau和吉林小香菇Lentinellus jilinensis Yu Liu & Tolgor Bau,文中提供特征描述及线条图,并通过构建系统发育树讨论该两个新种在小香菇属中的系统位置。     

香菇的学名及其在当代真菌分类中的位置

本文综述了香菇(Lentinula edodes)的分类历史,确认其在蘑菇目(Agaricales)Tricholomataceae科下的分类地位,并证实了它与多孔菌目(Poriales)Lentinaceae科的Lentinus属没有联系。根据《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》,作者讨论了译为“香菇属”的Lentinus和“小香菇属”的Lentinellus两属的汉语学名问题,提出Lentinus的汉语学名应订正为“韧伞属”,Lentinellus为“螺壳菌属”。香菇所在的Lentinula属的汉语学名建议为“木菇属”。     

吉林省担子菌补记(九)

报道了6种吉林省新记录担子菌,即长孢马勃Lycoperdon oblongisporum Berk.& M.A.Curtis、小林块腹菌Kobayasia nipponica(Kobay·)S.Imai et A.Kawam.、扇形小香菇Lentinellus flabelliformis(Bolton)S.Ito、乳酪金钱菌Collybia butyracea(Fr.)P.Kumm.、赤褐棘刚毛状菌(拟)Echinochaete ruficeps(Berk·& Broome)Ryvarden、蜂斗叶杵瑚菌(拟)Pistillaria petasitidis S.Imai。其中,赤褐棘刚毛状菌和蜂斗叶杵瑚菌为中国新记录种。标本保存于吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)。     

中国小香菇属一新种(英文)

描述了在中国南方发现的1个小香菇属新种,因其腐生于竹杆上、菌柄细长,因而命名为竹生小香菇。模式标本(GDGM5271)保藏于广东省微生物研究所真菌标本馆。     

中国新纪录属--芜小叶蝉属分类研究(半翅目,叶蝉科,小叶蝉亚科)

报道中国小绿叶蝉族1新纪录属--芜小叶蝉属Usharia Dworakowska,并记述6个新种、3个中国新纪录种,编制了芜小叶蝉属中国种检索表.模式标本均保存于西北农林科技大学昆虫博物馆.     

中国小蠊属分类研究及一新种记述(蜚蠊亚目：姬蠊科)(英文)

本文对小蠊属Blattella Caudell分类研究进行了回顾, 并记述分布于中国的小蠊属9种, 其中含一新种B. singularis sp.nov., 对该种进行了描述并提供了形态特征图。编制了我国小蠊属种的检索表。     

达氏科中国一新纪录属及三新种(扁形动物门,单肠目,达氏亚目)

报道淡水扁形动物中国1新纪录属--小达氏涡虫属及3新种:木鱼小达氏涡虫Microdalyellia muyuensissp.nov.,神农架小达氏涡虫M.shennongjiae sp nov.,中国小达氏涡虫M sinensis sp.nov..前2种标本采于湖北省神农架木鱼镇的溪流,后1种采于广东汕头市郊区小河;对3新种涡虫的形态特征作了详细描述和比较,并与近似种进行了比较.     

小黄斑蜂属1904在中国的首次发现及三新种记述(蜜蜂总科,切叶蜂科,黄斑蜂族)

小黄斑蜂属Anthidiellum Cockerell,1904为中国首次报道的属.记述中国切叶蜂科小黄斑蜂属AnthidiellumCockerell,小黄斑蜂亚属Anthidiellum s.str.Cockerell的种类,并编制了3新种的检索表,3新种是:大盾小黄斑蜂Anthidiellum(s.str.)scutellatum sp.nov.,北方小黄斑蜂Anthidiellum(s.str.)borealis sp.nov.,新疆小黄斑蜂An-thidiellum(s.str)xinjiangensis sp.nov..模式标本均保存于中国科学院动物研究所.     

角唇宽猛蚁工蚁的发现及中国云南小盲猛蚁属一新种记述 (膜翅目:蚁科)(英文)

首次发现并描述角唇宽猛蚁PlatythyreaclypeataForel的工蚁。宽猛蚁属PlatythyreaRoger和角唇宽猛蚁P .clypeataForel为中国新记录属种。在中国记载小盲猛蚁属ProbolomyrmexMayr 2种 :长结小盲猛蚁P .longinodusTerayamaetOgata分布于台湾省 ,长柄小盲猛蚁P .longiscapussp .nov .新种分布于云南省。     

小刺甲属系统学研究(鞘翅目,拟步甲科)

对中国及其毗邻地区的小刺甲属Myatis Bates,1879进行了系统学研究,共记录7种,绘制了新种和已知种的特征图和的成虫照片,编制了世界小刺甲属已知种检索表,并对该属的系统进化关系进行了初步的支序分析.标本保存在河北大学博物馆.新种描述如下.     

Variability and phylogenetic incongruence of an SSU nrDNA group I intron in Artomyces,Auriscalpium, and Lentinellus (Auriscalpiaceae: Homobasidiomycetes)

Previous research has shown that a group I intron occurs in the SSU ribosomal DNA gene of isolates of Artomyces (Clavicorona, in part) and Lentinellus, but apparently it is absent in an Auriscalpium isolate. However, further investigation revealed that the intron is apparently absent in some species of Artomyces and Lentinellus and is present in at least one species of Auriscalpium. To examine this further, the presence or absence of the group I intron is reported for 13 species of Lentinellus, two species of Auriscalpium, and 16 species of Artomyces. The presence of the intron among the species was variable and is documented for seven species of Lentinellus, one species of Auriscalpium, and 12 species of Artomyces. Furthermore, the presence of the intron was variable among the isolates of several species, and variability of its presence was observed within single isolates, indicating inter-ribosomal repeat heterogeneity. Independent phylogenetic estimations were generated for the intron and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS). Tests of congruence for the two trees indicated that the data were heterogeneous. Some of the discontinuity between the two phylogenies is due to placement of the Ar. austropiperatus intron within the Lentinellus intron clade. Variability in the length of the intron was observed in populations of the pan-Northern Temperate species Ar. pyxidatus. This was due to the presence of an additional unknown insertional element found only within North American collections of Ar. pyxidatus and absent from European and Asian collections.     

Phylogenetic evidence for horizontal transmission of group I introns in the nuclear ribosomal DNA of mushroom-forming fungi

Group I introns were discovered inserted at the same position in the nuclear small-subunit ribosomal DNA (nuc-ssu-rDNA) in several species of homobasidiomycetes (mushroom-forming fungi). Based on conserved intron sequences, a pair of intron-specific primers was designed for PCR amplification and sequencing of intron-containing rDNA repeats. Using the intron-specific primers together with flanking rDNA primers, a PCR assay was conducted to determine presence or absence of introns in 39 species of homobasidiomycetes. Introns were confined to the genera Panellus, Clavicorona, and Lentinellus. Phylogenetic analyses of nuc-ssu-rDNA and mitochondrial ssu-rDNA sequences suggest that Clavicorona and Lentinellus are closely related, but that Panellus is not closely related to these. The simplest explanation for the distribution of the introns is that they have been twice independently gained via horizontal transmission, once on the lineage leading to Panellus, and once on the lineage leading to Lentinellus and Clavicorona. BLAST searches using the introns from Panellus and Lentinellus as query sequences retrieved 16 other similar group I introns of nuc-ssu-rDNA and nuclear large-subunit rDNA (nuc-lsu-rDNA) from fungal and green algal hosts. Phylogenetic analyses of intron sequences suggest that the mushroom introns are monophyletic, and are nested within a clade that contains four other introns that insert at the same position as the mushroom introns, two from different groups of fungi and two from green algae. The distribution of host lineages and insertion sites among the introns suggests that horizontal and vertical transmission, homing, and transposition have been factors in intron evolution. As distinctive, heritable features of nuclear rDNAs in certain lineages, group I introns have promise as phylogenetic markers. Nevertheless, the possibility of horizontal transmission and homing also suggest that their use poses certain pitfalls.