短期铵态氮与硝态氮配施对刨花楠幼苗生长及叶片性状的影响

林木对不同形态氮素具有选择性吸收特征,铵态氮和硝态氮是植物吸收的主要氮素形态.为了明确刨花楠对铵态氮和硝态氮的吸收差异,采用盆栽试验方法,以铵态氮和硝态氮为氮源,以1年生刨花楠实生苗为研究对象,以当地山地红壤为基质,设置了7种不同的铵硝比配施添加试验,研究氮素形态和配比对刨花楠幼苗生长和叶片性状的影响.结果 表明:不同...     

8种盐生植物种子萌发特征与NaCl盐度的关系

耐盐植物的选育是盐渍土地生物改良的关键。通过对13个NaCl盐度梯度下，真盐生植物囊果碱蓬、盐地碱蓬、高碱蓬、盐角草、盐爪爪，泌盐植物大叶补血草、耳叶补血草、黄花补血草8种盐生植物的萌发试验，测定其种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和相对盐害率等指标，研究不同NaCl盐度胁迫对其萌发特性的影响。结果表明：低盐度（50 mmol/L）能促进8种盐生植物的萌发；随着盐度的上升，盐角草、盐地碱蓬、囊果碱蓬、高碱蓬表现出较强的萌发耐盐性，发芽势和发芽指数优于其他植物；盐角草的萌发耐盐性最佳，在1000 mmol/L盐度下萌发率仍能达到54.0%。进一步通过S型生长曲线和线性模型分析得出，8种植物为对抗逆境大致分为"快速型"和"缓慢型"两种萌发策略；随盐度的升高，初始萌发时间和萌发高峰时间均不同程度的向后推迟。盐度≤200 mmol/L时，囊果碱蓬的萌发占据优势，其萌发速率大于其他植物，且差异显著；中盐度400 mmol/L左右时，盐地碱蓬和盐角草萌发最快，二者无显著差异；盐度≥600 mmol/L时，盐角草萌发速率较快，相比其他植物差异显著。泌盐植物的萌发耐盐适宜浓度和耐盐极限浓度均低于真盐生植物。8种植物均有作为氯化物为主盐渍土地区生物改良材料的潜力。     

不同形态氮素配比对盐胁迫下菊芋幼苗生理的影响

采用砂培方法研究了不同铵硝配比(NH4+/NO3-分别为4/1、1/1、1/4)的氮素营养和盐分胁迫耦合作用下菊芋幼苗的光合作用和离子吸收运输.结果表明:低浓度的盐胁迫对植物生长的抑制作用不大,而高浓度的盐胁迫却能明显抑制菊芋幼苗生物量的积累,在同一盐浓度下,提高硝态氮比例能够缓解盐胁迫对菊芋幼苗生长的抑制,促进菊芋幼苗鲜重和干重的增加;随着盐浓度的增加,菊芋幼苗地上部和地下部的Na+含量显著增加,而K+、Ca2+含量较对照显著降低,提高硝态氮比例有利于菊芋幼苗对K+和Ca2+的吸收和向上运输,从而维持地上部较高的K+/Na+和Ca2+/Na+;在3种铵硝比的氮素营养处理下,随着盐浓度的增加,菊芋幼苗叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率较对照均呈显著下降的趋势,细胞间隙CO2浓度则显著增加,提高硝态氮比例可显著提高盐胁迫下菊芋幼苗的叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率,同时也能显著降低胞间CO2浓度,其中以铵硝比为1/4的氮素营养供应对盐胁迫的缓解作用相对较好,在100 mmol·L-1NaCl处理下其叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率分别是铵硝比为4/1的氮素营养处理值的1.63、1.57、1.39、1.37、1.2倍,而胞间CO2浓度则减少了17%.因此相对于铵态氮来说,硝态氮比例的增加有利于维持盐胁迫下菊芋幼苗体内矿质营养元素含量平衡,促进盐胁迫下菊芋光合功能的改善,增强菊芋对盐胁迫的抗性.     

植物氮素吸收与转运的研究进展

氮素是植物生长发育所必须的基本营养元素,在植物生长发育和形态建成中起着重要作用.土壤中植物所利用的主要氮素形式是铵态氮和硝态氮,在进化过程中植物形成不同的吸收和转运铵态氮和硝态氮的分子机制.该文对植物吸收与转运氮素的生理学特征、分子机制及涉及的相关基因等研究进行概括性综述,为研究水稻中氮素吸收、转运相关基因提供理论基础...     

盐角草在Cd、Pb、Li污染盐土修复中的应用潜力

滩涂和内陆盐碱地是重要的后备土地资源。近年来镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)等土壤重金属和锂(Li)污染对盐碱地开发利用和生产安全造成严重威胁。利用盐生植物修复污染盐土是最经济有效的方法。本研究以盐生植物盐角草SalicorniaeuropaeaL.为材料,采用盆栽方式,通过比较分析盐角草在不同浓度Cd(0-50mmol/L)、Pb(0-50 mmol/L)和Li(0-400 mmol/L)处理下的生长和生理生化指标及离子含量的变化,研究盐角草对3种金属污染物胁迫的耐性及积累特性,以期探讨盐角草在Cd、Pb、Li污染盐土修复中的应用潜力。结果显示,随着Cd、Pb处理浓度升高,盐角草的株高、鲜重和干重均显著下降。低浓度Li(≤20 mmol/L)处理促进盐角草的生长,而高浓度Li(≥20mmol/L)处理则抑制植物生长。盐角草对Cd、Pb、Li的耐受性顺序为Li>Pb>Cd。Cd、Pb、Li胁迫可能降低了盐角草对Na和K的吸收与转运而影响植株的生长。另一方面,盐角草抗氧化酶系统对Cd、Pb、Li胁迫表现出不同的响应机理,多种抗氧化物酶协同作用,抵制Cd、Pb、Li胁迫造成的氧化毒害。盐角草根和地上部分Cd、Pb、Li含量随着处理浓度的升高而增加,其中Cd和Pb的分布特征为根>地上部分,Li的分布特征为地上部分>根。研究结果表明盐角草对Cd、Pb、Li的胁迫均具有较强的耐受性与自我调节能力,且具有富锂特性,具备修复Cd、Pb、Li污染盐土的潜力。本研究为深入研究盐角草耐受Cd、Pb、Li胁迫的机制奠定了基础,揭示了利用盐角草修复高盐碱土壤中Cd、Pb、Li污染的应用潜力。     

氮素营养对苗期菘蓝叶中硝酸还原酶活性与矿质元素吸收的影响

采用正交试验设计,研究铵态氮、硝态氮和酰胺态氮3种氮素形态及其不同浓度配比对苗期菘蓝的单株干重、叶内的硝酸还原酶活性及矿质元素吸收的影响。结果显示:(1)影响苗期菘蓝单株干重的氮素形态依次为酰胺态氮>铵态氮>硝态氮。(2)不同氮素形态对叶片硝酸还原酶活性影响有差异,铵态氮影响最大,其次是硝态氮和酰胺态氮。(3)不同形态氮素配合施用后均能促进P、K、Ca、Mg、Cd、Mn、Cr、Sr 8种元素的吸收,但不利于Ni和Fe的吸收;元素吸收受铵态氮影响最大的矿质元素有K、Ba、Se、Ni、B、Si、Fe 7种元素,受硝态氮影响最大的元素有P、Cd、Ti、Al、Cu 5种元素,受酰胺态氮影响最大的元素有Na、Ca、Mg、Zn、Mo、Mn、Cr、Sr 8种元素。研究表明,不同形态氮素对苗期菘蓝吸收矿质元素的影响存在很大的差异,应注重酰胺态氮与无机的铵态氮、硝态氮的配合施用;适宜氮素形态及其配比能提高叶中硝酸还原酶的活性并促进矿质元素的吸收,从而有效地促进菘蓝的生长。     

NaCl对中华补血草叶片盐腺发育及其泌盐速率的影响

以中华补血草(Limonium sinenseKuntze)为实验材料,研究了不同浓度NaCl处理对其生长、盐腺发育及泌盐速率的影响.结果显示:(1)随着NaCl浓度的升高,植株干重和鲜重均先显著升高后逐渐下降,当NaCl处理浓度为100 mmol/L时,植株干、鲜重达到最大;(2)与对照相比,300 mmol/L NaCl处理下盐腺的分泌细胞及平均直径差异不显著,而在1002、00 mmol/L的NaCl处理下显著增大;(3)随着NaCl浓度的升高,盐腺密度显著升高且叶片上表面盐腺总数明显高于对照,单个盐腺的泌盐速率和叶片整体泌盐速率均显著升高.结果表明,100~200 mmol/L NaCl处理可显著促进中华补血草盐腺的发育及泌盐能力,300 mmol/L以上NaCl处理对盐腺的直径影响不显著,但可显著促进盐腺的泌盐能力.     

不同氮素形态比例对五味子幼苗生长特性的影响

以2年生五味子苗木为试验材料,在田间条件下,施以铵态氮(NH4+-N)和硝态氮(NO3--N)不同比例,分析了叶片可溶性蛋白、叶绿素含量、根系及茎叶中全氮含量、生物量等季节的动态变化规律,探讨了不同氮素形态比例对五味子苗木生长的影响。结果表明,五味子苗木在不同生长时期对不同氮素形态的吸收和利用存在明显差异,NH4+-N和NO3--N对五味子幼苗生长有显著的联合效应。在五味子生长前期,五味子主要以吸收和同化NH4+-N为主,并以铵态氮和硝态氮比例为75∶25时地上部生物量积累较多;而在五味子生长的中后期,五味子主要以NO3--N吸收和同化为主,并以铵态氮和硝态氮比例为25∶75时地上部生物量积累较多。     

马尾松组培苗对氮素形态的生长响应

马尾松属高氮需求树种,然而在苗木培育中马尾松对氮素,尤其是不同形态氮素的需求尚不明确。该文以马尾松组培苗为试验材料,采用基质培养方法,针对硝态氮、铵态氮两种氮素形态均分别设置了2、4、8、16 mmol·L~(-1)4个处理,以不添加氮素为对照,对苗木的高径生长、根构型参数(总根长、总表面积、总体积、平均直径和根尖数)以及生物量的变化进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在2～8 mmol·L~(-1)硝态氮处理下,除根冠比外,苗高、地径、根构型参数、生物量均不低于对照,其中以2 mmol·L~(-1)水平下苗木生长效果最好,苗高、地径、根构型参数、生物量均高于对照;在16 mmol·L~(-1)硝态氮处理下,苗高、总根长与根尖数低于对照。(2)在2～16 mmol·L~(-1)供试范围内,铵态氮处理下的苗木根冠比小于对照,但其苗高、地径、根构型参数、生物量均不低于对照,整体上以4 mmol·L~(-1)处理下的苗木生长表现最佳。(3)在任一供氮水平,除根冠比和2mmol·L~(-1)处理下的根总表面积与根尖数在两种氮素形态间无明显差异外,铵态氮处理下的苗木生长情况显著优于硝态氮处理,这说明马尾松组培苗偏好于吸收和利用铵态氮。综上结果表明,外施硝态氮、铵态氮均能促进马尾松组培苗生长,但需控制在适宜浓度范围内,其中以2 mmol·L~(-1)硝态氮和4 mmol·L~(-1)铵态氮处理效果较佳。高浓度硝态氮会抑制苗木高度及根系发育,且在相同施肥水平下,对苗木生长的促进效果大多弱于铵态氮。因此,今后为达到培育优质壮苗和提高肥效、减少肥害的目的,可考虑使用铵态氮肥。     

矮嵩草草甸主要植物不同器官对氮素的吸收及分配特征研究

以高寒矮嵩草(Kobresia humilis)草甸7个主要植物种为研究对象,利用15 N同位素标记技术,通过分析不同器官对氮素的吸收及分配特征,揭示主要植物种在群落中的生态适应性、竞争力和地位。结果显示:(1)矮嵩草的叶和茎、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)的叶,以及双柱头藨草(Scirpus distigmaticus)和鹅绒委陵菜(Potentilla anserina)的叶、茎、根均偏好累积硝态氮,早熟禾(Poa annua)的穗和叶以及甘肃马先蒿(Pedicularis kansuensis)和短穗兔耳草(Lagotis brachystachya)的根均偏好积累铵态氮。(2)矮嵩草对吸收的甘氨酸和硝态氮主要分配于叶中,铵态氮分配于茎中;双柱头藨草对吸收的甘氨酸和硝态氮主要分配于茎中,铵态氮分配于叶中;垂穗披碱草和早熟禾对吸收的硝态氮和铵态氮主要分配于叶中;垂穗披碱草对吸收的甘氨酸主要分配于根中,而早熟禾将较多的甘氨酸分配到穗中;甘肃马先蒿对吸收的硝态氮主要分配于叶中,铵态氮分配于根中;鹅绒委陵菜对吸收的甘氨酸、硝态氮和铵态氮主要分配于叶中;短穗兔耳草对吸收的甘氨酸主要分配于叶中,硝态氮和铵态氮主要分配于根中。(3)在牧草生长盛期,矮嵩草草甸土壤的有机氮和无机氮主要贡献于甘肃马先蒿的花、早熟禾的穗、垂穗披碱草的根和鹅绒委陵菜的茎叶。研究表明,高寒矮嵩草草甸主要植物不同器官对氮素的吸收及分配呈现多元化特征,因不同植物种的生物学特性和生态适应习性而异。     

Nitrogen acquisition in four co-existing species from an upland acidic grassland

The concentration of both nitrate and ammonium nitrogen was measured in soil taken from an upland acidic (pH 4.5) grassland habitat, containing four co-existing species, Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin., Festuca ovina L., Juncus squarrosus L. and Nardus stricta L. Both nitrate and ammonium nitrogen were found to be present in the soil, in similarly small quantities. The effect of both sources of nitrogen on relative growth rate was studied, and an attempt was made to determine whether nitrate or ammonium nitrogen is the immediate source of nitrogen for these plants using assays of nitrate reductase (EC 1.6.6.2) and ammonium uptake. All four species showed larger growth rates on the same concentration of ammonium nitrogen compared to nitrate nitrogen. All species showed low activities of leaf nitrate reductase, even in plants grown on 18 mol nitrate m⁻³. Ammonium uptake activity appeared to be higher in species which showed the lowest nitrate reductase activity and least response to increasing nitrate concentration in the growth medium.     

Growth and amino acid contents of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Spirulina platensis</Emphasis> with different nitrogen sources

The growth and amino acid contents of the cyanobacterium,Spirulina platensis strain NIES 46, were investigated using ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, or urea as the sole nitrogen source in a batch culture. Chlorophylla concentration was highest at 2,096 μg/L in the nitrate group after 10 days of cultivation, while the dry weight ofS. platensis was highest at 4.5 g/L in the ammonium group after 30 days of cultivation. The total amino acid content was highest at 174 mg/g dry weight ofS. platensis in the urea group at the end of the cultivation period, yet the amino acid patterns forS. platensis were similar for all the experimental groups. Therefore, it seemed that the growth and amino acid composition ofS. platensis varied depending on the type of nitrogen sources, while the amino acid patterns were not changed. Also, the most efficient harvesting time forS. platensis seemed to be approximately 10 days after cultivation.     

Nitrogen utilization by sulfur-deficient barley plants depends on the nitrogen form

Combined nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilization positively influences yield and quality in cereal crops, and S additions can enhance N use efficiency. Previous studies showed that S deficiency leads to a particular strong decrease in nitrate reductase activity and in nitrate uptake relative to ammonium. We therefore tested the hypothesis whether N fertilization in the form of urea improves N utilization under S deficiency. When barley plants were grown on a S-deficient soil for seven weeks, N additions increased biomass and S concentrations in shoots of nitrate- and urea-supplied plants to the same extent. Under S deficiency nitrate-supplied plants accumulated more N in the form of nitrate and asparagine than urea-supplied plants. This supported the view that asparagine synthesis under S deficiency is induced under supply of nitrate but not or much less by urea. Hydroponically grown plants were then assayed for their nitrate and nitrite reductase activities in response to S supply. Nitrate reductase activity sharply decreased under limiting S supply, while nitrite reductase activity did not respond to S supply, indicating that nitrate reduction rather than nitrite reduction represents the S-limited assimilatory process. Thus, although nitrate reduction is particularly sensitive to S deficiency, urea supply did not improve growth and N efficiency under limited S availability but rather prevented an excess accumulation of asparagine.     

Effect of trickle fertigation with three forms of nitrogen on soil pH,levels of extractable nutrients below the emitter and plant growth

The effects of application of nitrogen as calcium nitrate, urea or ammonium sulphate at two rates through the trickle irrigation system on pH and nutrient status of the wetted volume of soil below the emitters and on growth and nutrition of courgette (zucchini) plants (Cucurbita pepo L.) was investigated. Soil acidification, caused by nitrification, occurred to a large extent in the volume of soil immediately below the emitters in the urea and ammonium sulphate treatments. Acidification was greater at the high rate of N addition and more pronounced with ammonium sulphate than urea. A significant amount of applied urea appeared to move through the soil as urea and consequently, at the same rate of N addition, levels of ammonium were lower directly below the emitter and those of nitrate were higher further away from the emitters for the urea than ammonium sulphate treatments. Soil acidification below the emitters resulted in significant decreases in levels of exchangeable Ca, Mg and K and increases in levels of exchangeable Al, EDTA-extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu and bicarbonate-extractable P. Vegetative growth and harvestable yields of courgettes were increased by both irrigation and nitrogen applications. Vegetative growth was generally greater at the low rate of N addition than at the high one and generally followed the order calcium nitrate > urea > ammonium sulphate. However, fruit yields followed the order urea > ammonium sulphate > calcium nitrate and were larger at the high rate of N for urea and ammonium sulphate treatments and unaffected by rate for the calcium nitrate treatments. It is suggested that with fertigation, the form of applied N can have significant physiological effects of plant growth and yields because N may be applied into the root zone on numerous occasions during the growing season.     

Differential Effects of Ammonium and Nitrate on Growth Performance of <i>Glechoma longituba</i> under Heterogeneous Cd Stress

Water, minerals, nutrients, etc., can be shared by physiological integration among inter-connected ramets of clonal plants. Nitrogen plays an important role in alleviating cadmium (Cd) stress for clonal plants. But how different forms of nitrogen affect growth performance of clonal plants subjected to heterogeneous Cd stress still remains poorly understood. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the differential effects of ammonium and nitrate on growth performance of Glechoma longituba under heterogeneous Cd stress. In the experiment, parent ramets of Glechoma longituba clonal fragments were respectively supplied with modified Hoagland solution containing 7.5 mM ammonium, 7.5 mM nitrate or the same volume of nutrient solution without nitrogen. Cd solution with different concentrations (0, 0.1 or 2.0 mM) was applied to offspring ramets of the clonal fragments. Compared with control (N-free), nitrogen addition to parent ramets, especially ammonium, significantly improved antioxidant capacity [glutathione (GSH), proline (Pro), peroxidase (POD,) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)], PSII activity [maximum quantum yield of PSII (F_v/F_m) and effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII)], chlorophyll content and biomass accumulation of the offspring ramets suffering from Cd stress. In addition, negative effects of nitrate on growth performance of whole clonal fragments were observed under Cd stress with high concentration (2.0 mM). Transportation or sharing of nitrogen, especially ammonium, can improve growth performance of clonal plants under heterogeneous Cd stress. The experiment provides insight into transmission mechanism of nitrogen among ramets of clonal plants suffering from heterogeneous nutrient supply. Physiological integration might be an important ecological strategy for clonal plants adapting to heterogeneous environment stress conditions.     

Free amino acid, ammonium and nitrate concentrations in soil solutions of a grazed coastal marsh in relation to plant growth

Soluble free amino acids, ammonium and nitrate ions as sources of nitrogen for plant growth were measured in soils of a coastal marsh grazed by snow geese in Manitoba, Canada. Amounts of nitrogen, primarily ammonium ions, increased in the latter half of the growing season and over winter, but fell to low values early in the growing season. Free amino acid concentrations relative to ammonium concentrations were highest during the period of rapid plant growth in early summer, especially in soils in the intertidal zone, where the median ratio of amino acid nitrogen to ammonium nitrogen was 0·36 and amino acid concentrations exceeded those of ammonium ions in 24% of samples. Amino acid profiles, which were dominated by alanine, proline and glutamic acid, were similar to goose faecal profiles. In a continuous flow hydroponic experiment conducted in the field, growth of the salt‐marsh grass, Puccinellia phryganodes, on glycine was similar to growth on ammonium ions at an equivalent concentration of nitrogen. When supplies of soil inorganic nitrogen are low, amino acids represent a potentially important source of nitrogen for the re‐growth of plants grazed by geese and amino acid uptake may be as high as 57% that of ammonium ions.     

不同氮素形态及水分胁迫对水稻苗期水分吸收、光合作用及生长的影响

采用室内营养液培养,聚乙二醇（PEG6000）模拟水分胁迫处理、HgCl2抑制水通道蛋白活性的方法,在3种供氮形态下（NH4^＋-N／NO36-N为100／0、50／50和0／100）,研究了水稻苗期水分吸收、光合及生长的状况。结果表明,在非水分胁迫下,水稻单位干重吸水量以单一供NO3^--N处理最高,加HgCl2抑制水通道蛋白活性后,单一供NO3^--N、NH4^＋-N和NH4^＋-N／NO3^--N为50,50处理的水稻水分吸收分别下降了9．6％、20．7％和16．0％;但在水分胁迫下,单一供N03^--N的处理水分吸收量显著降低,低于其它2个处理,加HgCl2抑制水通道蛋白活性后,水分吸收量分别降低了1．0％、18．8％和23．5％。在2种水分条件（水分胁迫与非水分胁迫）下,净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和细胞间隙CO2浓度等指标均以单一供NH4^＋-N处理最大,NH4^＋-N／NO3^--N为50,50处理次之,单一供NO3^--N处理最小。HgCl2处理结果表明,不同形态氮素营养能够影响水稻幼苗根系水通道蛋白活性。在2种水分条件下,NH4^＋-N／N03^--N为50,50处理的生物量（干重）均最大。本研究为水稻苗期合理施肥以壮苗提供了理论依据。     

镉对满江红（Azolla imbricata）-鱼腥藻（Anabaena azollae）共生体氮代谢的影响

在实验室条件下,研究了不同浓度(0、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5mg/L)的Cd对满江红-鱼腥藻共生体异型胞频率,固氮酶、谷氨酰氨合成酶活性以及铵态氮、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白、总氮含量的影响.结果表明,在整个实验期间,0.01mg/L Cd处理对上述指标均没产生显著影响,说明满江红-鱼腥藻共生体对Cd具有较强的耐性.当培养液中Cd浓度≥0.05mg/L时,随溶液中Cd浓度的增加和处理时间的推移,异型胞频率、固氮酶活性、谷氨酰氨合成酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量和总氮含量逐渐下降,而铵态氮含量在处理初期显著降低,随后迅速增加,游离氨基酸含量则逐渐增加.研究结果表明高浓度的Cd处理导致满江红-鱼腥藻共生体氮代谢的紊乱,最终造成氮素积累量的下降.     

速效氮肥配施双氰胺对减控小白菜镉积累的作用

本文以小白菜为试材,研究了镉(Cd)污染土壤中配施双氰胺(DCD)对不同速效氮肥(硫酸铵,简称全铵;硝酸钠,简称全硝;11硫酸铵和硝酸钠,简称硝铵;尿素)下小白菜生长及Cd含量的影响。结果表明: 与对照相比,Cd污染土壤中配施DCD使全铵、硝铵和尿素处理下的小白菜可食部分鲜重分别增加583.3%、41.5%和206.8%,耐受系数(TI)和光合作用速率均大幅度提高;全硝处理则无明显变化。配施DCD使各氮肥处理下小白菜叶片的丙二醛、过氧化氢含量和超氧自由基产生速率均不同程度地下降,且以全铵和尿素处理的下降幅度最大。与对照相比,全铵、硝铵和尿素处理的小白菜叶片的Cd含量分别减少58.3%、34.0%和44.5%;叶柄的Cd含量分别减少61.8%、29.4%和55.6%。全硝处理下小白菜叶片和叶柄的Cd含量与对照相比无明显差异。配施DCD不同程度降低了各处理根际土壤的酸化可能是造成上述结果的主要原因。在缓冲能力较弱的Cd污染土壤中,施用全铵、硝铵和尿素氮肥时配施DCD可以缓解Cd污染土壤对小白菜生长的胁迫,并有效减少Cd在植物体内的积累。