微生态干预法预防肝硬化自发性腹膜炎38例疗效观察

目的观察培菲康对肝硬化腹水并自发性腹膜炎(SBP)的预防效果。方法对38例肝硬化腹水患者用培菲康(生态干预组)口服半年,观察SBP的发生率,并与诺氟沙星(药物预防组)口服预防的36例和未作预防用药(对照组)的32例进行预防效果的比较。结果干预组SBP的发生率为7.89%,对照组为25.00%,2组差异有显著性(P<0.05)。干预组和药物预防组预防效果差异无显著性(P>0.05)。干预组ALT和A lb得到显著改善,与药物组和对照组相比差异有显著性(P<0.025)。结论培菲康对肝硬化腹水并SBP具有较好的预防效果且能显著改善肝脏功能。     

乳果糖联合培菲康预防肝硬化自发性细菌性腹膜炎的疗效观察

目的 探讨乳果糖联合培菲康预防肝硬化自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)的疗效.方法 选择肝硬化失代偿期患者186例,随机分为乳果糖与培菲康联合治疗组和常规抗生素治疗组各93例,住院期间同时予以护肝利尿及对症支持治疗,用药3个月进行观察,并采集腹水样本,采用ELISA方法进行TNF-α和IL-6的检测.结果 肝硬化患者应用乳果糖与培菲康联合治疗组SBP发生率为12.9％,而常规抗生素治疗组SBP发生率为21.5％,二者间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SBP发生患者腹水TNF-α的水平为(1650±126) pg/mL,而未发生SBP为(1312±289) pg/mL,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SBP发生患者腹水IL-6的水平为(2566±138) pg/mL,而未发生SBP患者中为(924±251) pg/mL,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 肝硬化患者应用乳果糖联合培菲康可显著降低SBP的发生率.腹水TNF-α和IL-6的水平可监测肝硬化患者SBP的发生.     

双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片对肝硬化腹水白细胞计数及腹泻影响的临床观察

目的 研究双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片(金双歧)对肝硬化腹水伴腹泻患者腹水白细胞计数的影响及对腹泻的治疗效果,为指导临床安全、合理用药及为益生菌对自发性细菌性腹膜炎(spontaneous bacterial peritonitis,SBP)治疗提供临床依据.方法 采用前瞻性研究方法将63例肝硬化腹水同时伴有腹泻的住院患者随机分为两组,即治疗组(n=31)和对照组(n=32).治疗组在综合治疗的基础上加用金双歧,对照组仅给予综合治疗,疗程为14 d.治疗结束后观察治疗前后腹水白细胞计数变化及腹泻好转情况.结果 治疗组和对照组在治疗后,腹水白细胞计数均明显降低(P＜0.01).治疗前,治疗组和对照组腹水白细胞计数差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而治疗后两组相比,治疗组腹水白细胞计数降低明显(P＜0.05).治疗组腹泻缓解总有效率大于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 在综合治疗的基础上加用双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片更能明显降低肝硬化患者腹水白细胞计数,更能有效改善肝硬化患者腹泻症状,避免不良反应的发生,值得临床推广应用.     

培菲康对肝硬化血浆内毒影响的研究

目的　探讨益生菌制剂培菲康治疗肝硬化内毒素血症的作用机制。方法　采用大鼠肝硬化模型,其中治疗组予以培菲康液每天灌胃治疗,共8周,检测治疗组及对照组血浆内毒指标;并选取70例肝硬化Child-Pugh分级为B级的患者,其中治疗组口服培菲康胶囊(每次2粒,每天3次) 3周,观察治疗前后血浆内毒素变化。结果　培菲康治疗组的肝硬化大鼠及患者血浆内毒素均明显低于对照组( P<0 .0 5 )。结论　培菲康能明显降低肝硬化患者血浆内毒素水平,可作为肝硬化患者的辅助用药     

益生菌对肝硬化血氨影响的实验及临床研究

目的采用动物实验及临床观察,探讨益生菌制剂培菲康治疗肝硬化高氨血症的作用机制。方法采用大鼠肝硬化模型,其中治疗组予以培菲康悬液每天灌胃治疗共8周,检测治疗组及对照组血浆内毒素指标;并选用70例肝硬化Child-Pugh分级为B级的患者,其中治疗组口服培菲康胶囊(每次2粒,每日3次)3周,观察治疗前后血浆内毒素变化。结果培菲康治疗组的肝硬化大鼠及患者血浆内毒素均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论培菲康能明显降低肝硬化患者的血氨水平,可作为肝硬化患者的辅助用药。     

肝硬化患者口服培菲康和妈咪爱对肠道菌群影响的研究

目的:研究肝硬化患者肠道菌群的特点,观察患者口服妈咪爱和培菲康前后肠道菌群、粪便pH及血氮水平的变化.方法:选择肠道菌群中具有代表性的细菌共4种进行培养和计数.选择20例正常人为对照组,计数肠道菌群中4种细菌的数量.40例肝硬化患者随机分成2组,分别给予培菲康(三联活菌)及妈咪爱(二联活菌)共治疗14 d.观察治疗前后肠道菌群落计数、粪便pH、血氨水平.结果:①肝硬化组患者存在不同程度的肠道菌群失调,主要表现为双歧杆菌减少(P＜0.05),而肠球菌、肠杆菌则显著增多(P＜0.01)②菌群失调的严重程度随患者肝功能严重程度而加重.③临床表现有腹泻的肝硬化患者,肠道总体菌量和厌氧菌数量均低于非腹泻患者,以双歧杆菌(P＜0.01)减少为著.④两种益生菌制剂均可提高肝硬化患者肠道双歧杆菌的数量(P＜0.05),并可降低血氨和粪便pH(P＜0.05).结论:①肝硬化组患者存在肠道菌群失调.②益生菌制剂均可有效改善肝硬化患者肠道菌群失调并可降低血氨和粪便pH.     

双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片对肝硬化自发性腹膜炎患者肠黏膜屏障功能的保护作用

目的探讨双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片对肝硬化自发性腹膜炎（SBP）患者肠黏膜屏障功能的保护作用。方法选取乙肝后肝硬化SBP患者68例,随机分为观察组和对照组各34例。两组患者均予以保肝利尿、降血氨、降低门脉压、抗感染、补充白蛋白和营养支持等常规治疗。观察组患者加用双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片2.0 g/次,2次/d,连用2周。对照组患者除不使用双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片余治疗同观察组。观察两组患者治疗前后血清DAO和D-Lac水平的变化,并比较临床疗效。结果治疗2周后,两组患者血清DAO和D-Lac水平均较前明显下降（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,且观察组下降值明显大于对照组（P〈0.05）;同时观察组患者的临床总有效率（94.12%）明显高于对照组（73.53%）（χ2=5.31,P〈0.05）。结论双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片辅助治疗肝硬化SBP患者具有较好疗效,具有良好肠黏膜屏障保护功能。     

双歧杆菌DM-8504活菌制剂预防化疗引起的腹泻疗效观察

２２例肿瘤化疗患者采用随机对照交叉试验,对照组采用单纯化疗实验组采用化疗＋双歧杆菌活菌制剂。结果显示双歧杆菌活菌制剂可预防化疗引起的腹泻（对照组腹泻率４５．５％,实验组为２７．３％）,并可改善腹珠反应程度（重度腹泻率对照组为１８．２％,初级组为４．５％）,有统计学差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）,提示双歧杆菌活菌制剂预防化疗引起的腹泻疗效确切。     

微生态制剂“培菲康”治疗小儿感染性腹泻及便秘100例临床研究

培菲康为双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、粪链球菌组成的人体肠道微生态活菌制剂,本文采用此制剂治疗小儿菌痢２２例,有效率８１．８２％;小儿肠炎４７例,有效率８６．６％;便秘３１例,有效率达８７．１％。全部１００例,总有效率为８６％。所有病例未用抗菌药物。本文对微生态药物培菲康的药理作用及特点进行了讨论。     

微生态制剂培菲康经结肠途径给药联合补中益气丸治疗老年人肠道菌群失调相关性腹泻的临床研究

目的观察微生态制剂培菲康经结肠途径给药联合补中益气丸治疗老年人肠道菌群失调相关性腹泻的临床疗效。方法选取2013年1月至2014年12月于浙江省农业科学院卫生所确诊为肠道菌群失调相关性腹泻的老年患者105例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为培菲康组、联合组和灌肠组,每组各35例。在常规治疗基础上,培菲康组患者给予口服培菲康,联合组患者在口服培菲康基础上,联合口服补中益气丸,灌肠组患者给予培菲康灌肠,联合补中益气丸治疗。观察并比较两组临床症状改善情况、粪便检查结果及临床疗效。结果 3组平均起效时间之间的差异有统计学意义(F=5.273,P0.05),以灌肠组最快,其次为联合组、培菲康组。治疗14d后3组临床症状发生比例均较治疗前显著减少(P0.05),治疗后3组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后3组间比较,双歧杆菌、乳杆菌数量、肠道定植抗力在3组间的差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),其中,灌肠组显著优于其他两组(P0.05)。联合组、灌肠组的真菌感染发生率显著低于培菲康组(P0.05)。3组中以灌肠组的总有效率最高,其次为联合组、培菲康组。3组治疗过程中均未出现明显不良反应。结论与单用培菲康比较,联合使用补中益气丸可提高对老年人肠道菌群失调相关性腹泻的临床疗效,而培菲康经结肠途径给药疗效更优于口服给药,更有利于有益菌的定植生长,重建肠道微生态平衡,不良反应较轻,患者耐受良好,值得在临床推广应用。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.