广西蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅰ.水龙骨科

该文是广西蕨类植物孢子形态研究的第一部分。首次利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对广西产水龙骨科6属9种植物的孢子形态进行了观察研究。对每个种的孢子形态特征及表面纹饰进行了描述。水龙骨科6属9种植物孢子都为单裂缝类型孢子,孢子外壁表面具有皱状、细孔状、蠕虫状、瘤状、光滑、索状条纹和颗粒状纹饰7种纹饰类型。讨论了各属、种间的差异,为水龙骨科系统分类及孢粉学研究提供资料。     

广西蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅰ.水龙骨科

该文是广西蕨类植物孢子形态研究的第一部分。首次利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对广西产水龙骨科6属9种植物的孢子形态进行了观察研究。对每个种的孢子形态特征及表面纹饰进行了描述。水龙骨科6属9种植物孢子都为单裂缝类型孢子,孢子外壁表面具有皱状、细孔状、蠕虫状、瘤状、光滑、索状条纹和颗粒状纹饰7种纹饰类型。讨论了各属、种问的差异,为水龙骨科系统分类及孢粉学研究提供资料。     

海南七仙岭7种卷柏属植物的微观形态与生境间的关系分析

为探讨生境对卷柏属(Selaginella)植物微观形态的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜对海南七仙岭采集的7种卷柏属植物的侧叶、中叶、孢子叶的叶表皮形态以及小孢子形态进行全面观察分析,并计算气孔器大小、气孔密度、孢子大小等,比较分析其微观形态的区别及微形态与生境间的关系,为卷柏属植物的分类提供依据。结果显示:(1)同种卷柏属植物的侧叶、中叶与孢子叶在叶表皮形态上具明显差异,尤其是孢子叶上的气孔与营养叶相对较小且稀疏,与孢子叶的繁殖功能相符合。(2)不同种卷柏属植物的叶表皮特征也明显不同,主要表现在叶缘刺、气孔和瘤状突起上,表明这些特征可以作为卷柏属植物种间区分的依据。(3)卷柏属植物的小孢子形态稳定,纹饰多样;部分种间的小孢子形态相似,但可通过纹饰类型、裂缝的曲直进行区分。(4)琼海卷柏的小孢子具有独特的网状纹饰,暗示其具有独特的演化途径。(5)卷柏属植物叶表皮的气孔特征、瘤状突起特征,小孢子的颜色、纹饰,与海拔、生境的湿度有一定的相关性,但其形成机理有待进一步研究。     

异穗卷柏的显微与近红外光谱鉴定研究

对两种不同类型的异穗卷柏(Selaginella heterostachysBaker)药材的外观形态、孢子与茎的显微特征及近红外光谱特征进行了比较研究。结果表明:两类异穗卷柏的植株性状虽有明显不同,但其孢子形态、茎的解剖特征及近红外漫反射光谱特征一致。研究结果为异穗卷柏物种分类与药材鉴定提供了依据。     

26种丛藓科（Pottiaceae）植物孢子形态及其系统学意义

通过光学显微镜（LM）和扫描电镜（SEM）观察了26种国产丛藓科（Pottiaceae）植物孢子的形态特征,从孢子形态学角度佐证了这些类群在系统演化中的密切关系。结果表明：这26种植物的孢子在形态、近极面形状及孢壁纹饰等方面有较大的相似性,但在孢子大小和表面纹饰的细微结构及其分布等方面又有区别,显示了同科不同属、种间遗传的相似性及遗传分化。     

VA真菌球囊霉属种的简表

本文以简表形式介绍了VA真菌球囊霉属73个种的主要特征。简表首先根据孢子颜色将球囊霉属分成三组,每组内的种按孢子大小由小到大排列。在按一定程序观察孢子形态特征后,可利用本表初步查种。但本表不是检索表,也不是种的详述。因此,须经查对该种的详细描述及标本,图片后方可定种。     

三种石杉属植物孢子形态的扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电镜对采自湖北省利川市的蛇足石杉Huperzia serrata（Thunb.ex Murray）Trev.、皱边石杉H.crispate（Ching ex H.S.Kung）Ching和四川石杉H.sutchueniana（Herter）Ching3种植物孢子的大小、形态及表面纹饰等方面进行观察测量,并对每个种孢子形态特征进行了描述。结果表明,3种石杉属植物孢子均为四面体型、三裂缝、辐射对称,表面纹饰均呈穴状。不同种在孢子大小、裂缝长度、孔穴深浅程度以及辐射间区凹陷程度上存在差异。因孢子形态是稳定的,可作为种间划分的重要依据,同时,也为蕨类植物孢子形态学的研究提供参考。     

中国后生耳蕨组的孢子形态研究

对国产耳蕨属后生耳蕨组２６种的孢子形态进行了研究。结果表明,后生耳蕨组的孢子周壁纹饰可大致分为粗糙、翅状、脊状、穴状和网状６类。各种的周壁纹饰均有一定差异,同种的孢子形态较为稳定。从孢子形态特征看,支持Ｐｏｌｙｓｔｉｃｈｕｍ ｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｅ Ｃｈｒｉｓｔ和Ｐｊｉｚｈｕｓｈａｎｅｎｓｅ Ｃｈｉｎｇ为独立的种。本文还结合其它特征,讨论了后生耳蕨组孢子形态的演化趋势,进而从孢粉学的角度推测本组线鳞     

广西蕨类植物孢子形态的研究Ⅲ.凤尾蕨科

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对广西产凤尾蕨科及其近缘科蕨科、姬蕨科和碗蕨科5属9种植物的孢子形态进行了观察研究,详细描述了9种植物孢子的形态及表面纹饰特征.井栏边草、刺齿凤尾蕨、隆林凤尾蕨、剑叶凤尾蕨、林下凤尾蕨、蕨和碗蕨植物的孢子为三裂缝,辐射对称;极面观为钝三角形,赤道面观为半圆形或超半圆形;栗蕨和姬蕨植物孢子为...     

中国蕨类植物孢子形态的研究ⅩⅢ.叉蕨科

利用扫描电镜对中国产叉蕨科7属34种植物孢子的形态进行了观察。叉蕨科植物孢子为左右对称,极面观为椭圆形,赤道面观为半圆形、超半圆形或豆形;极轴长为18～38μm,赤道轴长为23～57μm;单裂缝,裂缝长度为孢子全长的1/2～2/3;孢子具脊状、翅状、刺状和耳状4种纹饰,孢子表面有时具细刺、颗粒或孔。通过孢粉学分析,叉蕨科依据孢子形态特征和依据孢子体形态特征的分类结果并不一致,孢粉纹饰类型呈现一定程度的属间交叉;支持将叉蕨科和鳞毛蕨科进行重新划分的MAARTEN J.M的新分类系统。     

Legumin- and vicilin-like proteins from spores of the fern Matteuccia struthiopteris

Legumin- and vicilin-like proteins have been isolated from spores of the fern Matteuccia struthiopteris. Their relationship with seed legumin and vicilin was demonstrated by cross-reactivities of antibodies directed against respective storage globulins from Vicia faba as evidenced by Western blotting. The Matteuccia legumin-like protein was characterised as a 300-340 kDa holoprotein preferentially consisting of a 32 kDa alpha-chain and a 24 kDa beta-chain. Patterns of limited proteolysis of the spore legumin-like protein and seed legumins were similar as well. In contrast to seed legumins, the Matteuccia legumin-like protein is devoid of disulfide bridges between alpha- and beta-chains. A 52 kDa polypeptide of the Matteuccia vicilin-like protein, first detected by SDS gel electrophoresis, is probably encoded by a vicilin-like gene specifically expressed in Matteuccia struthiopteris spores (Shutov et al. 1998). The vicilin-like holoprotein was found to form a complex of 600 kDa apparent molecular mass, presumably composed of four vicilin-like trimers.     

山东植物2个新记录属

报道了山东植物2个新记录属:荚果蕨属(Matteuccia Todaro)及其新记录种荚果蕨(Matteuccia struthiopteris(Linnaeus)Todaro),觿茅属(Dimeria Robert Brown)及其新记录种觿茅(Dimeria ornithopoda Trinius)。凭证标本均存放于山东中医药大学药学院标本室(SDCM)。     

色木槭的变异式样及其分类学

色木槭(Aeer mono Maxim.)是分布于亚洲东部的一个变异极大的种。本文报道了7个亚种:色木槭(原亚种)(subsp.mono);海岛色木槭(亚种)(subsp.marmoraturn(Nichols.)T.Z.Hsu);毛萼色木槭(亚种)(subsp.glabrum(Levl.et Vant.)T.Z.Hsu);里光色木槭(亚种)(subsp.trichobasis(Nakai)T.Z.Hsu);金沙色木槭(亚种)(subsp.tricuspis(Rehd.)T.Z.Hsu);弯翅色木槭(亚种)(subsp.incurvaturn(Fang et P.L.Chiu)T.Z.Hsu);粉绿色木槭(亚种)(subsp.glaucum(Koidz.)T.Z.Hsu),讨论了其变异式样和地理分布。     

Gene activity during germination of spores of the fern, Onoclea sensibilis: RNA and protein synthesis and the role of stored mRNA

Pattern of 3H-uridine incorporation into RNA of spores of Onoclea sensibilis imbibed in complete darkness (non-germinating conditions) and induced to germinate in red light was followed by oligo-dT cellulose chromatography, gel electrophoresis coupled with fluorography and autoradiography. In dark-imbibed spores, RNA synthesis was initiated about 24 h after sowing, with most of the label accumulating in the high mol. wt. poly(A) -RNA fraction. There was no incorporation of the label into poly(A) +RNA until 48 h after sowing. In contrast, photo-induced spores began to synthesize all fractions of RNA within 12 h after sowing and by 24 h, incorporation of 3H-uridine into RNA of irradiated spores was nearly 70-fold higher than that into dark-imbibed spores. Protein synthesis, as monitored by 3H-arginine incorporation into the acid-insoluble fraction and by autoradiography, was initiated in spores within 1-2 h after sowing under both conditions. Autoradiographic experiments also showed that onset of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm of the germinating spore is independent of the transport of newly synthesized nuclear RNA. One-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of 35S-methionine-labelled proteins revealed a good correspondence between proteins synthesized in a cell-free translation system directed by poly(A) +RNA of dormant spores and those synthesized in vivo by dark-imbibed and photo-induced spores. These results indicate that stored mRNAs of O. sensibilis spores are functionally competent and provide templates for the synthesis of proteins during dark-imbibition and germination.     

国家二级保护植物绵刺的生物、生态学特征

绵刺是一种古老孑遗的单种属植物,被国家列为首批二级保护植物,具有极其重要的科学研究价值。在分析总结多年的调查研究资料后,从绵刺形态特征、群落数量特征、繁殖特征及其生境等多个方面对绵刺的生物、生态学特征进行了研究。研究结果表明,好的生境中,绵刺的形态变异性大;在环境因子中,对水分的敏感性和依赖性最强,同时其分布和生长也受土壤类型和土壤盐分等的限制,生态适应性表现为耐高温、耐寒冷、耐瘠薄、适干旱、喜偏碱性环境;有三种繁殖方式,且三种方式的繁殖都比较困难,这是造成绵刺处于稀有状态的最主要原因。     

球子蕨精子器多样性的新观察

利用人工培养和石蜡切片技术,在光学显微镜下对球子蕨精子器的形态结构和着生位置进行了多样性观察。首次报道了过熟配子体的颈卵器萎缩消失,只有精子器正常发育,且其中肋有突起、中空、分层等现象。精子器可着生在中肋的外表面或埋生在中肋内部,也可以着生在中空中肋的内表面,精子器的结构也各不相同。讨论了球子蕨精子器形态结构及着生位置多样性的系统学意义,为探讨相关类群的系统演化补充了全新的基础资料。     

人参木属—五加科一新属

本文报导五加科一新属,人参本属Chengiopanax Shang et J.Y.Huang,新组合2种,即华人参木Ch.fargesii(Franch.)Shang et J.Y.Hung及人参木Ch.sciadophylloides(Franch.et Sav.)Shang et J.Y.Huang。     

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LIGHT CONDITIONS AND SUCROSE ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE GAMETOPHYTE OF THE FERN,ONOCLEA SENSIBILIS

Miller , J. H. (Yale U., New Haven, Conn.), and P. M. Miller . The effect of different light conditions and sucrose on the growth and development of the gametophyte of the fern, Onoclea sensibilis. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(2): 154–159. Illus. 1961.—Gametophytes grow rapidly under the highest intensity white fluorescent light used, 400 ft.-c. Growth is correspondingly less at 220 and 28 ft.-c., and at the lowest light intensity the gametophytes are markedly longer than wide. One percent sucrose added to the medium reverses the growth limitation imposed by low light intensity and produces a morphology comparable to that found under higher intensities. Sucrose does not sustain heterotrophic growth in total darkness, but permits growth if the gametophytes are given low dosages of red light. The effect of red light is reversible by far-red illumination.