猪2型圆环病毒ORF2基因在塞姆利基森林病毒RNA复制子衍生的新型真核表达载体中的表达

猪 2型圆环病毒 (porcinecircovirus 2 ,PCV2 )是断乳仔猪多系统衰竭综合征 (postweaningmultisystemicwastingsyndrome,PMWS)的原发性病原。PCV2的ORF2编码病毒唯一的结构蛋白Cap。根据GenBank中公布的PCV2JXL株的序列设计一对引物 ,应用PCR方法从该毒株感染的PK 15细胞中扩增出完整的ORF2基因 ,将此基因克隆于本实验室此前构建的塞姆利基森林病毒 (SemlikiForestvirus,SFV)RNA复制子衍生的新型真核表达载体Psfv1cs中的BamHⅠ位点 ,获得重组质粒pSFV1CS Cap。用pSFV1CS-Cap分别转染BHK-21细胞和293T细胞 ,经间接免疫荧光试验检测表明 ,PCV2 ORF2基因在转染细胞中得到表达。小鼠接种试验表明 ,该重组质粒能诱导小鼠产生特异性抗体.     

嵌合型猪圆环病毒1-2型感染性DNA克隆的构建及其对小鼠的免疫原性

[目的]本研究旨在构建嵌合型猪圆环病毒1-2型感染性DNA克隆.[方法]利用PCR技术扩增PCV2 ORF2,克隆入缺失PCV1 ORF2的pSK-PCV1△ORF2中,得到pSK-sPCV1-2.该重组质粒中包含嵌合型PCV1-2全基因组,通过不完全酶切的方法,将嵌合型PCV1-2全基因组串联入pSK载体中,得到含串联双拷贝的嵌合型PCV1-2感染性DNA克隆.[结果]经序列测定,获得含串联双拷贝的嵌合型PCV1-2感染性DNA克隆.PCV1-2嵌合病毒接种BALB/c小鼠,用间接ELISA方法对接种后7、14、21、28、35、42 d的小鼠进行血清抗体检测.结果显示从接种后14 d开始,即有部分小鼠产生了针对PCV2 Cap蛋白的特异性抗体;至接种后42 d,几乎全部接种小鼠的血清均呈阳性.[结论]构建了PCV1-2型感染性DNA克隆,该嵌合病毒能够激发机体产生体液免疫应答.     

猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型Cap蛋白重组腺病毒的构建与鉴定

猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)是近年来新发现的引起仔猪多系统衰弱综合症的必需病原,含有两个主要的阅读框ORF1和ORF2,分别编码复制相关蛋白(Rep)和核衣壳蛋白(Cap),其中Cap含有病毒主要抗原表位,是研究PCV2基因工程苗的主要候选目的基因。本研究利用PCR技术将Cap蛋白基因克隆入人5型腺病毒穿梭载体(pShuttle-CMV),与腺病毒骨架载体(pAdEasyTM)共转化大肠杆菌BJ5183进行同源重组并转染HEK-293A细胞,经多次亚克隆获得了重组腺病毒rAd-Cap,测定其TCID50为1013.7/mL。用RT-PCR、间接ELISA、Westernblot和IPMA等方法证明了Cap蛋白在腺病毒中获得表达。该研究为发展PCV2的重组腺病毒基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。     

载体表达的siRNA分子对猪圆环病毒2型复制的抑制作用

[目的]寻找一种基于RNA干扰技术的猪圆环病毒2型感染的防控方法.[方法]根据猪圆环病毒2型毒株基因组核苷酸序列,设计了3条特异性小干扰RNA(short interfering RNA,siRNA)分子,其中2条针对猪圆环病毒1型和2型复制酶基因(rep),1条针对猪圆环病毒2型核衣壳蛋白基因(cap),将合成的DNA片段退火形成双链,分别连接到RNAi-Ready pSIREN-RetroQ ZsGreen载体鼠源U6启动子下游,转化大肠杆菌得到阳性克隆,测序鉴定后分别命名为Retro-SH1,Retro-SH4,Retro-SH6.用上述质粒转染PCV2感染前、后的Dulac细胞及肌肉注射PCV2感染前、后的BALB/c小鼠,应用实时定量PCR试验评价其对病毒在细胞及小鼠体内复制的抑制作用,免疫组化法检测脾脏中病毒的存在.[结果]感染PCV2前或后转染500 ng Retro-SH1,Retro-SH4,Retro-SH6质粒能有效抑制PCV2在Dulac细胞上的复制,抑制率最高可达99%以上,对10株不同来源的临床分离株在细胞中复制的抑制作用同样明显,且不同毒株间差异不大.动物试验中,肌肉注射10μg上述不同siRNA分子对小鼠体内PCV2的复制有一定的抑制作用,其抑制率在26%至99%之间.[结论]载体表达的siRNA分子可能成为防控猪圆环病毒2型感染的一种新工具.     

表达猪圆环病毒2型ORF2基因的重组猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的构建与鉴定

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)和猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)是目前危害世界养猪业的两种重要病原。本研究采用PCR方法构建PRRSV疫苗株TJM-F92全长cDNA克隆载体pCMV-TJM,并在其ORF7和3′UTR之间插入AflⅡ/MluⅠ酶切位点和转录调控序列TRS6,构建获得pCMV-TJM-TRS表达载体。将PCV2ORF2基因插入该载体AflⅡ/MluⅠ位点,获得重组质粒pCMV-TJM-Cap。将pCMV-TJM、pCMV-TJM-TRS和pCMV-TJM-Cap分别转染Marc-145细胞,拯救获得3种重组病毒rTJM、rTJM/TRS和rTJM/Cap。基因测序列、酶切鉴定、Western blot、间接免疫荧光和病毒生长特性结果显示,3种重组PRRSV病毒都含有特征性分子标记,在Marc-145细胞增殖特性与亲本病毒相似;rTJM/Cap传至第8代,仍含有外源Cap基因,病毒感染细胞能有效表达PCV2Cap蛋白,从而为PRRSV致病机制和PRRSV-PCV2疫苗研究奠定了重要基础。     

猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型Cap蛋白重组腺病毒的构建与鉴定

猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)是近年来新发现的引起仔猪多系统衰弱综合症的必需病原,含有两个主要的阅读框ORF1和ORF2,分别编码复制相关蛋白(Rep)和核衣壳蛋白(Cap),其中Cap含有病毒主要抗原表位,是研究PCV2基因工程苗的主要候选目的基因.本研究利用PCR技术将Cap蛋白基因克隆入人5型腺病毒穿梭载体(pShuttle-CMV),与腺病毒骨架载体(pAdEasyTM)共转化大肠杆菌BJ5183进行同源重组并转染HEK-293A细胞,经多次亚克隆获得了重组腺病毒rAd-Cap,测定其TCID50为1013 7/mL.用RT-PCR、间接ELISA、Western blot和IPMA等方法证明了Cap蛋白在腺病毒中获得表达.该研究为发展PCV2的重组腺病毒基因工程疫苗奠定了基础.     

猪2型圆环病毒ORF1与ORF2基因和伪狂犬病毒基因的重组与表达的研究

根据GenBank发布的猪2型圆环病毒(PCV2 )序列(AY0 35 82 0 ) ,设计两对特异性引物,采用PCR方法,分别扩增了猪2型圆环病毒ORF1和ORF2基因。将ORF1和ORF2基因的PCR产物回收并酶切后,依次插入到伪狂犬病毒gE gI双缺失通用转移载体pIECMV中,构建了猪2型圆环病毒_伪狂犬病毒重组中间转移质粒pIEORF1-ORF2。采用脂质体介导法,将重组中间转移质粒pIEORF1_ORF2与伪狂犬病毒TK^- gE^- LacZ⁺ 基因组共转染IBRS_2细胞,待发生细胞病变后收集病毒液进行空斑纯化,利用检测PCV2ORF1基因和ORF2基因的PCR方法筛选重组病毒TK^- gE^- gI^- ORF1-ORF2⁺ ,用Southernblotting鉴定重组病毒,并用Westernblotting检测ORF1_ORF2融合蛋白的表达情况,在此基础上也测定了重组病毒在不同细胞上的增殖滴度。结果表明,外源基因ORF1和ORF2已成功插入到TK^- gE^- LacZ⁺ 亲本株的基因组中,并获得了表达,表达的蛋白可与PCV2阳性血清发生反应。同时发现ORF1和ORF2基因的插入不影响重组病毒的增殖特性,其毒力与亲本株相当。     

猪圆环病毒2型ORF2编码基因真核表达载体的构建及表达

根据GenBank中猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)ORF2基因序列,设计了1对引物,应用PCR从含有PCV-2的PK-15细胞中扩增出ORF2基因,将其克隆入pSecTag2载体中,构建了pSecORF2载体.又设计一条含信号肽序列的上游引物,以pSecORF2为模板,扩增出含信号肽序列的ORF2基因,将其克隆到plREShyg载体上,构建了plRESiORF2真核表达载体.然后通过磷酸钙共沉淀法转染CHO细胞,进行表达.间接免疫荧光实验(IFA)成功检测到plRESiORF2在CHO细胞中的表达.这为进一步研究ORF2编码蛋白的生物学活性及建立PCV诊断试剂盒打下基础.     

猪圆环病毒2型ORF2编码基因真核表达载体的构建及表达

根据GenBank中猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)ORF2基因序列,设计了1对引物,应用PCR从含有PCV-2的PK-15细胞中扩增出ORF2基因,将其克隆入pSecTag2载体中,构建了pSecORF2载体。又设计一条含信号肽序列的上游引物,以pSecORF2为模板,扩增出含信号肽序列的ORF2基因,将其克隆到pIREShyg载体上,构建了pIRESiORF2真核表达载体。然后通过磷酸钙共沉淀法转染CHO细胞,进行表达。间接免疫荧光实验(IFA)成功检测到pIRESiORF2在CHO细胞中的表达。这为进一步研究ORF2编码蛋白的生物学活性及建立PCV诊断试剂盒打下基础。     

猪圆环病毒2型流行株的分离及其感染性克隆的构建

【目的】通过分离一株猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)流行毒株,并构建其感染性克隆,为研究PCV2基因功能提供操作平台。【方法】通过PCR方法,从疑似患断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合症(PMWS)的仔猪淋巴结中鉴定为猪圆环病毒(Porcine circovirus,PCV)2型阳性。把阳性病料接种PK-15细胞传代培养,在培养物中扩增出PCV2的全基因序列。对扩增出的全序列进行序列测定,并与GenBank中公布的5株广东PCV2分离株(GD-pz、GD-gj、GD-jm、GD-ss和GD-sz)进行同源性分析。通过EcoRⅠ和SalⅠ将PCV2全基因组序列克隆进pUC18载体中,获得含PCV2 GD-zq株全基因组单拷贝的重组质粒pPCV2-GD-zq,再通过SalⅠ和HindⅢ把另一个全长拷贝克隆进pPCV2-GD-zq质粒中,使PCV2 GD-zq株基因组DNA以头尾相接的双重复方式克隆进pUC18载体中,获得重组质粒pPCV2-2GD-zq。将pPCV2-2GD-zq DNA纯化和定量后转染PK-15细胞,拯救PCV2 GD-zq病毒。【结果】从PMWS感染的猪淋巴结中分离到了一株PCV2,命名为GD-zq株;序列分析结果显示,GD-zq株全基因组为1 767 bp,与GenBank中公布的5株广东PCV2分离株ORF1核苷酸一致性为97.1%-99.7%,编码氨基酸一致性为98.7%-100%;ORF2核苷酸一致性为93.2%-99.6%,编码氨基酸一致性为92.3%-99.1%;全基因一致性为96.0%-99.6%。pPCV2-2GD-zq质粒转染PK-15细胞后,其通过间接免疫荧光实验(IFA)能从转染细胞及其传代细胞中,检测到拯救出的病毒。【结论】分离了一株PCV2广东株GD-zq,成功构建了PCV2 GD-zq株的感染性克隆。     

Immunogenicity and pathogenicity of chimeric infectious DNA clones of pathogenic porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and nonpathogenic PCV1 in weanling pigs

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), whereas the ubiquitous porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is nonpathogenic for pigs. We report here the construction and characterization of two chimeric infectious DNA clones of PCV1 and PCV2. The chimeric PCV1-2 clone contains the PCV2 capsid gene cloned in the backbone of the nonpathogenic PCV1 genome. A reciprocal chimeric PCV2-1 DNA clone was also constructed by replacing the PCV2 capsid gene with that of PCV1 in the backbone of the PCV2 genome. The PCV1, PCV2, and chimeric PCV1-2 and PCV2-1 DNA clones were all shown to be infectious in PK-15 cells, and their growth characteristics in vitro were determined and compared. To evaluate the immunogenicity and pathogenicity of the chimeric infectious DNA clones, 40 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs were randomly assigned into five groups of eight pigs each. Group 1 pigs received phosphate-buffered saline as the negative control. Group 2 pigs were each injected in the superficial inguinal lymph nodes with 200 micro g of the PCV1 infectious DNA clone. Group 3 pigs were each similarly injected with 200 micro g of the PCV2 infectious DNA clone, group 4 pigs were each injected with 200 micro g of the chimeric PCV1-2 infectious DNA clone, and group 5 pigs were each injected with 200 micro g of the reciprocal chimeric PCV2-1 infectious DNA clone. As expected, seroconversion to antibodies to the PCV2 capsid antigen was detected in group 3 and group 4 pigs. Group 2 and 5 pigs all seroconverted to PCV1 antibody. Gross and microscopic lesions in various tissues of animals inoculated with the PCV2 infectious DNA clone were significantly more severe than those found in pigs inoculated with PCV1, chimeric PCV1-2, and reciprocal chimeric PCV2-1 infectious DNA clones. These data indicated that the chimeric PCV1-2 virus with the immunogenic ORF2 capsid gene of pathogenic PCV2 cloned into the nonpathogenic PCV1 genomic backbone induces a specific antibody response to the pathogenic PCV2 capsid antigen but is attenuated in pigs. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the usefulness of the chimeric PCV1-2 infectious DNA clone as a genetically engineered live-attenuated vaccine against PCV2 infection and PMWS.     

Chimeric porcine circoviruses (PCV) containing amino acid epitope tags in the C terminus of the capsid gene are infectious and elicit both anti-epitope tag antibodies and anti-PCV type 2 neutralizing antibodies in pigs

A chimeric porcine circovirus (PCV1-2) with the capsid gene of pathogenic PCV2 cloned into the genomic backbone of nonpathogenic PCV1 is attenuated in pigs but elicits protective immunity against PCV2. In this study, short epitope tags were inserted into the C terminus of the capsid protein of the chimeric PCV1-2 vaccine virus, resulting in a tractable marker virus that is infectious both in vitro and in vivo. Pigs experimentally infected with the epitope-tagged PCV1-2 vaccine viruses produced tag-specific antibodies, as well as anti-PCV2 neutralizing antibodies, indicating that the epitope-tagged viruses could potentially serve as a positive-marker modified live-attenuated vaccine.     

Protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding capsid protein of porcine circovirus‐like virus P1 against porcine circovirus 2 in mice

The capsid protein is the major immunogenic protein of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2). The nucleotide sequence of porcine circovirus‐like virus P1 shares high homology with open reading frame (ORF) 2 of PCV2, and ORF1 of P1 encodes its structural protein. Mice were vaccinated twice intramuscularly with a plasmid expressing the P1 ORF1 protein (pcDNA3.1(+)‐ORF1) at 2‐week intervals. All animals vaccinated with pcDNA3.1(+)‐ORF1 developed higher specific anti‐P1 antibody levels, and had less PCV2 viremia and milder histopathological changes than PCV2‐challenged mice in the control group. Our results show that the P1 DNA vaccine elicited immune responses against PCV2 infection in a mouse model.

     

A chimeric porcine circovirus (PCV) with the immunogenic capsid gene of the pathogenic PCV type 2 (PCV2) cloned into the genomic backbone of the nonpathogenic PCV1 induces protective immunity against PCV2 infection in pigs

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs, whereas PCV1 is nonpathogenic. We previously demonstrated that a chimeric PCV1-2 virus (with the immunogenic capsid gene of PCV2 cloned into the backbone of PCV1) induces an antibody response to the PCV2 capsid protein and is attenuated in pigs. Here, we report that the attenuated chimeric PCV1-2 induces protective immunity to wild-type PCV2 challenge in pigs. A total of 48 specific-pathogen-free piglets were randomly and equally assigned to four groups of 12 pigs each. Pigs in group 1 were vaccinated by intramuscular injection with 200 microg of the chimeric PCV1-2 infectious DNA clone. Pigs in group 2 were vaccinated by intralymphoid injection with 200 microg of a chimeric PCV1-2 infectious DNA clone. Pigs in group 3 were vaccinated by intramuscular injection with 10(3.5) 50% tissue culture infective doses (TCID(50)) of the chimeric PCV1-2 live virus. Pigs in group 4 were not vaccinated and served as controls. By 42 days postvaccination (DPV), the majority of pigs had seroconverted to PCV2 capsid antibody. At 42 DPV, all pigs were challenged intranasally and intramuscularly with 2 x 10(4.5) TCID(50) of a wild-type pathogenic PCV2 virus. By 21 days postchallenge (DPC), 9 out of the 12 group 4 pigs were viremic for PCV2. Vaccinated animals in groups 1 to 3 had no detectable PCV2 viremia after challenge. At 21 DPC the lymph nodes in the nonvaccinated pigs were larger (P < 0.05) than those of vaccinated pigs. The PCV2 genomic copy loads in lymph nodes were reduced (P < 0.0001) in vaccinated pigs. Moderate amounts of PCV2 antigen were detected in most lymphoid tissues of nonvaccinated pigs but in only 1 of 36 vaccinated pigs. Mild-to-severe lymphoid depletion and histiocytic replacement were detected in lymphoid tissues in the majority of nonvaccinated group 4 pigs but in only a few vaccinated group 1 to 3 pigs. The data from this study indicated that when given intramuscularly in pigs, the attenuated chimeric PCV1-2 live virus, as well as the chimeric PCV1-2 infectious DNA clone, induces protective immunity against PCV2 infection and could potentially serve as an effective vaccine.     

Epitope mapping of the major capsid protein of type 2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) by using chimeric PCV1 and PCV2

Type 2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) is associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs, whereas the genetically related type 1 PCV (PCV1) is nonpathogenic. In this study, seven monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against PCV2-ORF2 capsid protein were generated, biologically characterized, and subsequently used to map the antigenic sites of PCV2 capsid protein by using infectious PCV DNA clones containing PCV1/PCV2-ORF2 chimeras. The PCV1/PCV2-ORF2 chimeras were constructed by serial deletions of PCV2-ORF2 and replacement with the corresponding sequences of the PCV1-ORF2. The reactivities of chimeric PCV1/PCV2 clones in transfected PK-15 cells with the seven MAbs were detected by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The chimera (r140) with a deletion of 47 amino acids at the N terminus of PCV2-ORF2 reacted strongly to all seven MAbs. Expanding the deletion of PCV2-ORF2 from residues 47 to 57 (r175) abolished the recognition of MAb 3B7, 3C11, 4A10, 6H2, or 8F6 to the chimera. Further deletion of PCV2-ORF2 to 62 residues disrupted the binding of this chimera to all seven MAbs. IFA reactivities with all MAbs were absent when residues 165 to 233 at the C terminus of PCV2-ORF2 was replaced with that of PCV1-ORF2. Extending the sequence of PCV2-ORF2 from residues 165 (r464) to 185 (r526), 200 (r588), or 224 (r652) restored the ability of the three chimeras to react with MAbs 3C11, 6H2, 9H7, and 12G3 but not with 8F6, 3B7, or 4A10. When the four amino acids at the C terminus of r588 were replaced with that of PCV2-ORF2, the resulting chimera (r588F) reacted with all seven MAbs. The results from this study suggest that these seven MAbs recognized at least five different but overlapping conformational epitopes within residues 47 to 63 and 165 to 200 and the last four amino acids at the C terminus of the PCV2 capsid protein.     

GST pull-down结合质谱筛选猪圆环病毒2型ORF4潜在互作蛋白

猪圆环病毒2型编码的ORF4蛋白是近年来发现的新蛋白。迄今为止,人们对ORF4所参与的细胞生物学过程知之甚少。本研究首先构建了带双标签的真核表达载体pCMV-N-Flag-GST,再将ORF4基因插入该载体中,形成pCMV-N-Flag-GST-ORF4。将质粒转染293T细胞表达ORF4后,通过GSTPull-down试验捕获细胞内潜在与ORF4互作的蛋白库。经SDS-PAGE分离及银染后,对所得的特异性条带进行质谱鉴定,筛选出5个与ORF4潜在互作的蛋白,包括丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白磷酸酶6催化亚基、α心肌蛋白、β肌动蛋白、SEC-14样蛋白5和肌球蛋白myosin 9。上述研究结果为深入揭示ORF4在病毒感染细胞过程中发挥的作用提供新的思路与方向。     

猪1型圆环病毒全基因组克隆及其感染性初步鉴定

猪圆环病毒(porcine circovirus,PCV)是由Tis-cher等[1]于1974年在PK-15细胞中发现,当时认为是一种细胞污染物,后被证实为一种新的病毒。病毒粒子为20面体对称,无囊膜,以滚环方式进行复制,可在PK-15细胞上生长但不引起细胞病变。其基因组是一种环状、单股副链DNA,与鸡贫血病毒(chicken anemia virus,CAV)、鹦鹉喙羽病毒(psittacine beak and feather disease circovirus,PBF-DAV)和人的TT病毒(transfusion transmittedvirus,TTV)同属圆环病毒科。猪圆环病毒有两种基因型即:PCV1和PCV2。前者广泛存在于猪源肾细胞中,在猪的组织…     

猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)核衣壳蛋白免疫原性的鉴定和应用及其多抗在PCV2感染诊断中的应用

猪圆环病毒2型ORF2编码与病毒毒力相关的结构蛋白--核衣壳蛋白(Cap),该蛋白可以用于PCV2感染的血清学调查,但不同区域的PCV2分离株的ORF2特别是其抗原表位序列存在一定的突变.本研究将PCV2浙江分离株ORF2的主要抗原表位以及PCV1 ORF2进行了原核表达,将分别纯化的融合蛋白Cap2s和Cap1s免疫SPF兔后制备多抗,并进一步分析了纯化蛋白的免疫原性和多抗的特性.Western blot结果表明无论Cap2s和Cap1s均能与两个多抗发生交叉反应,而PCV2或PCV1阳性猪血清只能分别特异性地识别Cap2s和Cap1s.IFA结果则证明两个多抗对于天然Cap蛋白无交叉反应性.利用Cap2s作为包被抗原对13个猪场的259份血清样品的PCV2抗体进行ELISA检测,平均阳性率为80.69%(209/259),而各猪场的阳性率差异较大(48.28%～100%).以上结果表明Cap2s可作为一个型特异性抗原用于浙江省本地猪场猪群血清中PCV2抗体的监控,而其多抗也可用于免疫组化对PCV2感染进行有效诊断.     

Complete genome sequence of a novel field strain of rearranged porcine circovirus type 2 in southern china

We report here the complete genomic sequence of a novel porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strain, which is supposed to be the result of natural genetic recombination between the ORF1 gene of genotype PCV2b-1B and the ORF2 gene of PCV2b-1C. Further analyses revealed that this novel PCV2 strain arose from recombination between PCV2a and PCV2b strains within the ORF2 gene. To our knowledge, this is the first report of both inter- and intragenotype PCV2 gene rearrangement in the field, and it will help in understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2) in southern China.