犬细小病毒血凝的检测和血凝抑制试验方法的优化

目的优化血凝和血凝抑制（HA／HI）试验条件,提高HA／HI试验的稳定性和准确性。方法在不同的缓冲液、pH值、猪红细胞浓度、BSA浓度下进行HA／HI试验,选择合适的HA／HI条件。结果pH7．0、0．1％BSA、0．2mol／LPBS、1％猪红细胞可作为HA／HI试验合适的反应条件,猪血球可保存12d不影响试验结果。结论方法优化后稳定性增强、检测时间缩短、准确性提高。     

用巨细胞病毒抗原致敏的冻干血球作间接血凝试验

本文报告用巨细胞病毒(CMV)抗原致敏的冻干绵羊红细胞(简称冻干血球)做间接血凝试验。用5％正常兔血清和10％蔗糖磷酸盐缓冲液作保护剂,将巨细胞病毒抗原致敏的绵羊红细胞进行真空冷冻干燥,制成了冻干血球。经反复检测发现,用含百万分之一Tween20、2％正常兔血清的磷酸缓冲液稀释冻干血球,可消除冻干过程中产生的非特异性凝集反应。所建立的方法重复性较好,特异性与ELISA相同,敏感性比CF高。     

血凝抑制和病毒中和法在大流行流感疫苗临床血清学评价中的应用和比较

在大流行流感疫苗临床试验的免疫效果评价中,分别采用血凝抑制(HI)和病毒中和(VN)法检测血清中抗体滴度,并对结果进行比较。在中和试验中,分别以观察细胞病变法和血球凝集法确定中和法终点,两种方法得到的结果相近。376份血清(63.4%)以VN法和HI法检测获得结果相同。经统计学分析证明两种方法有很好的相关性,r值为0.85,HI 1∶40对应的VN滴度为1∶33。因此,在大流行流感疫苗免疫效果评价中,两种抗体检测方法有较好的一致性。     

西藏21种真菌的血凝活性测定

选用了21种野生真菌,分别以PBS(磷酸缓冲液)浸提,浸提液进行兔红血球血凝活性测定,结果显示:冬虫夏草(Cordyceps sinensis)、蜜环菌(Armillariella mellea)、翘鳞肉齿菌(Sarcodon imbricatus)等不能使兔红血球凝集,显阴性;其余真菌均能使兔红血球凝集,其中以棱柄白马鞍菌(Helvella crispa)和美味牛肝菌(Boletus edulis)效价最高26;盘状马鞍菌(Helvella pezizoids)次之25;其余的均为20～23.取PBS浸提效价较高的6种样品棱柄白马鞍菌、盘状马鞍菌、真姬离褶伞(Lyophyllum shimeji)、红菇腊伞(Hygrophorus russula)、美味牛肝菌、离褶伞(Lyophyllum)等分别用Tris、NaAcetate(乙酸钠)、Glycin(甘氨酸)等不同pH缓冲液浸提,浸提液进行兔红血球血凝活性测定,结果显示:显弱酸性或弱碱性的缓冲液浸提时,浸提液对兔红血球血凝活性效价高于中性缓冲液,浸提真菌样品时最好使用弱酸或弱碱性缓冲液.     

猪细小病毒VP2蛋白主要抗原域间接ELISA方法的建立

将已获得的含猪细小病毒VP2蛋白主要抗原域编码基因VP2I重组酵母菌株在优化的条件下进行诱导表达,表达产物蛋白含量达227.6μg/ml,在此基础上以重组蛋白作为包被抗原初步建立了检测猪细小病毒抗体水平的间接ELISA方法,并对该方法进行了优化,结果表明抗原最佳包被浓度5.69μg/ml,而血清最佳稀释倍数为1∶80.阳性标准初步定为:OD待测样品＞0.5,且OD待测样品/OD阴性血清＞2.0.采用iVP2I-ELISA对猪血清样品进行检测,结果显示iVP2I-ELISA与HI试验的符合率为97.2%,与国外同类试剂盒的符合率达到91.2%.     

流行性出血热病毒单克隆抗体的反向被动血凝和被动血凝抑制试验在诊断中的初步应用

本文用流行性出血热病毒单克隆抗体致敏羊血球,做反向被动血凝和被动血凝抑制试验。检查出血热病毒抗原和抗体,不仅敏感,性能稳定,而且操作简便、快速。     

猪细小病毒VP2蛋白主要抗原域间接ELISA方法的建立及初步应用

将已获得的含猪细小病毒VP2蛋白主要抗原域编码基因VP2I重组酵母菌株在优化的条件下进行诱导表达,表达产物蛋白含量达227.6μg/mL,在此基础上以重组蛋白作为包被抗原初步建立了检测猪细小病毒抗体水平的间接ELISA方法,并对该方法进行了优化,结果表明抗原最佳包被浓度5.69μg/mL,而血清最佳稀释倍数为1:80。阳性标准初步定为：OD待测样品＞0.5,且OD待测样品/OD阴性血清＞2.0。采用iVP2I-ELISA对猪血清样品进行检测,结果显示iVP2I-ELISA与HI试验的符合率为97.2%,与国外同类试剂盒的符合率达到91.2%。     

犬细小病毒单克隆抗体的制备及其与免疫血清在血凝抑制中的比较

将用犬细小病毒免疫的ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠的脾细胞与Ｓｐ２／０骨髓瘤细胞在聚乙二醇作用下融合,经筛选、克隆,得到６株稳定分泌犬细小病毒单克隆抗体的杂交瘤。用杂交瘤腹水作血凝抑制试验,检测分别含有犬细小病毒、猫泛白细胞减少症病毒和水貂肠炎病毒的标本,及ＣＰＶ感染犬粪便标本,并与免疫血清作对比。结果表明,用单克隆抗体作血凝抑制试验,比用免疫血清作具有特异性高、操作简便省时等优点,而二者敏感性一致。     

四种动物病毒的细胞培养及血凝检测的比较研究

四种动物病毒的细胞培养及血凝检测的比较研究李天宪,赵林,罗怡珊,冯锋（中国科学院武汉病毒研究所,武汉４３００７１）关键词细小病毒,细胞培养,细胞病变,血凝试验云豹肠炎病毒（ＬＰＶ）、水貂肠炎病毒（ＭＥＶ）、犬肠炎病毒（ＣＰＶ）和猫泛白细胞减少症病毒（...     

一种更灵敏的特异性检测H9亚型禽流感抗体的间接ELISA方法的建立

H9亚型禽流感在全球范围内广泛流行,控制其传播需监测H9亚型禽流感病毒的感染情况及疫苗的免疫效果。为了建立便于检测且灵敏特异的H9亚型禽流感抗体间接ELISA方法,本实验利用不同亚型之间变异较大的H9亚型禽流感病毒HA蛋白的头部球状区作为包被抗原,确定了最佳复合封闭液和抗体稀释液,提高了其特异性。结果显示建立的ELISA方法灵敏度高于血凝抑制试验(HI),且与H3N2、H5N2、H7N9亚型流感病毒及新城疫病毒(NDV)、鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)、鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(IBDV)和产蛋下降综合征病毒(EDSV)的阳性血清均无交叉反应。另外,利用该方法及HI试验对200份临床鸡血清样本进行检测,两种检测方法的符合率达97%,且存在较高的相关性(R2=0.981 1)。     

A rapid assay of the sialidase activity in species of the Bacteroides fragilis group by using peanut lectin hemagglutination

In this study, a novel, simple and rapid hemagglutination assay by using a peanut lectin to detect a neuraminidase activity in strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group was developed. One hundred and fourteen species of the B. fragilis group isolated from children with and without diarrhea and 15 reference strains were evaluated. Neuraminidase production was determined by using the method above described and its inhibition was observed by using galactose. The neuraminidase production was observed in 54 (84.37%) diarrhea and in 43 (86%) non-diarrhea strains. HA titers were ranged from 2 to 32. This neuraminidase assays based on PNA hemagglutination is highly sensitive, reproducible and could be used as a tool to detect the sialidase activity in anaerobic bacteria, particularly, in species of the B. fragilis group.     

Single-serum diagnosis of recent rubella infection with the use of hemagglutination inhibition test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays

Single-serum diagnosis of recent rubella infection was attempted with the use of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and two commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The period during which IgM antibody was detectable by IgM capture ELISA was 4 to 30 days after the onset of rash. Rubella IgG ELISA values relative to HI titer were lower in the sera from the patients with recent infection than in the sera from the subjects with remote infection. IgM ELISA and the combined use of IgG ELISA and HI test are two useful methods of single-serum diagnosis of recent rubella infection.     

一株H1N1亚型猪流感病毒的分离鉴定及全基因序列分析

2006年从辽宁省某猪场采集具有流感症状猪鼻拭子共30份,经9~11日龄SPF鸡胚分离,对分离株进行了血凝试验、血凝抑制试验、RT-PCR亚型鉴定,全基因序列比对和接种试验动物试验。结果表明:该毒株具有凝集0.5%鸡红细胞的活性,且与抗猪流感H1标准血清发生血凝抑制反应,RT-PCR分别扩增得到全基因8个片段,利用DNAStar生物学软件进行序列分析,HA基因与GenBank登录的H1~H16中的H1基因序列同源性最高,NA基因与N1~N9中的N1基因序列同源性最高,故该LN株分离毒为猪流感H1N1亚型病毒。全基因序列中,除了M基因不是猪源的,其它基因片段均与国内H1N1亚型猪流感参照株高度同源,推测LN株可能是由类人和类禽谱系的流感病毒与古典猪谱系的流感病毒重排形成的;用该病毒接种试验动物可成功复制出猪流感典型症状。该病毒的分离鉴定及全基因组序列分析为我国进一步调查猪流感的流行规律提供了基础数据。     

Improved hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition tests for Akabane virus using formalinized goose erythrocytes

When formalinized instead of fresh goose erythrocytes were used in the hemagglutination (HA) test system of the Akabane virus, the agglutinability of the erythrocytes increased and became less salt-dependent. The improved method based on these findings should facilitate the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test and may be useful for epidemiological studies of the Akabane virus.     

Analysis of the Diluents Used for Rubella Virus Hemagglutination and Hemagglutination-Inhibition Tests

A new diluent (ADGP) for the rubella virus hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests is described. It was found that the HA and HI titers and the erythrocyte agglutination pattern were improved in ADGP compared to previously described diluents. The influence of the components of ADGP and of various test conditions on optimal HA and HI results were examined.     

Biological role of an arginine residue present in a histidine-rich peptide which inhibits hemagglutination of Porphyromonas gingivalis

Inhibitory effects of synthetic fragments in histatin 8, having the sequence Lys-Phe-His-Glu-Lys-His-His-Ser-His-Arg-Gly-Tyr, on hemagglutination by Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 were examined. The hemagglutinating activity was reduced much more by the peptide Lys-His-His-Ser-His-Arg-Gly-Tyr than by the peptides Lys-His-His-Ser-His and/or Lys-Phe-His-Glu-Lys. These results suggest that the arginine residue may have an important role in the inhibition of hemagglutination by P. gingivalis.     

虎血清犬腺病毒抗体调查

犬腺病毒（Canine adenovirus,CAV）属于腺病毒科哺乳动物腺病毒属成员,分为犬腺病毒Ⅰ型（CAV-1）和犬腺病毒Ⅱ型（CAV-2）,其中CAV-1主要引起狐狸（Vulpes vulpes）脑炎和犬（Canis familiaris）传染性肝炎（殷震和刘景华,1997;胡体拉,1963）。在国内,夏咸柱等（1984）首次分离到CAV-1,随后,多个地区的不同动物中又有相继分离到该病毒的报道（钟志宏等,1990;范泉水和袁国庆,1992;夏咸柱等,1984）。CAV-2主要引起犬的喉气管炎和幼犬咳嗽,在我国的感染也比较普遍（范泉水和夏咸柱,1999）。