Bt水稻秸秆还田对赤子爱胜蚓生长发育和生殖的影响

Bt蛋白能通过转Bt基因作物的秸秆还田进入土壤,进而可能会对土壤动物如蚯蚓的生长发育和生殖造成影响.为评估Bt水稻对赤子爱胜蚓的影响,本文模拟秸秆还田,在土壤中添加2.5%、5%、7.5%和10% Bt水稻(b2B138)及其同源水稻(安丰A)秸秆,分别在饲养赤子爱胜蚓7、15、30、45、60、75和90 d后观测蚯蚓的存活率、相对生长率和生殖情况,以及秸秆土壤混合物和蚯蚓体内的Cry1Ab蛋白含量.结果表明:较高还田量(7.5%和10%)Bt水稻秸秆处理对赤子爱胜蚓存活率有抑制作用;Bt水稻秸秆还田对赤子爱胜蚓的相对生长率没有不利影响;还田量为5%、7.5%和10%时,Bt水稻秸秆还田能促进蚯蚓的生殖.酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)结果表明: 在Bt水稻土壤混合物中,蚯蚓体内均能检测到Cry1Ab蛋白,且前者随着时间延长而显著减少.因此,还田量为2.5%和5%时,Bt水稻秸秆还田释放的Cry1Ab蛋白对赤子爱胜蚓的生长发育和生殖没有不利影响.     

Bt水稻秸秆还田对赤子爱胜蚓生长发育和生殖的影响

Bt蛋白能通过转Bt基因作物的秸秆还田进入土壤,进而可能会对土壤动物如蚯蚓的生长发育和生殖造成影响.为评估Bt水稻对赤子爱胜蚓的影响,本文模拟秸秆还田,在土壤中添加2.5%、5%、7.5%和10% Bt水稻(b2B138)及其同源水稻(安丰A)秸秆,分别在饲养赤子爱胜蚓7、15、30、45、60、75和90 d后观测蚯蚓的存活率、相对生长率和生殖情况,以及秸秆土壤混合物和蚯蚓体内的Cry1Ab蛋白含量.结果表明:较高还田量(7.5%和10%)Bt水稻秸秆处理对赤子爱胜蚓存活率有抑制作用;Bt水稻秸秆还田对赤子爱胜蚓的相对生长率没有不利影响;还田量为5%、7.5%和10%时,Bt水稻秸秆还田能促进蚯蚓的生殖.酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)结果表明: 在Bt水稻土壤混合物中,蚯蚓体内均能检测到Cry1Ab蛋白,且前者随着时间延长而显著减少.因此,还田量为2.5%和5%时,Bt水稻秸秆还田释放的Cry1Ab蛋白对赤子爱胜蚓的生长发育和生殖没有不利影响.     

南繁条件下转基因水稻对根际土壤微生物的影响

【背景】随着转基因技术的发展,转基因作物的安全评价已经成为目前的研究热点。海南省南部三亚、乐东、陵水等地形成的南繁育种区是我国的＂种业硅谷＂,其天然气候与环境优势,为加速世代繁殖、缩短育种年限提供了条件。大量的育种材料汇集于南繁区域,在利用南繁优势的同时,也造成了潜在的生态风险,因而在南繁区开展转基因生物安全评价研究具有重要的意义。【方法】采用平板培养计数和分子鉴定手段,对海南三亚南繁区种植的转cry1 Ab/cry1 Ac基因水稻TT51及其对照常规水稻明恢63（MH63）的根际土壤微生物进行了监测。【结果】连续3个种植周期（42个采样时间点）的监测发现,TT51与MH63根际土壤微生物数量变化趋势基本一致,说明转基因水稻未对根际土壤微生物数量变化趋势造成明显影响。TT51与MH63根际土壤细菌类群主要种属组成一致。【结论与意义】种植转cry1 Ab/cry1 Ac基因水稻TT51不会对根际土壤微生物数量和种类组成造成明显影响。本研究可为在我国南繁育种区开展转基因水稻安全评价提供数据支持。     

种植转Bt基因棉土壤中Bt蛋白的分布

采用盆栽试验结合酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定了转Bt基因抗虫棉及常规棉花不同生育期根际及非根际土壤中的Bt蛋白含量.结果表明:红壤、黄棕壤及黄褐土种植转Bt基因棉花后根际土中Bt蛋白含量显著高于非根际土,而种植常规棉花的根际土与非根际土中Bt蛋白含量差异不显著.在初蕾期转Bt基因棉根际土中的Bt蛋白含量为黄褐土＞黄棕壤＞红壤,分别为常规棉根际土的144%、121%和238%;而在盛花期为黄棕壤＞黄褐土＞红壤,分别为常规棉根际土的156%、116%和197%.无论种植转Bt基因棉还是常规棉,供试土壤的根际和非根际土中Bt蛋白含量都随棉花生育期的推进先增加后减少,在盛花期达最大值.整个生育期内,转Bt基因棉根际土中的Bt蛋白含量大于其非根际土;种植转Bt基因棉土壤中Bt蛋白含量高于常规棉,说明转Bt基因棉花的Bt蛋白可释放到根际土中.     

转基因抗虫作物鉴定质粒标准分子的构建与应用

苏云金芽胞杆菌基因是转基因抗虫作物中通用的外源功能基因,在绝大多数抗虫转基因作物中均有存在,然而Bt基因检测标准样品的缺乏却限制了我国转Bt基因抗虫作物检测工作的发展。为了弥补传统基体标准样品的缺失,首先将Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry3A 3种常用Bt外源基因克隆到pUC57质粒上,通过测序、酶切和qPCR等技术对质粒的序列和扩增功能进行了验证,然后对扩增效率和实际应用情况加以测试,评价其转基因检测的适用性,构建了质粒标准分子。结果显示,制备的质粒标准分子测序结果与靶标序列完全符合,酶切结果、qPCR扩增结果和扩增效率等均符合预期,在Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry3A基因特异性检测中的应用符合阳性对照要求,表明制备的阳性质粒标准分子能够作为转Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry3A基因qPCR基因特异性检测的阳性标准样品。     

种植Bt玉米及秸秆还田后土壤中Bt蛋白的变化及其对土壤养分的影响

在大棚水泥池内种植两个Bt玉米(5422Bt1和5422CBCL)及其同源常规玉米5422,研究了种植Bt玉米及秸秆还田过程中根际土、根围土、3层根外土(0～20、20～40和40～60 cm)中Bt蛋白含量的时空动态特征及其对土壤养分含量的影响．结果表明： 种植Bt玉米和常规玉米后,根围土(种植后90 d)和3层根外土(种植后30、60和90 d)中均检测到少量的Bt蛋白(含量<0.5 ng·g^-1),在Bt玉米5422Bt1和5422CBCL根际土中则分别检测到1.59和2.78 ng·g^-1的Bt蛋白．玉米秸秆还田后,Bt蛋白能在3 d内快速降解,在还田后第7天只检测到少量的Bt蛋白．与常规玉米5422相比,种植Bt玉米5422Bt1 90 d后根围土和3层根外土中有机质、速效养分(碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾)和全量养分(全氮、全磷和全钾)含量均没有显著差异;5422Bt1秸秆还田60 d后0～20 cm土层的有机质和全氮含量显著升高,速效钾含量显著降低,而其他养分指标则没有显著差异,20～40 cm和40～60 cm土层的所有养分指标均没有明显差异．种植Bt玉米5422CBCL后根围土中仅速效磷含量显著低于种植常规玉米5422,但0～20 cm土层中全磷含量显著提高,其他养分指标均没有差异;还田5422CBCL秸秆后仅0～20 cm土层的速效磷含量显著高于常规玉米5422．研究结果表明,通过玉米根系分泌和秸秆分解进入土壤的Bt蛋白不会在土壤中累积,对养分含量也基本没有显著影响.
     

转cry1Ab基因抗虫水稻的田间试验

采用农杆菌介导的遗传转化技术, 将Bt基因cry1Ab导入三系恢复系明恢63获得了一批抗虫性及农艺性状较好的转基因纯合株系。研究中, 进一步检测了这些纯合株系的拷贝数、Bt蛋白含量、抗虫性及主要农艺性状。结果显示: 5个转基因纯合株系均为单拷贝; 纯合株系T_1Ab-10及其杂种的Bt蛋白含量最高; 人工接虫和自然感虫试验中, T_1Ab-10对二化螟、三化螟和稻纵卷叶螟均表现高度抗性; 喷药试验中, 阳性植株与阴性植株、对照植株的主要农艺性状均没有显著差异。这说明转cry1Ab基因纯合株系T_1Ab-10具商品化潜力, 可作基因聚合材料。     

优化子叶节转化法培育大豆MtDREB2A转基因植株

将正交因素试验与GUS基因组织化学染色等技术相结合, 优化大豆(Glycine max)品种东农50遗传转化体系, 导入抗旱关键基因MtDREB2A。结果表明, 大豆种子表面消毒, NaClO溶液法与Cl₂气熏蒸法的去污染率分别达到98.67%和93.33%。子叶节法转GUS基因组织化学染色率(68.33%)显著高于下胚轴法(14.00%)和胚尖法(0.67%) (P<0.05)。种子萌发5天, 农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)培养温度25°C, OD₆₀₀=0.9, 共培养5天的转GUS基因子叶节最高达72.00%; 恢复培养5天, 草丁膦(3 mg·L^-1)、头孢噻肟钠(200 mg·L^-1)和羧苄青霉素(300 mg·L^-1)筛选诱导分化的转GUS基因不定芽最多为3.33%; 优化的大豆遗传转化体系转化效率为1.11%。转MtDREB2A基因大豆东农50植株根系更加密集, 主根长度和侧根数量均显著高于对照(P<0.05), 证实MtDREB2A基因具有促进大豆根系生长的作用, 为利用该基因进行大豆抗旱育种奠定了坚实的基础并提供了理论依据。     

转sck+cry1Ac基因水稻对二化螟及二化螟绒茧蜂存活和生长发育的影响

在实验室研究了转sck+cry1Ac基因水稻（MSB）对二化螟Chilo suppressalis (Walker)生长、存活以及经寄主对二化螟绒茧蜂Apanteles chilonis (Munakata)生物学特性的影响。连续取食转sck+cry1Ac基因水稻的二化螟, 体重下降、死亡率上升,从第2天开始,其体重显著低于取食明恢86的对照组;从第6天开始,死亡率极显著高于对照组。二化螟取食MSB 36 h后移至对照水稻上继续取食3、6、9、12天后,死亡率与对照差异都不显著;但体重均低于对照,其中第3天的体重差异达显著水平。二化螟绒茧蜂分别以取食MSB一定时间的3、4、5龄二化螟幼虫为寄主时,寄生率均低于以对照组,其中对4龄幼虫的寄生率差异显著;结茧率与对照差异均不显著;寄生在取食MSB的5龄二化螟幼虫体内的蜂、蛹期显著长于对照,而所结茧的茧长显著短于对照;但卵 幼虫历期、每茧块茧数、羽化率、雌性率、成蜂寿命和前翅长与对照无显著差异。结果表明转sck+cry1Ac基因水稻不仅对二化螟生长和存活有显著影响, 而且可经寄主二化螟影响到二化螟绒茧蜂的一些生物学特性。     

转cry1C基因抗虫稻谷对黄粉虫生长发育的影响

【目的】研究转cry1C基因抗虫水稻(T1C-19)稻谷对黄粉虫生长发育的影响,为转Bt基因水稻的推广和应用提供理论支持。【方法】在试验室条件下,分别用100%T1C-19稻谷、100%明恢63(MH63)稻谷、62%T1C-19稻谷、62%MH63稻谷和正常饲料饲喂黄粉虫幼虫直至其化蛹,比较各处理组体重、存活率、幼虫历期、化蛹率和羽化率等检测指标。【结果】正常饲料组、62%T1C-19稻谷组和62%MH63稻谷组的黄粉虫幼虫体重几乎都显著高于100%T1C-19稻谷组和100%MH63稻谷组,但T1C-19和MH63组间差异不显著;此外,5组间的存活率、幼虫历期、化蛹率及羽化率差异均不显著。【结论】黄粉虫可通过取食转cry1C基因稻谷暴露于Cry1C蛋白中,但黄粉虫的生长发育没有受到明显的负面影响;转cry1C基因稻谷可作为饲料原料用于黄粉虫养殖。     

Comparison of three transgenic Bt rice lines for insecticidal protein expression and resistance against a target pest,Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Two transgenic rice lines (T2A‐1 and T1C‐19b) expressing cry2A and cry1C genes, respectively, were developed in China, targeting lepidopteran pests including Chilo suppressalis (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). The seasonal expression of Cry proteins in different tissues of the rice lines and their resistance to C. suppressalis were assessed in comparison to a Bt rice line expressing a cry1Ab/Ac fusion gene, Huahui 1, which has been granted a biosafety certificate. In general, levels of Cry proteins were T2A‐1 > Huahui 1 > T1C‐19b among rice lines, and leaf > stem > root among rice tissues. The expression patterns of Cry protein in the rice line plants were similar: higher level at early stages than at later stages with an exception that high Cry1C level in T1C‐19b stems at the maturing stage. The bioassay results revealed that the three transgenic rice lines exhibited significantly high resistance against C. suppressalis larvae throughout the rice growing season. According to Cry protein levels in rice tissues, the raw and corrected mortalities of C. suppressalis caused by each Bt rice line were the highest in the seedling and declined through the jointing stage with an exception for T1C‐19b providing an excellent performance at the maturing stage. By comparison, T1C‐19b exhibited more stable and greater resistance to C. suppressalis larvae than T2A‐1, being close to Huahui 1. The results suggest cry1C is an ideal Bt gene for plant transformation for lepidopteran pest control, and T1C‐19b is a promising Bt rice line for commercial use for tolerating lepidopteran rice pests.     

分子改造cryNAc基因的转基因水稻创制及其功能评价

利用蛋白质工程技术对Cry蛋白进行改造是创制新Bt蛋白的主要途径之一。Cry蛋白改造涉及结构域交换、定点突变、蛋白截断等多种方法。利用结构域交换、密码子优化方法对Bt基因进行合理化设计改造,获得新型Bt蛋白编码基因cryNAc,进一步利用农杆菌介导法转入吉林省水稻主栽品种吉粳88中,并开展了转基因后代的分子鉴定和抗虫性功能评价相关研究工作。分子检测结果表明cryNAc基因成功整合进入吉粳88基因组中,且稳定表达;CryNAc蛋白在各个发育时期根、茎、叶中的表达存在显著差异,灌浆期水稻叶片中蛋白表达量最高（2 959.73 ng/g）,分蘖期茎中蛋白表达量最低（150.9 ng/g）;田间接虫试验表明cryNAc转基因水稻抗二化螟的能力显著。上述结果表明cryNAc基因可作为新的cry基因用于作物遗传改良。     

Use of 13C labeling to assess carbon partitioning in transgenic and nontransgenic (parental) rice and their rhizosphere soil microbial communities

Photosynthetic assimilation of CO₂ is a primary source of carbon in soil and root exudates and can influence the community dynamics of rhizosphere organisms. Thus, if carbon partitioning is affected in transgenic crops, rhizosphere microbial communities may also be affected. In this study, the temporal effects of gene transformation on carbon partitioning in rice and rhizosphere microbial communities were investigated under greenhouse conditions using the ¹³C pulse-chase labeling method and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. The ¹³C contents in leaves of transgenic (Bt) and nontransgenic (Ck) rice were significantly different at the seedling, booting and heading stages. There were no detectable differences in ¹³C distribution in rice roots and rhizosphere microorganisms at any point during rice development. Although a significantly lower amount of Gram-positive bacterial PLFAs and a higher amount of Gram-negative bacterial PLFAs were observed in Bt rice rhizosphere as compared with Ck at all plant development stages, there were no significant differences in the amount of individual ¹³C-PLFA between Bt and Ck rhizospheres at any growing stage. These findings indicate that the insertion of cry1Ab and marker genes into rice had no persistent or adverse effect on the photosynthate distribution in rice or the microbial community composition in its rhizosphere.     

Bt水稻Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白表达的时间动态及其在水稻土中的降解

采用ELISA技术检测了Bt水稻克螟稻1号(KMD1)和克螟稻2号(KMD2)不同生育期茎和叶片中cry1Ab基因的表达水平,以及植株组织(茎和叶片)室内埋于不同稻田土壤中其Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的降解动态。结果表明,不论是KMD1还是KMD2,茎和叶片中cry1Ab基因的表达量为3.7～9.1μg/g鲜重,均以拔节期和孕穗期相对较低,灌浆初期显著升高,黄熟期又明显下降(但仍然维持在较高的表达量)。KMD1茎和叶片中Cry1Ab蛋白在3种水稻土即青紫泥田、黄松田和黄筋泥田中的降解,均以前期(处理后12d内)较快,但中后期明显较慢;处理后42d,这两种组织中的Cry1Ab残留量均稳定在μg级水平,分别仅有0.20～0.85μg/g干重和0.35～1.81μg/g干重。KMD1茎和叶片中Cry1Ab蛋白降解动态与土壤类型密切相关,青紫泥田中降解最快,黄筋泥田中次之,黄松田中最慢。淹水可加快土壤中茎和叶的腐解,从而促进其中Cry1Ab蛋白的降解。KMD2粉碎叶中Cry1Ab蛋白在有菌水稻土中的降解快于无菌土中,表明土壤微生物存在可加快Cry1Ab蛋白的降解。在各种土壤淹水与非淹水、灭菌与非灭菌处理条件下的Cry1Ab蛋白降解过程均可用指数方程进行拟合,算得其消减半衰期为2.2～11.6d不等。讨论了土壤类型、淹水等影响Cry1Ab蛋白降解的可能机制,认为土壤微生物是其中起关键作用的一个因子。     

Effect of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis rice lines on mortality and feeding behavior of rice stem borers (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Ten transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Bt rice, Oryza sativa L., lines with different Bt genes (two Cry1Ac lines, three Cry2A lines, and five Cry9C lines) derived from the same variety Minghui 63 were evaluated in both the laboratory and the field. Bioassays were conducted by using the first instars of two main rice lepidopteran insect species: yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and Asiatic rice borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker). All transgenic lines exhibited high toxicity to these two rice borers. Field evaluation results also showed that all transgenic lines were highly insect resistant with both natural infestation and manual infestation of the neonate larvae of S. incertulas compared with the nontransformed Minghui63. Bt protein concentrations in leaves of 10 transgenic rice lines were estimated by the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cry9C gene had the highest expression level, next was cry2A gene, and the cry1Ac gene expressed at the lowest level. The feeding behavior of 7-d-old Asiatic rice borer to three classes of Bt transgenic rice lines also was detected by using rice culm cuttings. The results showed that 7-d-old larvae of Asiatic rice borer have the capacity to distinguish Bt and non-Bt culm cuttings and preferentially fed on non-Bt cuttings. When only Bt culm cuttings with three classes of different Bt proteins (CrylAc, Cry2A, and Cry9C) were fed, significant distribution difference of 7-d-old Asiatic rice borer in culm cuttings of different Bt proteins also was found. In the current study, we evaluate different Bt genes in the same rice variety in both the laboratory and the field, and also tested feeding behavior of rice insect to these Bt rice. These data are valuable for the further development of two-toxin Bt rice and establishment of appropriate insect resistance management in the future.     

Bt rice harbouring cry genes controlled by a constitutive or wound-inducible promoter: protection and transgene expression under Mediterranean field conditions

Seven homozygous transgenic lines of two European commercial cultivars of rice (Ariete (A) and Senia (S)), harbouring the cry1B or cry1Aa Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) delta-endotoxin genes, were field evaluated for protection from striped stem borer (SSB) (Chilo suppressalis) damage during the 2001 and 2002 summer crop seasons in the Delta de l'Ebre region, Spain. The plant codon-optimized toxin gene was placed under the control of the promoter of either the constitutive ubi1 gene or the wound-inducible mpi gene from maize. Stable, high-level, insecticidal protein accumulation was observed throughout root, leaf and seed tissues of field-grown plants harbouring the cry1B (lines A64.1, A33.1, A3.4 and S98.9) or cry1Aa (lines S05.1 and A19.14) genes under the control of the ubi1 promoter. Conversely, no toxin was detected in unwounded vegetative tissues of the A9.1 line harbouring the cry1B gene controlled by the mpi promoter, indicating that natural environmental stresses did not trigger the activity of the wound-inducible promoter. However, the toxin accumulated at 0.2% total soluble proteins in A9.1 sheath tissue exhibiting brown lesions resulting from SSB damage. The agronomical traits and performance of the transgenic lines were generally comparable with parental controls, except in the two lines accumulating Cry1Aa, which exhibited a high frequency of plants non-true to type. Natural infestation was assisted with manual infestations of L2/L3 SSB larvae in border control plants surrounding the experimental plots, which served as a reservoir for the second-cycle SSB population. The observation of damage (brown lesions and dead hearts) during the crop season and dissection of plants at harvest stage revealed a range of protection amongst the transgenic lines, which was highly consistent with the level of toxin accumulation and with previous experience in greenhouse assays. Lines A3.4 and S05.1 were found to exhibit stable and full protection against SSB attacks, mediated by the accumulation of Cry1B and Cry1Aa toxin, respectively, which was comparable with that afforded by the spraying of chemical insecticides on control plants. The wound-induced A9.1 line exhibited a satisfactory level of protection, with a notably low level of penetration of SSB larvae in the stems, but higher external symptoms than constitutive lines, probably due to the time lag to benefit from the protective effect of Cry1B.     

转cry1Ab/cry1Ac基因籼稻对稻田节肢动物群落影响

将稻田节肢动物群落按营养关系划分为5个功能团,即植食类、寄生类、捕食类、腐食类和其它类,从功能团优势度、功能团内科组成及其优势度、群落主要参数及群落相异性等方面,经两年四点的调查就2个转cry1Ab/cry1Ac基因籼稻（Bt水稻）品系TT9.3和TT9.4对稻田节肢动物群落的影响作了较系统评价。植食类、寄生类和腐食类功能团内某些优势科的优势度在Bt水稻田与对照（IR72）田之间有时呈显著或极显著差异,如Bt水稻田中茧蜂或姬蜂科的优势度有时明显低于对照。但是,在大多情况下Bt水稻田与对照田之间功能团优势度、功能团内科组成及其优势度、群落主要参数（物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、均匀性指数、优势集中性指数）及其时间动态基本无明显差异;Bt水稻田与对照田间植食类、寄生类、捕食类亚群落和整个节肢动物群落的相异性大多较低。可见,Bt水稻对稻田节肢动物群落基本无明显的负面影响。     

Effective control of yellow stem borer and rice leaf folder in transgenic rice indica varieties Basmati 370 and M 7 using the novel δ-endotoxin cry2A Bacillus thuringiensis gene

Transgenic rice indica varieties Basmati 370 and M 7 expressing the novel cry2A (Bt) insecticidal gene were generated by particle bombardment. Molecular and biochemical analyses in R0 and R1 populations confirmed stable integration and expression of this novel Bt transgene. We estimated that the gene product was expressed up to 5% of total leaf protein. Insect feeding bioassays demonstrated that the Cry2A protein was effective against the yellow stem borer and the rice leaf folder, two major rice pests in the Indian Subcontinent. This is the first report of the control of major rice pests using this specific Bt gene. The cry2A gene can now be used in combination with other insecticidal genes for pyramiding resistance against insect pests. This will delay, or perhaps in combination with integrated pest management practices, prevent evolution of insect populations resistant to single insecticidal genes.     

不同生育期转Bt基因棉种植对根际土壤微生物的影响

 在盆栽种植条件下,比较研究了两个转Bt基因棉(Gossypium hirsutum)与对照棉对根际土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌和主要功能类群及多样性的影 响差异。结果表明：两个转Bt基因棉根际土壤均可检测到Bt蛋白,且不同转Bt基因棉根系分泌Bt蛋白量以及Bt蛋白在根际土壤中的降解率不同 。与各自对照相比,转Bt基因棉对细菌和真菌生长繁殖有促进作用,对放线菌、好气固氮菌和钾细菌数量没有显著影响。苗期和花期转Bt基因 棉均可显著提高氨化细菌、显著降低无机溶磷菌数量,花期均可显著提高好气纤维分解菌、显著降低有机溶磷菌数量,‘Bt冀668’苗期也可显 著提高好气纤维分解菌数量。转Bt基因棉根际土壤好气纤维分解菌、有机和无机溶磷菌多度发生了变化。尽管功能类群总数转Bt基因棉高于各 自对照常规棉,但群落多样性和均匀度都有所下降,优势集中性表现明显,且花期转Bt基因棉多样性参数值以及功能类群数量的变化幅度大于 苗期。