宝乐安预防抗生素相关性腹泻的临床疗效

目的观察宝乐安(酪酸梭菌活菌散)预防抗生素相关性腹泻的临床疗效。方法将符合入选标准的101例肺炎患儿随机分为对照组和预防组,其中对照组53例患儿给予抗菌药以及对症治疗;预防组48例患儿在此基础上加服宝乐安,500 mg/次,3次/d,停用抗菌药后继续服用至少7 d的宝乐安;两组患儿在出现继发腹泻后均给予宝乐安治疗至腹泻痊愈;观察两组患儿出现腹泻情况、大便性状恢复正常时间及伴随症状发生情况。结果预防组患儿腹泻发生率(12.5%)明显低于对照组(39.6%),腹泻发生时间明显晚于对照组,且伴随症状发生率也明显低于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论宝乐安预防抗生素相关性腹泻的效果显著,值得临床推广使用。     

金双歧、茵栀黄与蓝光照射治疗新生儿高胆红素血症临床研究

目的对比金双歧、茵栀黄联合蓝光照射治疗与茵栀黄联合蓝光照射治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效及腹泻发生的情况。方法选择80例高胆红素血症新生儿,随机分成试验组和对照组,对照组40例患儿采用茵栀黄5 m L口服,2次/d,联合蓝光照射治疗;试验组40例患儿采用金双歧0.5 g口服,2次/d,茵栀黄5 m L口服,2次/d,联合蓝光照射治疗。结果两组患儿的疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01),两组患儿腹泻不良反应发生比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论金双歧、茵栀黄联合蓝光照射治疗新生儿黄疸的疗效显著,腹泻不良反应发生少。     

茵栀黄颗粒联合蓝光治疗新生儿病理性黄疸的疗效及对患儿心肌酶谱的影响

目的:探讨茵栀黄颗粒联合蓝光治疗新生儿病理性黄疸的疗效及对患儿心肌酶谱的影响。方法:选取2015年2月至2016年12月于我院就诊的80例新生儿病理性黄疸患儿,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各40例。根据两组患儿的临床症状有针对性地给予常规治疗,对照组在此基础上加用蓝光照射治疗,观察组加用蓝光照射联合茵栀黄颗粒进行治疗,两组均持续治疗一个星期。比较两组的临床疗效、治疗前后血清心肌酶、胆红素水平的变化以及不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗前,两组患儿的血清总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)水平比较差异不明显(P0.05);治疗后,两组TBIL、DBIL水平均较同组治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且观察组显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前,两组患儿血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同功酶(CK-MB)水平比较差异不显著(P0.05);治疗后,两组血清LDH、CK、CK-MB水平均较同组治疗前显著降低(P0.05),且观察组显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组不良反应的发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:茵栀黄颗粒联合蓝光照射治疗新生儿黄疸较单用蓝光照射治疗可显著提高临床疗效,显著改善患儿血清胆红素及心肌酶谱水平,且安全性较高。     

茵栀黄口服液联合布拉酵母 对新生儿黄疸的治疗

目的探讨茵栀黄口服液联合布拉酵母治疗新生儿黄疸的效果。方法回顾性分析2012年5月至2016年2月我院收治的108例新生儿黄疸患儿的临床资料,根据治疗方法的不同将患儿分为对照组(50例)和观察组(58例)。两组患儿均给予蓝光处理,对照组同时给予布拉酵母治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联用茵栀黄口服液进行治疗。比较两组患儿凝血指数、血气指标、生化指标及治疗效果。结果观察组患儿治疗后有效率高于对照组(98.28%vs 90.00%,χ~2=24.92,P0.05)。观察组患儿治疗后PaCO_2、pH、BE及Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组患儿治疗后PT、APTT、FIB、TT异常发生率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组患儿治疗后血清总胆红素水平低于对照组,住院时间及黄疸消退时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论茵栀黄口服液联合布拉酵母治疗新生儿黄疸效果显著,能够明显缩短黄疸消退时间,改善血气分析指标及生化指标水平,安全有效。     

磷酸肌酸钠与维生素C 对肺炎支原体感染心肌损害患儿炎症因子水平的影响

目的:探究磷酸肌酸钠配合大剂量维生素C对小儿肺炎支原体感染心肌损害患儿炎症因子的影响。方法:收集我院收治的肺炎支原体感染心肌损害患儿72例,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组和试验组,每组36例。对照组给予磷酸肌酸钠治疗,试验组给予磷酸肌酸钠联合维生素C治疗。观察并比较两组患儿治疗前后心肌酶、心功能、炎症因子水平、临床疗效及不良反应。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患儿血清心肌酶水平均降低,且试验组低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患儿心排出量、每搏输出量均升高,且试验组高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患儿血清IL-18,IL-6及IL-17水平均降低,且试验组低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患儿血清TGF-β水平均升高,且试验组高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。试验组临床总有效率(91.67%)高于对照组(72.22%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:磷酸肌酸钠配合大剂量维生素C治疗小儿肺炎支原体感染心肌损害的临床疗效显著,能够改善心肌功能,抑制炎性反应,安全性较高。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散辅助治疗新生儿黄疸的随机多中心临床疗效观察

目的观察酪酸梭菌活菌散(商品名:宝乐安)辅助治疗新生儿黄疸的临床疗效。方法将543例新生儿黄疸患儿随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组274例,对照组269例。观察组在蓝光治疗的同时给予酪酸梭菌活菌散口服,0.5g/次,3次/d,服至黄疸消退;对照组只给予蓝光治疗。于治疗后48h、72h、96h检测血清胆红素值。结果治疗72h、96h后观察组血清胆红素水平较对照组明显下降(P0.05)。结论在蓝光治疗新生儿黄疸的同时服用酪酸梭菌活菌散,可迅速降低胆红素水平,缩短治疗时间。     

口腔雾化药物吸入联合小儿双金清热口服液治疗疱疹性口炎的临床疗效

目的:研究口腔雾化药物吸入联合小儿双金清热口服液治疗疱疹性口炎的临床疗效。方法:选择2012年5月至2014年5月在我院接受治疗的疱疹性口炎患者122例实施研究。根据数字法随机分成观察组及对照组各61例,观察组给予口腔雾化药物吸入以及小儿双金清热口服液进行治疗,对照组单纯给予小儿双金清热口服液进行治疗,对比两组治疗后的疗效、相关康复指标以及治疗后的不良反应。结果:观察组的总有效率是98.36%,显著高于对照组的88.52%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的热退时间和疱疹消退时间以及康复时间均分别显著少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组治疗后的总不良反应发生率与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:利用口腔雾化药物吸入联合小儿双金清热口服液对疱疹性口炎患儿进行治疗,效果较好,安全性更高,值得在临床上推广应用。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散联合光疗治疗新生儿母乳性黄疸临床观察

目的探讨酪酸梭菌活菌散（商品名：宝乐安）联合光疗治疗母乳性黄疸的临床疗效。方法将母乳性黄疸患儿116例随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组59例在光疗、补液等常规治疗的同时给予口服酪酸梭菌活菌散;对照组57例应用光疗、补液等常规治疗。治疗中观察患儿黄疸消退时间并定期检测血清胆红素含量,比较胆红素日均下降速度及治愈时间。结果观察组治愈时间短于对照组（P〈0．05）,观察组日均胆红素下降值高于对照组（P〈0．01）,差异具有非常显著性。结论酪酸梭菌活菌散联合光疗治疗母乳性黄疸能够缩短光疗时间和快速降低血清胆红素,值得临床推广应用。     

地衣芽孢杆菌治疗新生儿母乳性黄疸的疗效观察

目的了解地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊(整肠生)治疗母乳性黄疸的疗效。方法选取2012年1月至2015年4月我院门诊治疗的新生儿母乳性黄疸69例,随机分为两组,对照组给予口服茵栀黄颗粒,观察组给予茵栀黄颗粒及整肠生治疗,观察治疗效果及两组血清胆红素值及黄疸消退时间、大便次数。结果 (1)治疗后观察组总有效率97.14%,对照组治疗总有效率82.35%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)治疗第5天观察组血清总胆红素值明显低于对照组,黄疸消退时间短于对照组,平均大便次数多于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。(3)两组患儿均无过敏及脱水等不良反应。结论整肠生治疗母乳性黄疸可缩短黄疸持续时间,显著降低血清总胆红素水平,提高治疗有效率。     

地衣芽孢杆菌颗粒治疗小儿手足口病(普通型)的临床疗效

目的探讨活菌制剂地衣芽孢杆菌颗粒治疗小儿手足口病(普通型)的临床疗效。方法采用多中心随机、对照研究,将116例患者分为两组,对照组给予利巴韦林喷雾剂6mg/次,每日3次+热毒宁0.5mL/kg,ivgtt,1次/d+对症处理,试验组在基础治疗方案基础上,给予地衣芽孢杆菌颗粒剂(0.25g/袋),每次1袋,3次/d,首次加倍,连续给药5d,比较两组临床效果。结果自治疗2d起,两组患者临床症状比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.134,P0.05),且至治疗4d时,该差异仍然存在(t=5.356,P0.05),治疗5d时,两组间比较差异无统计学意义(t=2.124,P0.05);试验组皮疹开始消退时间、皮疹完全消退时间和开始进食时间均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.456、4.387、7.432,P0.05);完全退热时间试验组也低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后两组患者IgA、IgG均明显改善,且试验组改善程度优于对照组(t=6.372、5.379,P0.05);IgM、C3、C4治疗前后差异无统计学意义(P0.05);试验组治疗有效率[93.22%(55/59)]高于对照组[78.95%(45/57)],两组比较差异具有统计学意义(Mann-Whitney=31.368,P0.05)。结论地衣芽孢杆菌颗粒能够在一定程度上调节患儿免疫功能,减轻临床症状,对小儿手足口病(普通型)具有一定临床价值。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various