江苏省连云港发现黑冠鳽

2019年3月29日16时左右在江苏省连云港市海滨公园(34°44'52"N,119°21'55"E,海拔13 m)发现1只体型略小的鹭科鸟类(图1)。该鸟头顶及羽冠黑色,脸部栗褐色,上体暗棕栗色带黑色蠹状纹;下体喉白、中部杂以黑色点斑,胸部棕黄色杂以黑斑,腹侧、两胁及腋羽均为棕白色具黑色粗横斑;眼先裸部蓝色,嘴黑,跗跖暗褐色。     

江苏省连云港发现黑冠■

正2019年3月29日16时左右在江苏省连云港市海滨公园(34°44′52″N,119°21′55″E,海拔13 m)发现1只体型略小的鹭科鸟类(图1)。该鸟头顶及羽冠黑色,脸部栗褐色,上体暗棕栗色带黑色蠹状纹;下体喉白、中部     

北京发现丑鸭

正2017年2月10日,我们在北京市区的元大都城垣遗址公园内安贞门段(39°58′30.24″N,116°24′8.25″E)的护城河中发现一只野鸭。经实地观察、拍照,目测该鸟体长约40 cm,体形短圆敦实,头圆而嘴短,上体暗褐色,眼上、眼下污白色,耳羽处具一明显的白色斑点,两翅及尾暗褐色,下体污白色;虹膜深褐色,嘴灰色,脚灰色。     

内蒙古鸟类新纪录——丑鸭

<正>2014年6月15日,在内蒙古赛罕乌拉国家级自然保护区(44°13'28″N,118°43'9″E)进行野生动物多样性调查时,于上午11∶00左右在阿山河水库发现1只体长约40 cm的雁形目鸭科游禽在水中取食,在距其约100 m处,利用施华洛世奇ATS25-60×65单筒望远镜观察发现:该鸟虹膜暗褐色,嘴和脚均为灰色;上体羽及胸部以棕黑色为主,嘴基部有大片白斑,扩展至鼻基部,头部耳羽后侧有一个大白斑;胁部为褐色,下腹褐色较浅。根据其形态特征,查对相关资料(约翰·马敬能等,2000;郑光     

河北平山发现锈胸蓝姬鹟

正2015年6月22日,在河北省平山县驼梁国家级自然保护区驼峰附近的华北落叶松林内(113°49′33″E,38°44′59″N,海拔2 056 m)观察到1雌1雄2只鹟科鸟类。雌鸟上体橄榄褐色,两翼各具1道棕白色的翼斑;喉部、胸部浅褐色,并略带皮黄;尾上覆羽沾棕色;眼周白色,嘴黑褐色。雄鸟上体暗蓝灰色,喉、上胸、两胁橙红色,腹部颜色逐渐变白,尾近黑色。发现时,雌鸟往返飞行于落叶松枝和地面进行觅食;雄鸟在落叶松上部的树枝上频繁地鸣唱。经查阅文献(约翰·马敬能等2000,曲利明2014,Clement et al.2016),确定该鸟种为锈胸蓝姬鹟(Ficedula hodgsonii)(图1)。     

西藏墨脱发现棕腹隼雕

正2019年4月15日在西藏林芝市墨脱县墨崩公路段(95°13′23″E,29°16′02″N,海拔800 m)、4月18日在波墨公路80k附近(95°29′28″E,29°39′33″N,海拔2 097 m)分别发现1只棕腹隼雕(Lophotriorchis kienerii)亚成体,并拍摄到其中1只的照片(图1)。该鸟具有白色的眉纹,深色的过眼纹向后延伸至后颈,脸颊、颈侧和喉部白色,翅形宽大,初级飞羽基部腹面有较明显的深色条带,尾黑褐色具黑色     

云南盈江发现白翅栖鸭

正2019年4月22日,杜银磊等在云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县那邦镇那邦村一水塘(24°42′58.40″N,97°34′08.70″E,海拔239 m)拍摄到一只鸭类(见封面)。该鸟通体棕褐色;头、颈褐色并杂有白色点斑,而不全为黑色,与疣鼻栖鸭(Cairina moschata)不同(Johnsgard 2010);颈部领环黑色,下体深色,与瘤鸭(Sarkidiornismelanotos)有别(Johnsgard2010);飞行时,可见翼上的白色覆羽与蓝紫色的翼镜形成鲜明反差),翼下的白色覆羽与黑色的飞羽形成鲜明对比(图1);     

云南省南涧发现短尾贼鸥

<正>2016年9月12日在云南省大理白族自治州南涧县城郊(25°02′N,100°31′E,海拔1 370 m)发现1只体弱鸟类,后送至无量山国家级自然保护区南涧管理局,恢复体力后被放飞。该鸟暗褐色,多杂斑;头顶浅棕黄色,有黑色纵纹;初级飞羽基部白色,翼上覆羽具棕色边缘;中央尾羽延长,尾羽基部显白色,尾上覆羽斑驳;嘴灰色,嘴尖黑色;脚黑色,有蹼。经查阅有关文献(约翰·马敬能等2000,尹琏等2008,刘小如等2010)确认该鸟为     

云南鸟类一新纪录——斑尾塍鹬

<正>2013年9月8日作者在云南省昆明市晋宁县昆阳镇(24°39'14.41″N,102°35'20.69″E,海拔1892 m)记录到一种中型涉禽。根据观察和查阅有关文献确定该鸟为斑尾塍鹬Limosa lapponica,为云南鸟类物种新纪录。观察该鸟体形大小较与其混群的青脚鹬Tringa nebularia(体长约33 cm)大,约40 cm;头、颈和胸灰色具模糊黑色细纹,顶棕色,眉纹白色显著,过眼纹黑色;上背、肩棕褐色,各羽略具白色羽缘;翅上覆羽灰褐色,各羽具宽阔白色羽缘;初级飞羽黑色,第一、二枚羽轴白色显著,初级覆羽黑色,飞行时尤显;腰白色,尾上覆羽白且杂横斑,尾具黑白相间横斑。腹、胁至尾下覆羽白色沾棕,     

西藏墨竹工卡县发现北极鸥

<正>2015年4月5至6日,在西藏自治区拉萨河中上游、米拉山西侧(墨竹工卡县境内)的尼玛加热乡直孔电站水库(30°01′44.39″N,91°50′36.99″E,海拔3 898 m)观察到1只亚成年鸥类,该鸟较棕头鸥(Larus brunnicephalus)个体大,嘴为浅粉色,喙尖端黑色,跗跖和趾为粉色,全身大体白色,羽有褐色纵纹,背羽和尾羽具有更显著褐色纵纹(图1),经鉴定为北极鸥(L.hyperboreus)(约翰·马敬能等2000,Mark 2009,曲利明2014)。查阅相     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.