IL-4、5-HT在过敏性休克死亡豚鼠脏器中的表达及其意义

目的寻找法医学鉴定过敏性休克死亡的病理形态学诊断指标。方法利用组织芯片技术采用免疫组化方法（SP法）检测42只过敏性休克豚鼠（实验组28只,空气栓塞组7只,对照组7只）死后0,6,12,24h4个时间点的心、肝、肺、肾、脾、胃、肠、气管及扁桃体组织中的IL-4和5-HT的表达情况。结果（1）IL-4的表达：实验组肺、气管及胃组织呈阳性表达,并以0、6h表达最强,各时间点的表达强度有统计学意义,P〈0．01;肠组织呈弱阳性表达,各时间点的表达强度无统计学意义,P〉0．05;实验组其它脏器、空气栓塞组及对照组所有脏器均无表达。（2）5-HT的表达：实验组肠组织呈弱阳性表达,各时间点的表达强度无统计学意义,P〉0．05;实验组其它脏器、空气栓塞组及对照组所有脏器均无表达。结论免疫组化方法检测IL-4的表达,可望作为鉴定过敏性休克死亡的病理形态学诊断参考指标;肺、气管及胃组织IL-4表达以0、6h表达最强,提示法医学鉴定过敏性休克死亡应尽早尸检。     

变压器噪声暴露对豚鼠应激、肝肾及免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨短时间内变压器噪声暴露对豚鼠应激、肝肾及免疫功能的影响。方法:取32只健康成年(5-6月龄)豚鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,每组16只。实验组给予录制的变压器噪声(声压级范围40.8-55 d B SPL,频谱范围150-2000 Hz)连续暴露28天,10小时/天(晚10点到早上8点),对照组在相同条件下饲养,无噪声暴露。噪声暴露结束后,对实验豚鼠的应激、肝肾及免疫功能进行定量评估比较。结果:噪声暴露28天后实验组豚鼠的应激状态指标(ACTH、血清皮质醇)与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),主要肝肾功能指标与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),免疫相关指标(Ig G、Ig A、Ig E、IL-1、IL-2)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:声压级范围为40.8-55 d B SPL、频谱范围为150~2000 Hz的变压器噪声连续暴露28天(10小时/天)对成年豚鼠应激、肝肾及免疫功能无明显影响。     

α-细辛脑注射液对哮喘患儿血清COX-2,IL-8及IgE水平的影响及其临床疗效

目的:评价α-细辛脑注射液辅助治疗对哮喘患儿血清中COX-2、IL-8、IgE水平的影响及其临床疗效。方法:选取我院哮喘患儿96例,随机分为实验组和对照组,各48例,对照组采用常规药物治疗,实验组在此基础上加用α-细辛脑注射液,观察患儿的临床症状并测量血清中COX-2、IL-8、Ig E含量的变化情况。结果:实验组有效率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(x2=5.352,P=0.0207);实验组喘息、呼吸困难、胸闷、咳嗽及哮鸣音等临床症状的消失时间明显低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组治疗后血清COX-2、IL-8及Ig E因子含量显著低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:α-细辛脑注射液辅助治疗哮喘的疗效显著,能够降低患儿血清COX-2、IL-8及Ig E水平。     

促性腺激素释放激素激动剂与维生素E对子宫内膜异位症不孕患者血清TNF-α及IL-6水平的影响

目的:探讨促性腺激素释放激素激动剂联合维生素E对子宫内膜异位症伴不孕女性血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNFα)及白介素-6(IL-6)水平的影响。方法:收集我院治疗的84例子宫内膜异位症伴不孕患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组42例。对照组患者给予促性腺激素释放激素激动剂治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上给予维生素E治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清TNF-α及IL-6水平、妊娠率以及临床疗效。结果:与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后血清IL-6及TNF-α水平均下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,实验组患者治疗后血清TNF-α及IL-6水平较低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组患者治疗总有效率(92.86%)高于对照组(78.57%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组患者妊娠率(71.43%)高于对照组(54.76),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:促性腺激素释放激素激动剂联合维生素E能够降低子宫内膜异位症伴不孕女性血清TNF-α及IL-6水平,提高患者的妊娠率,临床效果较好。     

支气管哮喘患者血清趋化因子CXCL12水平的表达及其与炎症因子和肺功能的相关性研究

目的:探讨支气管哮喘患者血清趋化因子CXCL12水平与炎症因子和肺功能的关系。方法:选择2017年10月至2019年10月我院收治的支气管哮喘患者共106例,其中急性发作期67例(急性发作组)、慢性持续期39例(慢性持续组),另选择50例体检的健康志愿者为对照组,均进行血清CXCL12检测,分析CXCL12与炎症因子、肺功能、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)、免疫球蛋白E(IgE)、呼出气一氧化氮(FeNo)的相关性。结果:急性发作期组血清CXCL12、白介素-4(IL-4)、白介素-17A(IL-17A)、白介素-13(IL-13)、EOS、Ig E、FeNO水平高于慢性持续期组和对照组(P0.05),慢性持续期组血清CXCL12、IL-4、IL-17A、IL-13、EOS、Ig E、FeNO水平高于对照组(P0.05);急性发作期组第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_1)、第1秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值(FEV_1/FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分数(FEV_1%pred)低于慢性持续期组和对照组(P0.05),慢性持续期组FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC、FEV_1%pred低于对照组(P0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示血清CXCL12与支气管哮喘患者FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC呈负相关(P0.05),与EOS、Ig E、IL-4、IL-17A、IL-13呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:CXCL12在支气管哮喘进程中可能发挥促炎作用,血清CXCL12水平可反映患者病情严重程度和肺通气功能。     

妇科千金胶囊联合桂枝茯苓丸对卵巢囊肿患者血清性激素水平的影响及临床疗效

目的:探讨妇科千金胶囊联合桂枝茯苓丸对卵巢囊肿患者血清性激素水平的影响及临床疗效。方法:选择我院收治的卵巢囊肿患者260例,随机分为实验组与对照组,对照组患者给予妇科千金胶囊治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上联合使用桂枝茯苓丸治疗。观察并比较治疗前后两组患者血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)、促黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡刺激素(FSH)、一氧化氮(NO)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的变化情况及其临床总有效率。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后血清E2、P及NO水平均降低,而血清LH、FSH及TNF-α水平均升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者治疗后血清E2、P、NO水平较低,而血清LH、FSH及TNF-α水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组临床总有效率(90.77%)高于对照组(80.77%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:妇科千金胶囊联合桂枝茯苓丸治疗卵巢囊肿的效果较好,推测其机制可能与降低E2、P、NO水平,升高LH、FSH及TNF-α水平有关。     

维吾尔族与汉族支气管哮喘患儿血清IL-6、TNF-α与IgE水平比较

目的探讨并比较维吾尔族与汉族支气管哮喘患儿血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)及Ig E水平的变化及临床意义。方法采用双抗夹心酶联免疫法(ELISA)分别测定100例汉族及100例维族哮喘患儿急性发作期、缓解期血清中IL-6、TNF-α及Ig E水平,并以200例健康儿童为对照。结果维族与汉族哮喘急性发作期患儿血清中IL-6、TNF-α及Ig E水平均高于哮喘缓解期及对照组,缓解期3项指标仍高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。维族对照组及哮喘缓解期、急性发作期IL-6水平均高于汉族,哮喘急性发作期与缓解期TNF-α低于汉族,急性发作期Ig E水平高于汉族,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论维族及汉族支气管哮喘患儿不同时期血清中IL-6、TNF-α及Ig E水平存在差异,掌握其变化规律对指导两民族支气管哮喘患儿的诊断及治疗具有十分重要的临床价值。     

不同浓度hUCMSCs对重度烧伤大鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用初探

目的:通过气管内给药的方法比较不同浓度人脐带间充质干细胞气管内移植对重度烧伤致急性肺损伤大鼠的保护作用。方法:建立50%面积全层烫伤大鼠模型,将75只成熟雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组(A组)、生理盐水组(B组)、1×10~5HUCMSCs移植组(C)、5×10~5HUCMSCs移植组(D)、1×10~6HUCMSCs移植组(E),每组15只,B组及移植组(C、D、E组)烫伤后立即液体复苏,B组烫伤后气管内滴注0.2 m L生理盐水,移植组气管内滴注不同浓度h UCMSCs,分别在移植后的天第1、3、7天留取大鼠肺组织标本,HE染色观察肺组织病理变化,MPO、CD68免疫组化染色观察肺组织中性粒细胞及肺巨噬细胞阳性表达情况。结果:肺组织病理切片可见:A组各时间点肺泡腔清晰,肺泡结构完整,偶见少量炎性细胞。烫伤后第1天,B组及移植组(C、D、E组)肺泡间隔增厚,大量红细胞漏出及炎性细胞浸润。烫伤后第3天,各组肺泡结构较前清晰,炎性细胞浸润及红细胞漏出较第一天减少,与B组相比移植组肺泡结构清晰,间隔变薄,移植组各组间改变不明显。烫伤后第7天,移植组肺组织损伤较B组明显减轻,E组损伤肺组织恢复最为明显。MPO染色显示:与A组相比,阳性细胞数在烫伤后第1天明显增加(P0.05),但各组之间无明显差异。在烫伤后第3天,与B组相比,移植组阳性细胞数减少明显(P0.05),E组阳性细胞减少明显(P0.05);在烫伤后第7天E组阳性细胞数量较其他组显著减少(P0.05)。CD68染色显示在烫伤后第1天各组阳性细胞显著增多(P0.05),在烫伤后第3天移植组阳性细胞数减少(P0.05),但各移植组间无明显差异,烫伤后第7天移植组阳性细胞数量较B组明显减少(P0.05),E组较C、D组阳性细胞减少有显著差异(P0.05)。结论:气管内移植HUCMSCs能修复重度烧伤后损伤的肺组织,减少肺组织中性粒细胞及巨噬细胞的浸润,且1×10~6HUCMSCs移植效果更明显。     

诱生型一氧化氮合酶在庆大霉素所致豚鼠肾脏损伤中的表达

目的　研究应用免疫组织化学方法观察诱生型一氧化氮合酶在庆大霉素所致豚鼠肾脏损伤中的表达。方法　实验组豚鼠皮下注射庆大霉素 10 0 m g/ kg/日 ,连续 10天 ;对照组豚鼠皮下注射等量生理盐水。取肾脏以 4%多聚甲醛固定 ,石蜡包埋、切片、 H· E.染色 ,并做诱生型一氧化氮合酶免疫组织化学方法。结果　实验组豚鼠肾小管有明显的损伤 ,诱生型一氧化氮合酶免疫染色呈阳性 ;对照组诱生型一氧化氮合酶免疫染色则呈阴性。结论　诱生型一氧化氮合成酶在庆大霉素所致豚鼠肾脏损伤中呈阳性表达 ,提示一氧化氮在肾脏的损伤中起重要作用。     

IL-10在输血相关性移植物抗宿主病小鼠模型中的免疫调节作用

目的:IL-10在输血相关性移植物抗宿主病小鼠模型中的免疫调节作用。方法:取BALB/c实验小鼠免疫活性淋巴细胞,分别输注于BALB/c小鼠(设为A组)及BALB/c裸鼠(设为B组),建立TA-GVHD模型,观察小鼠症状,HE染色判断小鼠肝、肺、小肠、皮肤病理变化情况;采用双夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测两组小鼠血清IL-10浓度;用逆转录聚合酶链反应法RT-PCR检测移植后外周血单个核细胞中IL-10的表达。结果:A组中2只死亡(12.5%),B组中3只死亡(18.75%),共5只死亡,29只存活,两组死亡率比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。B组小鼠累及肝、肺、小肠和皮肤病理损伤程度较A组严重;存活小鼠IL-10浓度较死亡小鼠明显升高(P2<0.05);存活小鼠IL-10 mRNA表达阳性率96.55%明显高于死亡小鼠(20.00%)。结论:IL-10在输血相关的移植物抗宿主病小鼠模型中发挥负向免疫调节--免疫抑制作用。     

In vitro and inhibition of anaphylactic reactions 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine]

1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine (MIBX), a potent antiphosphodiesterase drug, inhibited the anaphylactic reactions both in vitro and in vivo: anaphylactic histamine release from the isolated mast cells of rats, anaphylactic contracture of the isolated trachea of guinea pigs, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in mice and anaphylactic bronchial constriction (ABC) in guinea pigs. MIBX inhibited the anaphylactic reaction of the trachea, PCA and ABC more than the corresponding reactions induced by histamine.     

Guinea pig chymase is leucine-specific: a novel example of functional plasticity in the chymase/granzyme family of serine peptidases

To explore guinea pigs as models of chymase biology, we cloned and expressed the guinea pig ortholog of human chymase. In contrast to rats and mice, guinea pigs appear to express just one chymase, which belongs to the alpha clade, like primate chymases and mouse mast cell protease-5. The guinea pig enzyme autolyzes at Leu residues in the loop where human chymase autolyzes at Phe. In addition, guinea pig alpha-chymase selects P1 Leu in a combinatorial peptide library and cleaves Ala-Ala-Pro-Leu-4-nitroanilide but has negligible activity toward substrates with P1 Phe and does not cleave angiotensin I. This contrasts with human chymase, which cleaves after Phe or Tyr, prefers P1 Phe in peptidyl 4-nitroanilides, and avidly hydrolyzes angiotensin I at Phe8 to generate bioactive angiotensin II. The guinea pig enzyme also is inactivated more effectively by alpha1-antichymotrypsin, which features P1 Leu in the reactive loop. Unlike mouse, rat, and hamster alpha-chymases, guinea pig chymase lacks elastase-like preference for P1 Val or Ala. Partially humanized A216G guinea pig chymase acquires human-like P1 Phe- and angiotensin-cleaving capacity. Molecular models suggest that the wild type active site is crowded by the Ala216 side chain, which potentially blocks access by bulky P1 aromatic residues. On the other hand, the guinea pig pocket is deeper than in Val-selective chymases, explaining the preference for the longer aliphatic side chain of Leu. These findings are evidence that chymase-like peptidase specificity is sensitive to small changes in structure and provide the first example of a vertebrate Leu-selective peptidase.     

BN大鼠和豚鼠对卵清白蛋白致主动过敏反应的免疫学特性比较

目的 比较BN大鼠和豚鼠对卵清白蛋白(OVA)致敏前后机体免疫学特性的变化.方法 BN大鼠和豚鼠分别用OVA(每只1 mg)隔日致敏(i.p.),共5次;于末次致敏第10天以OVA(每只2 mg)激发致敏(i.v.);分别设正常对照组和OVA致敏组.于激发致敏后1h处死动物,分离腹腔肥大细胞、脾脏和骨髓,并制备脾脏和骨髓淋巴细胞.以annexin-V作为标志检测肥大细胞活性,同时以Fluo-3/AM标记胞内钙离子,检测钙离子水平;以PHA和LPS作为有丝分裂原,分别检测脾脏和骨髓T、B淋巴细胞活性.结果 ①致敏BN大鼠和豚鼠脾脏及骨髓T、B淋巴细胞活性均升高,其中骨髓淋巴细胞活性BN大鼠显著高于豚鼠,脾脏淋巴细胞活性两种属间差异无显著性;②致敏后,腹腔肥大细胞活性两种属间差异无显著性,但BN大鼠致敏后是致敏前的6倍,豚鼠是3倍;③肥大细胞内钙离子水平两种属致敏后均升高,豚鼠致敏前后钙离子水平具有统计学意义.结论 OVA致敏后,BN大鼠骨髓淋巴细胞活性明显高于豚鼠,豚鼠肥大细胞内钙离子较BN大鼠升高明显,肥大细胞活性两者无明显差异.因此,在实验中可以根据两种属在过敏反应中的特点以及具体的实验要求选择动物模型.     

The anti-allergic effects of Crinum glaucum aqueous extract.

The aqueous extract of Crinum glaucum was investigated for its effects on rat passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction, rat peritoneal mast cell degranulation and allergic bronchoconstriction in the guinea pig. The extract demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in area of dye leakage. The extract, administered for five days, inhibited mast cell degranulation of normal and passively sensitized rats induced by dextran and antigen. Allergic bronchoconstriction in actively sensitized guinea pigs was inhibited by the extract. The effects of the extract observed were comparable to those of sodium cromoglycate. These results substantiate the efficacy of the extract in the treatment of asthma, in traditional medicine.     

地塞米松对哮喘豚鼠血清白细胞介素-4 变化及肺组织形态的影响

目的:观察地塞米松对哮喘豚鼠血清白细胞介素-4(IL-4)及肺组织形态的影响,探讨糖皮质激素治疗哮喘的机制。方法:30只健康雄性Hartley系豚鼠随机分为空白对照组,病理模型组,地塞米松组。用卵白蛋白(OVA)复制哮喘豚鼠模型。采用流式细胞术分析CD4+interleukin-4(IL-4)细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例,光镜检查肺组织形态变化。结果:病理模型组外周血中IL-4明显高于空白对照组(P<0.05),地塞米松组外周血中IL-4较病理模型组明显降低(P<0.05),且地塞米松组支气管上皮损伤,粘液腺增生等病理改变较病理模型组明显改善。结论:地塞米松治疗哮喘的作用与抑制Th2的活化,改善支气管上皮损伤,粘液腺增生等病理改变有关。     

Identification of a cathepsin G-like proteinase in the MCTC type of human mast cell

Human mast cells can be divided into two subsets based on serine proteinase composition: a subset that contains the serine proteinases tryptase and chymase (MCTC), and a subset that contains only tryptase (MCT). In this study we examined both types of mast cells for two additional proteinases, cathepsin G and elastase, which are the major serine proteinases of neutrophils. Because human mast cell chymase and cathepsin G are both chymotrypsin-like proteinases, the properties of these enzymes were further defined to confirm their distinctiveness. Comparison of their N-terminal sequences showed 30% nonidentity over the first 35 amino acids, and comparison of their amino acid compositions demonstrated a marked difference in their Arg/Lys ratios, which was approximately 1 for chymase and 10 for cathepsin G. Endoglycosidase F treatment increased the electrophoretic mobility of chymase on SDS gels, indicating significant N-linked carbohydrate on chymase; no effect was observed on cathepsin G. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting with specific antisera to each proteinase revealed little, if any, detectable cross-reactivity. Immunocytochemical studies showed selective labelling of MCTC type mast cells by cathepsin G antiserum in sections of human skin, lung, and bowel. No labeling of mast cells by elastase antiserum was detected in the same tissues, or in dispersed mast cells from lung and skin. A protein cross-reactive with cathepsin G was identified in extracts of human skin mast cells by immunoblot analysis. This protein had a slightly higher Mr (30,000) than the predominant form of neutrophil cathepsin G (Mr 28,000), and could not be separated from chymase (Mr 30,000) by SDS gel electrophoresis because of the size similarity. Using casein, a protein substrate hydrolyzed at comparable rates by chymase and cathepsin G, it was shown that about 30% of the caseinolytic activity in mast cell extracts was sensitive to inhibitors of cathepsin G that had no effect on chymase. Hydrolytic activity characteristic of elastase was not detected in these extracts. These studies indicate that human MCTC mast cells may contain two different chymotrypsin-like proteinases: chymase and a proteinase more closely related to cathepsin G, both of which are undetectable in MCT mast cells. Neutrophil elastase, on the other hand, was not detected in human mast cells by our procedures.     

An antibody raised against in vitro-derived human mast cells identifies mature mast cells and a population of cells that are Fc epsilon RI(+), tryptase(-), and chymase(-) in a variety of human tissues.

Selective markers for human mast cells are of paramount importance for understanding their role in physiological and pathological processes. A mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) designated 2C7, raised against in vitro-derived human mast cells, was used in immunoenzymatic analysis of sections from a variety of human organs. Double immunolabeling with 2C7 and tryptase, chymase, Fc epsilon RIalpha, and c-kit was performed on cryostat tissue sections from skin, colon, uterus, breast, stomach, bladder, and lung. MAb 2C7 stained greater than 93% of the tryptase(+) or chymase(+) mast cells in all tissues examined. In addition, the majority of cells stained with the tryptase or chymase also stained for Fc epsilon RIalpha. However, there were a significant number of Fc epsilon RIalpha(1) cells in all tissues studied that were tryptase(-) and/or chymase(-). In contrast, MAb 2C7 in double immunoenzymatic staining co-localized with 93-96% of the Fc epsilon RIalpha(1) cells in all tissues. Analysis for c-kit expression on the different tissues revealed that the majority of tryptase(+) or chymase(+) cells in skin, uterus, bladder, and lung stained with c-kit. However, only approximately 70-78% of tryptase(+) cells in colon and stomach were c-kit(+). These data suggest that MAb 2C7 appears to identify mature mast cells and a population of Fc epsilon RIalpha(1), chymase(-), and tryptase(-) cells in a variety of human tissues.     

哮喘豚鼠肺内ADM表达变化及对离体气管条张力的作用

目的：通过观察肾上腺髓质素（ADM）mRNA在豚鼠哮喘模型肺内的表达及对哮喘豚鼠离体气管条张力的影响,研究ADM在支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）发病机制中的作用。方法：用原位杂交方法检测ADM mRNA在豚鼠哮喘模型肺内的表达,用组胺诱导豚鼠离体气管条收缩后,观察不同浓度的ADM对其收缩作用影响。结果：原位杂交结果显示正常及哮喘豚鼠肺内均有ADM mRNA的表达,但哮喘组较正常组明显增多（P＜0．05）,ADM可抑制组胺诱导的哮喘豚鼠离体气管条的收缩,并呈量效关系,当浓度达10^-8mol/L时抑经达到最大,而且即使加大ADM的浓度,抑制率未继续明显增加,并对致敏气管螺旋条的舒张作用明显大于正常气管螺旋条。结论：哮喘时,肺内ADM mRNA的表达明显增多,ADM可抑制组胺诱导的豚鼠离体气管条的收缩,浓度为10^-8mol/L时抑制率达到最大。提示ADM在哮喘发病过程中起重要作用。     

IgE antibody-mediated cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity reactions in guinea pigs

Cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) reactions are a heterogeneous group of delayed time course basophil-rich immune responses that can be mediated in the guinea pig by T cells, B cells, or IgG1 antibody. This study examined whether guinea pig IgE antibody could also mediate CBH reactions. IgE antibody to picryl or oxazolone determinants was induced by immunizing Hartley strain guinea pigs pretreated with cyclophosphamide. Hyperimmune serum from these animals was passed through a heavy chain-specific anti-IgG1 affinity column. The presence of IgE anti-hapten antibody in the filtrate fraction was verified by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) testing with a 7-day period of local passive sensitization and by the heat lability (56 degrees C, 4 hr) of PCA activity. This IgE-rich fraction and the IgG1 fraction eluted from the column with base (0.2 M Na2CO3, pH 11.3) were transferred i.v. to separate groups of normal guinea pigs. Both fractions mediated delayed time course reactions that contained basophils. Macroscopic and microscopic reactions mediated by the IgE-rich fraction were abolished with heat (56 degrees C, 4 hr). Thus, two antigen-specific factors in guinea pig serum can mediate delayed time course basophil-containing reactions: IgG1 and IgE antibodies. IgE-mediated CBH reactions are similar to the late-phase reaction that follows IgE-dependent wheal-and-flare reactions in humans. The finding that guinea pig IgE can mediate a late reaction that contains basophils makes this a possible model for the human late-phase response, and suggests that some forms of CBH may play a role in human allergic disease.     

TRH-like immunoreactivity in endocrine cells and neurons in the gastro-intestinal tract of the rat and guinea pig

Summary By use of the indirect immunofluorescence technique, the cellular localization of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was studied in the gastrointestinal tract of rats and guinea pigs of different ages. TRH-like immunoreactivity (LI) was observed in many pancreatic islet cells of young rats and guinea pigs but only in single cells of 6-month-old rats. In aged guinea pigs, a reduction in the number of TRH-positive cells was evident; however, numerous strongly fluorescent cells were still present. In the guinea pig, TRH-LI was in addition observed in gastrin cells in the stomach. TRH-positive nerve fibers occurred in the myenteric plexus of the oesophagus, stomach and intestine of the rat, and in the muscle layers of the guinea pig. These results suggest a functional role of TRH both as hormone and neuroactive compound in various portions and sites of the gastro-intestinal tract of the rat and guinea pig