BN大鼠和豚鼠对卵清白蛋白致主动过敏反应的免疫学特性比较

目的 比较BN大鼠和豚鼠对卵清白蛋白(OVA)致敏前后机体免疫学特性的变化.方法 BN大鼠和豚鼠分别用OVA(每只1 mg)隔日致敏(i.p.),共5次；于末次致敏第10天以OVA(每只2 mg)激发致敏(i.v.)；分别设正常对照组和OVA致敏组.于激发致敏后1h处死动物,分离腹腔肥大细胞、脾脏和骨髓,并制备脾脏和骨髓淋巴细胞.以annexin-V作为标志检测肥大细胞活性,同时以Fluo-3/AM标记胞内钙离子,检测钙离子水平；以PHA和LPS作为有丝分裂原,分别检测脾脏和骨髓T、B淋巴细胞活性.结果 ①致敏BN大鼠和豚鼠脾脏及骨髓T、B淋巴细胞活性均升高,其中骨髓淋巴细胞活性BN大鼠显著高于豚鼠,脾脏淋巴细胞活性两种属间差异无显著性；②致敏后,腹腔肥大细胞活性两种属间差异无显著性,但BN大鼠致敏后是致敏前的6倍,豚鼠是3倍；③肥大细胞内钙离子水平两种属致敏后均升高,豚鼠致敏前后钙离子水平具有统计学意义.结论 OVA致敏后,BN大鼠骨髓淋巴细胞活性明显高于豚鼠,豚鼠肥大细胞内钙离子较BN大鼠升高明显,肥大细胞活性两者无明显差异.因此,在实验中可以根据两种属在过敏反应中的特点以及具体的实验要求选择动物模型.

Comparison of immunological characteristics between Brown-Norway rats and guinea pigs sensitized by ovalbumin

Objective The object of this study was to compare the immunological characteristics of brown Norway（BN） rats and guinea pigs challenged with ovalbumin（OVA）.Methods Animals were actively sensitized to OVA or sham sensitized,and 10 days later lymphocytes function in the spleen or bone marrow,activity of peritoneal mast cells and changes of calcium concentration in the peritoneal mast cells were tested.Results Both phytohemagglutinin-P（PHA-P） and lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation in the spleen and bone marrow,and the bone marrow lymphocyte activity in the OVA-sensitized rat group were significantly higher than that of the guinea pig group（P〈0.05）.Annexin-V was used as the biomarker in the process of degranulation of mast cells in the present study.There was an increase of annexin-V binding mast cells in the OVA-sensitized animals,and the amount of mast cells in the OVA-sensitized rat group was twice more increased than that in the guinea pig group.The calcium concentration was also increased in the OVA-sensitized animals,but showed only a significant difference in the calcium concentrations in the mast cells of guinea pigs before and after OVA-sensitization（P〈0.01）.Conclusions The results of this study indicate that repeated intraperitoneal OVA challenges induce immunological responses differently in the BN rats and guinea pigs.The activity of bone marrow lymphocytes in the OVA-sensitized BN rats is considerably higher than that in the sensitized guinea pigs,but the calcium concentration in the mast cells of sensitized guinea pigs is higher than that of BN rats.An appropriate animal model should be selected according to the relevant immunological characteristics and actual demands of the experiment.