催产时鳝卵磷酸酶活性的变化及其与排卵的关系

本实验采用Gomori组织化学法和磷酸苯二钠法,分别检测黄鳝卵ALP、ACP的细胞定位和活性变化。结果表明,催产后72h,ALP活性显著高于临近注射时(Oh),催产后48h和96h(p<0.05);临产前(催产后96h),ACP活性极显著高于试验组其它各时程(p<0.01)。提示ALP和ACP活性增强与卵母细胞成熟、排放有直接关系。本研究为探索排卵机制提供资料。     

天麻生长过程中酸性磷酸酶的研究

以蜜环菌(Armillaria mellea)伴生的天麻(Gastrodia elata)块茎为材料,研究了天麻生长发育过程中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性及其同工酶的变化。结果表明,在天麻生长90d时,其酶谱中有3条谱带,且均显色较弱;生长至120d时,其酶谱与生长90d的酶谱相同,但谱带显色加深;而在生长150d时,酶谱中缺少了一条Rf 0.852的谱带。在90~150d的天麻生长发育过程中,酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性呈现先升高后下降的趋势。讨论了酸性磷酸酶(ACP)同工酶变化的生理学意义。     

中枢神经细胞的高尔基复合体ACP活性分布的电镜观察

本文采用电镜金属盐法—酸性磷酸酶(ACP)细胞化学技术,用30mmol/L pipes缓冲液配制低浓度戊二醛进行固定。对成年大鼠的大脑大锥体细胞,小脑浦肯野氏细胞,脊髓前角运动细胞的高尔基复合体的ACP活性进行了实验研究和探讨。结果发现ACP活性分布在高尔基复合体的部份转移泡、浓缩泡及GERL部位。高尔基复合体呈ACP阳性反应,并显示出多种形态。     

中国对虾中肠的超微结构与细胞化学研究

(1)在透射电镜下观察中国对虾 (PenaeuschinensisOsbeck)中肠肠壁的超微结构。结果显示 :中国对虾中肠肠壁由内向外依次为上皮细胞层、结缔组织层、肌层和结缔组织层四层结构。中肠上皮有明、暗两种细胞 ,以暗细胞占多数 ,两种上皮细胞都具有从肠腔吸收营养物质和向结缔组织中转运营养物质的功能。 (2 )运用酶细胞化学技术 ,显示中肠组织细胞中的酸性磷酸酶 (ACP)和酚氧化酶 (PO)活性 ,电镜观察显示 :ACP阳性反应出现在明细胞顶部的圆形小泡和明、暗两种细胞的溶酶体中 ,暗细胞顶部聚集着大量ACP阴性反应的酶原颗粒 ,酶原颗粒主要由暗细胞合成并分泌。PO颗粒出现在患病虾肠壁结缔组织内解体的颗粒细胞上和游离于结缔组织中。结缔组织除具有维持上皮细胞的形态、贮存营养物质的功能 ,还在对虾免疫反应中发挥作用     

大鼠肝大部分切除前热休克对热休克蛋白和磷酸酶的影响*

定性和定量分析了在大鼠2/3肝切除前8h热休克(46℃,30min)处理(HS-PH)的肝再生期间(0-144h)保持性热休克蛋白70/诱导性热休克蛋白68(HSC70/HSP68)分布和含量变化、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)分布、种类和活性变化.并把上述结果同只进行热休克(46℃,30min)(HS)和只进行2/3肝切除(PH)时这些分子的变化进行了比较.发现三种处理均可提高ACP、AKP活性和HSC70/HSP68表达量,但它们的变化规律不同.进一步分析发现,HS-PH后ACP活性增强是与140kD酶活性增加有关,而AKP活性增强则与140和160-180kD的酶活性增加有关.根据实验结果推测,ACP、AKP和HSC70/HSP68均在肝细胞的热休克反应和肝再生中起作用;它们可能均参与这些过程中的信号传导,但ACP可能在启动肝细胞增殖中起主导作用,AKP和HSC70/HSP68可能在胞质分裂中起主导作用.     

重金属镉对鲫鱼碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶活性的影响

研究了重金属镉对鲫鱼肠、肝胰脏、鳃组织碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶活性的影响。结果表明,在0.2、0.4、0.8mg/L镉浓度条件下静态染毒12h、24h、48h、96h后,鲫鱼肠、鳃组织中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活性降低,肝和胰脏的碱性磷酸酶活性没有明显变化,其酸性磷酸酶活性则升高。     

养殖半滑舌鳎肝胰、中肾、鳃、头肾、脾和心中酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化物酶的组织化学定位

目的研究半滑舌鳎肝胰、中肾、鳃、头肾、脾和心中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和过氧化物酶(POX)的分布及组织定位。方法取健康半滑舌鳎肝胰、中肾、鳃、头肾、脾和心组织进行固定,冰冻切片后进行酶组织化学染色和光密度定量统计分析。结果 ACP活性部位为棕色,主要分布于肝胰小叶间胆管和静脉,中肾肾小体中的肾小球和肾间质的肾小管,头肾和脾中的巨噬细胞以及心肌层中,在鳃中未见有分布;ALP活性部位被染为蓝紫色,主要分布于肝胰的胰腺腺泡内,中肾肾间质的肾小管,鳃的鳃丝血管和上皮细胞,脾静脉的管壁处和椭圆体,心外膜和肌膜上以及头肾的血窦腔内皮;POX活性部位被染为茶褐色,主要分布于肝胰小静脉和肝血窦内的血细胞,中肾肾间质的血细胞,鳃的鳃丝血管、鳃小片血窦和上皮细胞,头肾、脾内的血细胞以及心的心肌层和血细胞中。ACP活性由大到小依次为心、肝胰、脾、中肾、头肾;ALP活性由大到小依次为中肾、鳃、头肾、脾、心、肝胰;POX活性由大到小依次为脾、头肾、肝胰、中肾、鳃、心。结论 ACP、ALP和POX在半滑舌鳎6种组织中分布特点不同,其活性大小在不同组织中有显著差异。     

铅对鲫鱼碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶活性的影响

在实验条件下,将鲫鱼置于1、10、40 mg/L的Pb2 溶液中静态染毒,分别在24 h、48 h、96 h、144 h测定鳃、肝、胰、肾、脑组织的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性.结果 表明,鲫鱼鳃、肝、胰、肾、脑组织中碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性随着铅浓度的升高和染毒时间的延长均呈下降趋势,其中以肾脏和脑下降最明显.     

饥饿对大鳞副泥鳅不同组织糖原、ACP和ALP的影响

饥饿是鱼类在自然状况下经常遇到的不良条件,此时鱼类体内会发生各种生理变化以适应逆境.本文以大鳞副泥鳅为材料,研究了饥饿和再投喂过程中,肝和肌肉两种组织中糖原、酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶的细胞化学特征.对大鳞副泥鳅进行饥饿处理,0～28 d不喂养食物,29～35 d恢复正常喂食.分别于0、7、14、21、28和35 d取材检测.结果表明,随着饥饿程度的加深,糖原和ACP的量均减少,ALP则增多.投喂后,都有不同程度的恢复.但变化存在组织差异.糖原的含量可作为鱼类饥饿程度和补偿性生长的一个重要指标,ACP和ALP在鱼类的应激反应中具有重要作用.     

正常和急性高眼压兔眼视网膜的ACP组织化学研究

用光镜定量酶组织化学和电镜细胞化学方法,观察了兔眼视网膜酸性磷酸酶(acid phos-phatase,ACP)分布及急性高眼压对 ACP 分布及溶酶体的影响。ACP 活性强度在视网膜各层的顺序为(F 检验 P<0.05):由高到低依次①色素上皮层,②外网状层,③内网状层,④外核层和内核层,⑤杆锥体层和神经节细胞及神经纤维层,该结果与以往半定量判定有较大差异。高眼压后15天、30天组色素上皮层 ACP 活性增强,7天组杆锥体层 ACP 活性增强(P<0.01)。电镜下见高眼压后色素上皮层溶酶体数量增多,溶酶体外 ACP 活性增强,外段膜盘内溶酶体外 ACP 活性明显增强。提示 ACP(及其他溶酶体酶)可能在急性高眼压后的视网膜损伤过程中起重要作用。     

颗粒子宫腺细胞的分离、纯化与细胞化学研究

胰蛋白酶消化小鼠子宫腺细胞区,制成单细胞悬液,滴片后进行细胞学及细胞化学研究。结果：有多种类型细胞存在于悬液中,其中中等大小细胞（直径２０μｍ左右）大部分为颗粒子宫腺细胞（ＧｒａｎｕｌａｔｅｄＭｅｔｒｉａｌＧｌａｎｄＣｅｌｌｓ,ＧＭＧｃｅｌｌｓ）。ＧＭＧ细胞约占所有细胞的５０％。利用Ｐｅｒｃｏｌｌ非连续性密度梯度离心可以提高ＧＭＧ细胞的纯度,使之达８０％以上。细胞化学研究显示ＧＭＧ细胞含ＡＣＰ,ＮＳＥ,ＬＮＡｓｅ及糖蛋白成份。     

Uptake of immunoglobulin and albumin by granulated metrial gland cells in vitro

Single cell suspensions of metrial gland tissue from rats at Day 14 of pregnancy were prepared for maintenance in vitro. During the first 2 days of culture IgG was detected in glycoprotein granule-containing granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells. Albumin was also detected in GMG cells at the same stages. The IgG and albumin were not detected during the next 4 days in culture. When metrial gland cells, maintained in vitro for 5 days, were incubated with rat serum for a further 24 h, IgG and albumin were detected in GMG cells. When similar cultures were incubated for 24 h with purified rat IgG or purified rat albumin, GMG cells were positive for IgG and albumin respectively. Albumin was not detected in GMG cells in wax sections of metrial gland tissue, although IgG has previously been demonstrated. The uptake of serum proteins by GMG cells in vitro has been clearly shown but the difference in IgG and albumin content of these cells in paraffin-wax sections indicates that the means by which IgG accumulates intracellularly may be different in vitro and in vivo.     

The metrial gland

The information available about the metrial gland of the pregnant rodent uterus with its content of granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells is reviewed. Recent research shows that GMG cells differentiate from bone marrow cells and supports the suggestion that GMG cells are involved in the immunological relationship between mother and foetus. There is probably a complex association between GMG cells and stromal cells of the metrial gland, and it is suggested that the association between GMG cells and the placental labyrinthine cells represents a functional interaction.     

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by granulated metrial gland cells in pregnant murine uteri

Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are a characteristic uterine component belonging to a natural killer cell lineage. This study is aimed at revealing their kinetic and spatial relationship with vascular growth during pregnancy and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). GMG cells and blood vessels were identified by periodic-acid-Schiff-reagent (PAS)-stained granules and positive staining for factor-VIII-related antigen, respectively. GMG cells were widely distributed in the decidua and metrial gland and showed a numerical increase with a peak at day 13 in parallel with the increase of vascular density. Preceding the maximal vascular development at day 13, microvessels with a narrow lumen representative of neovascularization prevailed at days 7-9, and the VEGF content in the decidua/metrial gland was significantly elevated at days 7-13 concurrently with mRNA expression. By immunolight microscopy combined with PAS staining, GMG cells with PAS-stained granules were positive for VEGF. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that immunoreactions were diffuse in the cytoplasm but not localized in the granules. In contrast, fibroblast-like stromal cells were negative. These data indicate that GMG cells express VEGF and may play inducing roles in uterine neovascularization during pregnancy.     

Localization of a pore-forming protein (perforin) in granulated metrial gland cells

Several studies have suggested that the granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells of the metrial gland (MG) may be natural killer (NK)-like cells. The cytotoxicity of NK cells involves secretion of a pore-forming protein termed perforin, which can polymerize on the target cell membrane to form transmembrane pores that are thought to be involved in target cell death. In the present study, we used an antiserum against perforin to determine whether this protein can be detected immunohistochemically in GMG cells. Mouse uteri were fixed by vascular perfusion with several fixatives on Day 14 of pregnancy, and tissue sections were labeled by an indirect immunofluorescence method. Specific perforin labeling was detected in GMG cells throughout the MG, in the decidua basalis, and in the labyrinthine placenta. The presence of perforin in GMG cells supports the suggestion that they may be NK-like cells.     

Demonstration of YAC target cell lysis by murine granulated metrial gland cells

Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are a consistently observed but poorly understood feature of the murine uterus during successful pregnancy. From morphological studies and antibody phenotyping it has been suggested that GMG cells may be members of the natural killer (NK) cell lineage. However, lysis of murine NK cell targets by GMG cells has not been observed although lysis of freshly dissociated trophoblast cells by GMG cells has been recorded using timelapse video. We failed to demonstrate significant interactions between migrating GMG cells, collected from explant cultures under previously reported cultures conditions, and YAC target cells. However, YAC cell lysis did occur if hrIL-2 was present throughout the periods of explant culture and lysis assay. Furthermore, lysis was enhanced if the pregnant females were treated with the interferon inducer poly I.C. 24 hr before metrial gland collection. GMG cells expressed perforin and serine protease mRNA. Consistent with the lysis experiments, expression of these genes was enhanced when the cells were incubated with hrIL-2. Our data provide further support for a relationship between GMG cells and NK cells, but do not establish a relationship of identity since hrIL-2, a growth factor sufficient for the culture of NK cells, cannot support growth or prolong survival of GMG cells.     

Migration of granulated metrial gland cells from cultured explants of mouse metrial gland tissue

Summary The migration of granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells from cultured explants of metrial gland tissue obtained from mice killed between days 10 and 16 of pregnancy has been studied. GMG cells migrated from all of the explants but more GMG cells were found around explants obtained from mice at day 10 of pregnancy than around explants obtained at later stages of pregnancy. The number of GMG cells found around each explant reached a peak at days 1, 2 or 3 of culture but only a few GMG cells were found around the explants by day 7 of culture.     

氦氖激光穴位照射对兔子宫和卵巢酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的作用效应

用不同功率的Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光照射雌兔外生殖器,照射穴位,用生化方法分别测定兔子宫和卵巢的酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）的活性。激光照射后,子宫和卵巢的ＡＣＰ酶活性保持基本恒定状态,与正常对照组比较无显著差异;相反,ＡＬＰ酶活性显著提高。分析这两种酶在激光用射后表现出来的差异,作者认为是激光作用使细胞内环境改变之故,且这两种酶对Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光的耐受性有所不同。     

Granulated metrial gland cells in the pregnant uterus of mice expressing the collagen mutation tight-skin (Tsk/+)

Summary Influences of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on the differentiation and distribution of granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells, a uterine natural killer (NK)-like cell subset, were studied by histological examination of implantation sites in the mouse mutant Tsk/+. Tsk/+ mice overproduce collagens I and III. GMG cell differentiation appeared to progress normally in Tsk/+ mice between days 6.5 and 12.5 of gestation. The distribution of GMG cells, however, was abnormal. Significant numbers of GMG cells were found in the antimesometrial and lateral decidual regions at day 8.5 of gestation and in the regions between implantation sites until day 10.5 of gestation. Loss of GMG cells from these regions normally occurs by day 6.5 of gestation. These data suggest that alterations to the ECM change the migration properties or life span of GMG cells.     

Alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase levels in saliva and serum of patients with healthy periodontium,gingivitis, and periodontitis before and after scaling with root planing: A clinico-biochemical study

Periodontitis is commonly diagnosed based on clinical parameters. However, the analysis of a few unique biomarkers of the disease process present in the saliva and blood can further assist the estimation of the rate of disease progression.AimThe present study attempted to correlate the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) levels in saliva and serum between patients with healthy periodontium, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis.Materials and methodsThe present study was conducted in 135 subjects between 20 and 55 years of age. The subjects were divided into three groups, namely healthy (Group A), gingivitis (Group B), and chronic periodontitis (Group C). The clinical parameters were recorded using the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and probing depth (PD). Saliva and serum were analyzed for ALP and ACP levels using an auto analyzer. All patients underwent scaling and root planning (SRP) along with oral hygiene instructions. Patients were then recalled after four weeks, and blood and saliva samples were collected to estimate ALP and ACP levels prior to clinical examination.ResultsThe clinical parameters exhibited a statistically significant decrease in the PI and GI in both group B and group C after SRP. A significant change in the PD and attachment levels (AL) was observed in the periodontitis group after SRP. The mean salivary & serum ALP levels exhibited a statistically significant decrease in group B & C after SRP. The mean serum ACP levels exhibited a statistically significant decrease in group B & C after SRP However, the salivary ACP levels decrease after SRP was only statistically significant in group C.ConclusionSerum and salivary ALP and ACP levels were markedly decreased in the gingivitis and periodontitis groups after SRP and were positively correlated with the clinical parameters.