金雀花碱的植物生长调节活性

应用植物激素生物试法测定了金雀花碱（cytisine)的某些植物生长调节活性,实验结果表明：金雀花碱抑制小麦芽鞘切段的伸长,但促进黑暗中（26℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶鲜重的增加;能明显促进黑暗中（25℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的生根作用和根的生长。能显著提高离体黄瓜子叶中吲哚乙酸氧化酶的活性,这些现象说明,金雀花碱具有明显的植物生长调节活性。     

苦参碱对植物生长的刺激作用

应用植物激素生物试法测定了苦参碱（matrine)的某些植物生长调节活性,实验结果表明：苦参碱明显促进了离体黄瓜子叶鲜重和干重的增加;苦参碱降低了光下（5000lx,26℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的总叶绿素含量,但促进了离体黄瓜子叶的光合作用;苦参碱还显著促进了在暗中（25℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的生根作用和根的生长,这些现象说明苦参碱具有某些明显的植物生长刺激活性。     

苦参碱对植物生长的刺激作用

应用植物激素生物试法测定了苦参碱（matrine)的某些植物生长调节活性,实验结果表明：苦参碱明显促进了离体黄瓜子叶鲜重和干重的增加;苦参碱降低了光下（5000lx,26℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的总叶绿素含量,但促进了离体黄瓜子叶的光合作用;苦参碱还显著促进了在暗中（25℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的生根作用和根的生长,这些现象说明苦参碱具有某些明显的植物生长刺激活性。     

钾对离体黄瓜子叶生根及根生长的促进作用（简报）

0.134～40.2mmol/L的KCI明显促进离体黄瓜子叶的生根、根长和根鲜重的增加。0.134～13.4mmol/L的KCl则抑制离体黄瓜子叶IAA氧化酶的活性。1.34mmol/L的高锰酸钾、酒石酸钾和邻苯二甲酸氢钾也促进离体黄瓜子叶的生根。     

热击处理对黄瓜种子萌发及离体培养子叶直接分化花芽的影响（简报）

热击处理能提高黄瓜种子的萌发率,但推迟萌发进程;热击处理促进黄瓜种子萌发中以15C处理1h的最明显,且萌发后成苗的生长整齐度也有改善;热击处理促进黄瓜子叶离体培养直接分化成花芽,以55C处理1h的最显著。     

一种新的生根测定方法

研究生长素类的生根现象和筛选生根促进物质,一直沿用幼苗茎切段的生根试法。但是这些测定方法操作比较复杂,试验误差也较大,而且经常出现不规律的结果,因此不适于生根现象的研究和众多样品的筛选工作。我们在工作中找到了一种以离体黄瓜子叶为试验材料的良好生根测定方法,国内外尚未见报道。我们曾利用这一方法研究了某些植物生长调节活性物质的生根作用,并在筛选生根促进物质中得到了较好的结果。本文报道这一新的生根测定方法。     

低营养条件下Paclobutrazol(PP333)对黄瓜去顶幼苗直接形成花芽的影响(简报)

植物开花机理是生物学中的一个基本问题,多年来人们进行过许多的研究,积累了大量的事实,然而对开花的机理仍然还不甚清楚。因而在利用原有实验系统的同时,有必要寻找更多简单,又便于分析的实验系统。Jullien等报告离体培养的大豆子叶节能直接产生花芽。我们在建立离体培养黄瓜子叶直接单独形成雄花或雌花的实验系统的过程中,发现黄瓜幼苗去除顶芽后在子叶节处也能直接形成花芽。这一现象有可能用于深入研究各营养器官和花启动间关系等问题,定将     

黄瓜子叶培养物花芽形成过程的观察

黄瓜（Ｃｕｃｕｍｉｓｓａｔｉｖｕｓ）子叶培养物在离体培养２～５ｄ时,在子叶柄上可见花原基,再过２～３ｄ,可见花原基上产生一轮二次突起,标志着花原基分化已经开始。培养基中添加ｋｉｎｅｔｉｎ（ＫＴ）,可以明显增加花原基的形成数,可以显著促进花原基的分化和花芽的形成     

1,4—二取代酰氨基硫脲类化合物(DATCDs)的植物生理效应与应用研究——Ⅴ.DATCD-A对离体黄瓜子叶扩张及核酸代谢的影响

本实验以离体黄瓜子叶为材料,研究了 DATCD—A 对子叶扩张及核酸代谢的影响。结果表明,DATCD—A 可显著地促进离体黄化子叶扩张,使其鲜重明显增加;并且在处理后期逐渐提高子叶干重。在离体子叶扩张变绿的过程中,DATCD—A 促进离体黄化子叶 RNA、DNA 含量和 DNA/RNA 比率明显上升,且 RNA 的增加发生在 DNA 合成增加之前。凝胶电泳证明,RNA 的增加主要是25s 和18s 的 rRNA。     

细胞分裂素和钾离子对离体黄瓜子叶扩张和代谢变化的比较研究

10 ppm的BA(相当于0.044mM)在暗中强烈地促进离体黄瓜子叶扩张、类胡萝卜素积累及核酸合成,相同条件下,单用KCl(75mM)则没有作用或作用很小。但在光下,KCl明显地促进子叶扩张、核酸合成和叶绿素积累,BA在光下对前两种反应比KCl强得多。看来钾离子的单独作用与光有密切关系,而BA的作用在光下仅略大于暗中。KCl与BA引起子叶扩张的形态变化及对叶绿素合成的影响也是不同的。无论是在暗中或是光下,KCl与BA合用,对离体黄瓜子叶扩张、类胡萝素或叶绿素积累及核酸合成,均有明显的增效作用。实验表明:BA和钾离子在调节黄瓜子叶扩张及代谢变化中的关系十分密切,但它们的作用方式却不相同。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.