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1.
通过避雨盆栽方式,采用二因素裂区试验设计,以菘蓝的叶绿素含量、光合参数、叶内靛蓝与靛玉红含量、根内蛋白、多糖以及(R,S)-告依春含量等为指标,研究水氮互作对菘蓝光合生理及药材质量的影响,为菘蓝的优质栽培提供理论参考。结果表明:水氮互作能显著影响菘蓝的光合生理与药材质量,其中中度淹水与高氮水平(W2N3)的叶绿素含量、正常供水中氮水平(W0N2)的净光合速率(Pn)与气孔导度(Gs)、正常供水低氮水平(W0N1)的胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)与轻度淹水中氮水平(W1N2)的蒸腾速率(Tr)为各处理中的最大值,可见中氮N2水平下菘蓝叶片的光合作用和蒸腾作用得到加强;根内的(R,S)-告依春含量在中度淹水高氮水平(W2N3)处理时、多糖含量在轻度淹水中氮水平(W1N2)处理时均最高;中度淹水不施氮(W2N0)处理时根内蛋白含量、根与叶的总氮含量、叶内靛蓝和靛玉红含量均为各处理中的最大值,说明短期的中度淹水使菘蓝体内的次生代谢被激活,使其叶内与根内的活性成分含量增加。  相似文献   

2.
缺氮和复氮对菘蓝幼苗生长及氮代谢的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对基质育苗后水培的菘蓝进行缺氮与复氮处理,分析其生长情况及氮代谢产物含量的变化,探讨缺氮和复氮对菘蓝幼苗生长及氮代谢的影响,以提高菘蓝产量和品质以及栽培过程中的氮素利用效率。结果显示:(1)正常供氮条件下,菘蓝幼苗的叶绿素含量、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性、硝态氮含量、靛玉红含量为最高,而其株高、主根直径、根的鲜重与干重、叶的鲜重与干重、根系活力均最小。(2)缺氮处理增加了菘蓝幼苗的主根直径和根干重,提高其根系活力和硝酸还原酶(NR)活性,促进游离氨基酸在叶中的积累;但降低了GS的活性,也降低了叶中硝态氮、可溶性蛋白、靛玉红及根中游离氨基酸的含量;缺氮对叶中靛蓝的含量无明显影响。(3)复氮处理增加了菘蓝幼苗的株高、主根长、根鲜重、叶鲜重、叶干重,提高了其根系活力,降低了NR和GS的活性;与对照相比,复氮降低了叶中硝态氮含量,提高了叶中可溶性蛋白、靛蓝及根中游离氨基酸的含量,但对叶中游离氨基酸和靛玉红含量影响较小。研究表明,缺氮后再复氮有利于菘蓝幼苗叶的生长,同时有利于增加其叶内靛蓝含量,从而提高其产量和品质。  相似文献   

3.
以来源于安徽亳州和山西运城的菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.)幼苗为实验材料,对100 mmol·L-1NaCl胁迫条件下喷施50.0、25.0、16.7、12.5和0.0 mg·L-15-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)后幼苗部分生长指标、叶片中靛蓝和靛玉红含量以及根中表告依春含量的变化进行了研究。结果表明:在100 mmol·L-1NaCl单一胁迫条件下,来源于安徽亳州的幼苗单株叶鲜质量和叶片中靛蓝和靛玉红含量均低于对照,单株根鲜质量、根冠比以及根中表告依春含量均高于对照;来源于山西运城的幼苗单株叶和根鲜质量、叶片中靛玉红含量和根中表告依春含量均低于对照,根冠比和叶片中靛蓝含量均高于对照。在NaCl胁迫过程中喷施ALA对菘蓝幼苗生长和有效成分的积累均有不同效应。其中,喷施25.0 mg·L-1ALA后安徽亳州产幼苗单株叶和根鲜质量均最高且显著高于NaCl单一胁迫处理组;喷施16.7 mg·L-1ALA后山西运城产幼苗单株叶和根鲜质量均较高但与NaCl单一胁迫处理组无显著差异。喷施50.0 mg·L-1ALA后安徽亳州产幼苗叶片中靛蓝含量最高(0.376 mg·g-1),喷施25.0 mg·L-1ALA后其叶片中靛玉红含量最高(9.977 mg·g-1),喷施16.7 mg·L-1ALA后其根中表告依春含量最高(0.229 mg·g-1),且均显著高于NaCl单一胁迫处理组;喷施16.7 mg·L-1ALA后山西运城产幼苗叶片中靛蓝含量最高(0.282 mg·g-1),喷施12.5 mg·L-1ALA后其叶片中靛玉红含量和根中表告依春含量均最高(分别为4.526和0.301 mg·g-1),且均显著高于NaCl单一胁迫处理组。研究结果表明:喷施适宜浓度ALA能够有效减轻NaCl胁迫对菘蓝幼苗生长的影响、提高其体内药用活性成分的含量;总体上看,产自安徽亳州的菘蓝幼苗的耐盐性较强,且不同种源适宜的ALA浓度也有一定差异。  相似文献   

4.
研究了不同浓度的5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)处理遮光环境对菘蓝(Isatisindigotica)生长和靛蓝、靛玉红含量的影响。结果表明:遮光显著降低菘蓝幼苗叶片叶绿素含量、光合气体交换参数、根长、根径、生物量以及靛蓝、靛玉红含量,而外源ALA处理可以缓解遮光对菘蓝营养生长、光合作用以及生物碱积累的抑制效应;其中,13.3~25mg·L-1的ALA对营养生长以及光合作用的促进效应最明显,而100mg·L-1的ALA对生物碱积累的促进效应最明显。作者建议,在弱光条件下,用低浓度ALA处理可以提高菘蓝生物学产量,而在生物碱积累期,用较高浓度ALA处理可以提高菘蓝的药用成分含量。  相似文献   

5.
夏播菘蓝不同居群干物质和活性成分积累特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
为研究夏播菘蓝不同栽培居群的最佳采收期,以来自于山西、安徽、甘肃、江苏和河南的5个栽培居群为材料,设置盆栽土培实验,于菘蓝生长第60天起,间隔10d采样,共采集6次样品,采用HPLC法测定其叶片、叶柄、根茎和根4个部位的靛蓝与靛玉红含量。结果表明:(1)不同栽培居群随着生长时间的延长,其叶片、叶柄、根茎及根的生物量持续增加,其中来自于山西居群的生长最佳,干物质积累量最大。(2)不同居群叶片及叶柄内靛蓝与靛玉红含量最大值出现在生长90~100d,即为叶内活性成分积累的高峰期。(3)综合分析其活性成分与干物质的积累量,各居群叶片靛蓝积累量最大值在生长90~100d,叶片、叶柄与根茎的靛玉红积累量也出现在90~100d。若以中国药典的靛玉红为质量控制指标,同时综合考察其生物量指标与活性成分积累量指标,夏季播种的来自于山西、安徽和河南的菘蓝居群最佳采收期为生长100d左右,而来自于甘肃与江苏居群的则以生长90d最佳。  相似文献   

6.
采用盆栽方法,设置5种氮素营养水平(N0、N1、N2、N3、N4,分别为0、2.5、5、10、15 mmol·L-1),以苗期菘蓝的生物量、光合参数、氮同化物含量、氮代谢酶活性、叶中靛蓝、靛玉红、总黄酮含量以及根中(R,S)-告依春含量等作为指标,研究氮营养对苗期菘蓝生长及活性成分的影响。结果表明:N0—N3处理组菘蓝的株高、主根直径及单株干重显著降低,根冠比增加。随着氮素水平降低,菘蓝叶片的叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量以及净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度均呈逐渐降低趋势,胞间二氧化碳浓度呈升高趋势。低氮营养使菘蓝叶片中可溶性蛋白、硝态氮、游离氨基酸含量降低,抑制了硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性。N0—N2处理组菘蓝叶片中的靛玉红及总黄酮含量较高,靛蓝含量在氮素水平为0~10 mmol·L-1范围内随着氮水平的降低而减小,(R,S)-告依春含量在N0处理时显著低于其余处理。综合分析认为,较低的供氮水平显著影响苗期菘蓝的生长及部分生理指标,降低叶片中的靛蓝与根中的(R,S)-告依春含量,但促进叶中靛玉红及总黄酮的积累。综合考虑苗期菘蓝的生物量与活性成分含量,将氮素水平控制在10~15 mmol·L-1范围内,可以获得产量稳定、活性成分含量较高的药材。  相似文献   

7.
以来自山西的菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.)为实验对象,采用盆栽法研究铵态氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)和酰胺态氮〔CO(NH2)2〕的不同配比对夏播菘蓝生长,叶和根中的可溶性蛋白质及总氮含量,根中多糖含量,叶中叶绿素相对含量,以及叶中靛玉红和靛蓝、根中(R,S)-告依春的含量和积累量的影响.结果表明:各施氮处理组的单株叶干质量均高于对照(不施用氮素)组,但单株根干质量或高于或低于对照组,其中,T4〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=25:75:0〕处理组的单株叶和根干质量均最大,且总体上显著高于对照组及其他施氮处理组(P<005);而施氮处理组的根冠比均显著低于对照组.各施氮处理组叶中的可溶性蛋白质含量与对照均无显著差异,但各施氮处理组根中的可溶性蛋白质含量、叶和根中的总氮含量以及叶中的叶绿素相对含量总体上显著高于对照组,而根中的多糖含量或高于或低于对照组,其中,T6〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=0:75:25〕处理组根中的多糖含量和叶中的叶绿素相对含量均最高,T3〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=50:50:0〕处理组叶和根中的可溶性蛋白质含量均较高.各施氮处理组叶中靛玉红含量总体上显著高于对照组,多数施氮处理组叶中靛蓝含量则显著低于对照组,但各施氮处理组的单株叶中靛蓝和靛玉红积累量总体上高于对照组;其中,T2〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=75:25:0〕处理组叶中靛玉红含量及其单株积累量均最高,T6处理组叶中靛蓝含量最高,而单株叶中靛蓝积累量则以T3处理组最高.各施氮处理组根中(R,S)-告依春含量总体上显著低于对照组,其中,以T1〔n(铵态氮):n(硝态氮):n(酰胺态氮)=100:0:0〕处理组根中(R,S)-告依春含量最高,T4处理组单株根中(R,S)-告依春积累量最高.综合分析结果表明:按不同配比施用不同形态氮素,夏播菘蓝的生长及活性成分含量有明显差异,因此,若以收获叶为目的,结合叶中靛玉红含量,建议施用铵态氮和硝态氮物质的量比为75:25的复合氮肥;若以收获根为目的,结合根中(R,S)-告依春含量,建议施用铵态氮和硝态氮物质的量比为25:75的复合氮肥.  相似文献   

8.
以5份不同种源的菘蓝为材料,采用田间小区试验,设置不施氮(CK)、硝态氮(NO3--N)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)、NH4+-N/NO3--N=75/25、NH4+-N/NO3--N=50/50、NH4+-N/NO3--N=25/75和酰胺态氮等7个处理,分析比较了不同种源植株的靛蓝、靛玉红和总生物碱含量、(R,S)-告依春及多糖含量等指标的差异,为菘蓝栽培生产中氮素的高效利用提供理论参考。结果表明:氮素处理有利于提高山西运城菘蓝和陕西商洛菘蓝叶内靛蓝含量,以及安徽亳州菘蓝和陕西商洛菘蓝叶内的总生物碱含量;NH4+-N/NO3--N=50/50处理对山西运城菘蓝,以及酰胺态氮处理对山西运城菘蓝和陕西商洛菘蓝叶内生物碱类成分的积累均有促进作用;与对照相比,氮素处理亦能有效地提高甘肃张掖菘蓝和陕西商洛菘蓝根内的(R,S)-告依春及安徽亳州菘蓝根内的多糖含量;安徽阜阳菘蓝(R,S)-告依春含量在任一氮处理下均远远高于其他种质菘蓝。研究表明,不同种源菘蓝对氮素处理的响应存在较大的差异,建议生产中综合考虑菘蓝的来源和需肥规律,采用经济有效的施氮组合,以提高其活性成分含量。  相似文献   

9.
目的:以高效液相色谱法对广东不同产地(广东高要、广东罗定、广东罗浮、广东鼎湖)南板蓝根药材及常用伪品(爵床科植物广西马蓝)的主要成分靛蓝、靛玉红进行含量测定,对比不同产地南板蓝根药材靛蓝、靛玉红含量的差别.方法:采用HPLC法建立南板蓝根药材中靛蓝与靛玉红的含量测定方法.色谱条件:Kromasil C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);以甲醇-水(75:25)为流动相;检测波长:290nm;流速:1.0ml/min.柱温:40℃.结果:①靛玉红、靛蓝线性范围分别为1.652~33.04μg/ml、1.284~25.68μg/ml.回收率分别为98.92%,RSD=1.52%,N=5(靛玉红);102.61%,RSD=1.28%,N=5(靛蓝);②广西马蓝中未检测出靛玉红、靛蓝.结论:该方法操作简便、准确快速、重现性好,可完善现行的南板蓝根的药材质量标准,有效控制南板蓝根药材的质量.  相似文献   

10.
以6种广义虾脊兰属植物和2种树兰亚科植物为材料,利用液相色谱 串联三重四极杆质谱仪(LCMS QQQ)测定了冻伤处理前后花和叶片中靛苷、靛红、靛蓝和靛玉红4种吲哚基衍生物的含量,分析广义虾脊兰属植物吲哚基衍生物的生成及种属间含量的差异。结果显示:(1)4种吲哚基衍生物在所测定的6种广义虾脊兰属植物中均被检出,但在2种树兰亚科植物五唇兰和足茎毛兰中均未被发现。(2)在所测定的6种广义虾脊兰属植物花和叶片中,冻伤处理后的靛蓝、靛玉红和靛红含量均显著上升,而靛苷含量显著下降,同时花中的吲哚基衍生物含量均高于叶片。(3)6种广义虾脊兰属植物花和叶中吲哚基衍生物总含量以黄兰花最高,三褶虾脊兰叶最低。研究表明,冻伤处理引起靛苷向靛蓝的大量转化是导致冻伤后广义虾脊兰属植物组织中呈现出蓝色的主要原因,推测吲哚基衍生物可能也是一类与植物防御相关的化合物,在植物抵御逆境中扮演着重要的角色。  相似文献   

11.
Indirubin and indigo, which are thought to be natural ligands for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), showed marked AhR ligand activities in a reporter gene assay using recombinant yeast. Their activities were comparable with or more potent than that of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. When indirubin and indigo were administered to mice, ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase and methoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activities in the liver were increased, but subsequently decreased within 2 days. Indirubin was more potent than indigo. Levels of cytochrome P450 1A1/2 proteins and mRNAs in the liver of mice dosed with indirubin were also enhanced. These enhancing effects of indirubin and indigo were not observed in AhR knock-out mice. Ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase and methoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activities in rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells were enhanced by the addition of indirubin or indigo, but less potently than by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Indigocarmine, a sulfate derivative of indigo, which is used as food additive, did not show these inducing effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes. Our results suggest that indirubin and indigo act as inducers for cytochrome P450 1A1/2 mediated by AhR in mammals in vivo.  相似文献   

12.
Indole is presumably a product of indole-3-glycerol phosphate catabolism in Isatis tinctoria. It is oxidized into indoxyl and stored in young leaves as indigo precursor. Further oxidation and dimerization of indoxyl produces indigoid pigments. In this work, we describe an HPLC method dedicated to the identification and quantification of indigoid pigments (indigo, indirubin, isoindigo and isoindirubin) and indigo precursors produced in I. tinctoria (Woad). This work, carried out with two cultivars of I. tinctoria, has confirmed that the quantity of indigo precursors is dependent on the species and the harvest period. In addition we have shown for the first time that young leaves of I. tinctoria, harvested in June contained a new indigo precursor in addition to isatan B (indoxyl-5-ketogluconate) and indican (indoxyl-beta-D-glucoside). We suggest the name "isatan C" for this new indigo precursor in I. tinctoria. Its chemical characteristics point to an dioxindole ester with PM of 395. We have shown that isatan C reacts with isatan B increasing the red pigment production.  相似文献   

13.
Analysis of extracts from two woad species (Isatis tinctoria and Isatis indigotica) and Polygonum tinctorium revealed that only one indigo precursor (indican) was present in Polygonum, but two precursors were found in Isatis spp. This was done using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). In Isatis spp., the indigo precursors indican and a fraction representing isatan B were identified. The proportion of indican and isatan B was different between the two Isatis spp. tested. For the first time, it was possible to quantify the precursors in woad plant species, and the results were found to be in good agreement with those made from total indigo quantification using two different spectrophotometric methods or a derivatization technique.  相似文献   

14.
不同区域松蓝根、叶(板蓝根、大青叶)有效成分含量差异   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
以靛蓝、靛玉红为指标性成分,采用HPLC法对不同生长环境(产地)的板蓝根和大青叶中有效成分进行测定.结果表明,不同产地的板蓝根、大青叶中有效成分含量存在显著差异.板蓝根的有效成分总含量以陕西汉阴为最高(16.27 mg·kg-1),其次为宁夏隆德(15.67 mg·kg-1)、安徽亳州(14.90 mg·kg-1)和安徽临泉(14.23 mg·kg-1),黑龙江佳木斯最低(13.97 mg·kg-1 );大青叶中有效成分总含量以陕西汉阴为最高(698.32 mg·kg-1),其次为宁夏隆德(683.68 mg·kg-1)、安徽亳州(680.11 mg·kg-1)和安徽临泉(654.19 mg·kg-1),黑龙江佳木斯最低(642.73 mg·kg-1);各产地大青叶HPLC图谱有所差异,不仅表现在指标性成分的峰面积所占比例不同,其成分的种类也存在较大差异.结合产品外观质量和内在品质等因素可以认为,菘蓝地道产区仍需进一步调查分析和确定.  相似文献   

15.
Indigo and indirubin have been reported to be present at low levels in human urine. The possibility that indigoids are physiological ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been suggested by initial studies in yeast, where indirubin was found to be 50 times more potent than 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo[p]dioxin (TCDD), and indigo was found to be equipotent. To demonstrate that these indigoids are bona fide agonists in mammalian systems, we employed a number of in vitro and in vivo measures of AhR agonist potency. In a hepatoma cell reporter system, indigo yielded an EC50 of approximately 5x10(-6)M (indirubin 3' -oxime EC50 approximately 5x10(-7)M, indirubin EC50 approximately 1x10(-7)M). A comparison of these EC50 values with that of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDBF) ( approximately 3x10(-9)M) indicated that these compounds are less potent than classic halogenated-dibenzofurans or -dibenzo-p-dioxins. Competitive binding assays for AhR occupancy showed similar IC50 values for indirubin and TCDBF ( approximately 2x10(-9) and 5x10(-9)M), with the IC50 values of indigo and indirubin 3' -oxime being approximately 10-fold higher. When rats were treated with these indigoids in the range of 1.5-50mg/kg, induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A1 was detected. Differences in the rank-order of potency observed in vivo and in vitro could, in part, be explained by metabolism. Although their biological potencies are not as high as has been previously suggested, collectively the results show that these indole-derived pigments are agonists of AhR in vivo. The in vivo results suggest that solubility, distribution, and metabolism influence the response to the compounds.  相似文献   

16.
17.
In woad (Isatis tinctoria), field observations indicated, that after periods of dry sunny weather, indigo yields increased significantly, suggesting that light intensity and quality affected indigo precursor production. Therefore, woad was grown under different light intensities and in the presence or absence of supplementary UV light. In general, plants supplied with more light produced more indigo than those given lesser light. When plants under greater light regimes were transferred to lesser light conditions, then indigo production declined. The opposite was also true, indicating that greater indigo production can be obtained from plants harvested after periods of increased sunlight.  相似文献   

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