悬浮培养法生产血型单抗的影响因素研究

目的：建立单克隆抗体血型定型试剂悬浮生产法最佳生产方案。方法：通过研究影响细胞生长及抗体产量的主要因素,找出合理的生产方法。结果：理论上用该方法每月可生产抗体１００万ｍｌ,比原贴壁培养法的产量提高数十倍。结论：建立一种简便、实用的血型定型试剂工业化大生产方法。     

抗A、抗B血型单克隆抗体试剂稳定剂的筛选研究

临床上使用的抗A、抗B血型定型试剂根据其原材料来源,可分为多克隆抗体(免疫马血清)和单克隆抗体两大类,与多克隆抗体血型试剂相比,单抗血型试剂具有生产成本低、亲合力高等优点,但单抗血型试剂的稳定性欠佳。通过向单抗血型试剂中加入不同配比的稳定剂,观察其对抗A、抗B血型单抗     

国产人ABO血型定型试剂稳定性观察

为了解国内人ＡＢＯ血型定型试剂的稳定性,随机对４个厂家生产的共２０批次的血型试剂置２－８℃条件下,定期进行稳定性观察,结果显示,所有试剂在其效期内,凝集效价均下降１－２个滴度,其中有二个批次的试剂在临近失效期时,效价已低于１：１２８,其余全部合格,合格率为９０％,说明目前国产人ＡＢＯ血型定型试剂的稳定性是良好的,同时提示该剂的稳定性还需进一步提高。     

单克隆抗体血型定型试剂转瓶培养生产工艺

研制成功单克隆抗体ABO血型定型试剂转瓶培养生产工艺,生产周期从静置培养生产的5～6天缩短到2～3天。产品所有质量指标均达到或超过国家标准,特别是抗体效价明显提高。实验及生产结果显示,该法简单易行,经济快速．投入低,产出高,生产时间短,产品质量高。     

血型单克隆抗体试剂规模化生产工艺的建立

为了满足规模化生产的需要 ,对血型杂交瘤细胞的接种量、培养时间、培养条件等重要步骤进行了优化比较。结果表明 ,最佳血型细胞的接种量为 2 4× 10 8个 ,过长上清的凝集效价达到 1∶12 8,重复性好。建立了切实可行的血型试剂大规模生产工艺 ,成品试剂的质量稳定可靠     

ABO血型实验结果矛盾解析

通过观察近千例学生操作步骤、亲自操作以及查阅文献,解析学生实验“ABO血型测定”结果不一致的原因。发现ABO血型测定结果矛盾的原因是：正向定型玻片法灵敏度低;学生操作技术不规范或者抗原、抗体反应条件不当;低质量的血清试剂：献血车上测定结果可能错误以及其他小概率事件等。因此在教学实验过程中要求：规范学生操作．培养基本技能;尽量选用质量稳定、可靠的试剂,培养科学的态度;要重视学生实验中发现的意外结果,培养学生的创新思维。     

血型检测用反向定型试剂的研制

将正常的红细胞在特定条件下用甲醛处理,使红细胞膜固定但不影响膜表面糖蛋白血型抗原的活性。采用与正向定型相同的平板凝集试验方法,４０６０份血样正向和反向定型结果完全一致。经稳定性观察９０天,处理后的红细胞与相应抗体的凝集性能未见明显改变。实验结果表明本文介绍的红细胞试剂可用于ＡＢＯ血型鉴定的反向定型试验。     

血型单克隆抗体试剂稳定剂的研究

为了进一步提高抗A、抗B血型单克隆抗体试剂的稳定性,实验中分别以不同配比的甘油、蔗糖、明胶和EDTA为稳定剂主要成分加入血型单抗试剂,放置在不同条件下观察试剂的稳定性。结果表明,所筛选出的一种稳定剂对血型单抗试剂具有良好的保护作用,试剂在2~8℃条件下放置12个月,凝集效价保持不变,并且该稳定剂对血型单抗的特异性、亲和力、凝集效价和凝集强度均无影响。     

人ABO血型定型试剂(单克隆抗体)临床试验

通过与１１家单位协作,对中国药品生物制品检定所分发的ＡＢＯ血型单克隆抗体定型试剂进行临床考核,检测１～１２个月婴儿、５９岁以上老人、１～５９岁成人、健康献血员、癌症患者及其它疾病患者共计７０９６８例,单抗试剂检测结果与反定型结果完全相符,特别是对红细胞表面抗原位点少、亚型抗原性弱的新生儿和红细胞表面抗原成份可能发生变化的癌症患者,均呈现较好的凝集模式。     

中国科学家破解“血型检测技术”百年难题

“人ABO血型纳米磁珠检测技术与试剂开发”课题采用现代纳米磁珠技术与免疫学完美结合,将红细胞膜包被于免疫磁珠表面,应用于临床常规检测,如反定型、抗体检测、稀有抗原保存等,特别是“细胞膜抗原免疫磁珠”使红细胞膜抗原成为永生,可以长期保存,解决了红细胞不能长期保存的国际性难题,并将结束我国血型检测长期以来只能测定一半血型的局面。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.