抗氧化类维生素血清水平与帕金森病程的相关性

目的:检测帕金森病患者抗氧化类维生素水平,并探讨其与帕金森病程的关系。方法:对2011年6月至2015年6月的62例自发性帕金森病患者及30例健康对照组志愿者血清类胡萝卜素、生育酚、视黄醇水平进行检测,并根据病程不同,将患者分为早期帕金森病与晚期帕金森病,与健康对照组进行比较。同时分析相关抗氧化性维生素和UPDRS运动评分的相关性。结果:血清α-胡萝卜素水平(对照组:0.22±0.09μmol/L;早期PD组:0.13±0.09μmol/L;晚期PD组:0.09±0.04μmol/L)和β-胡萝卜素水平(对照组:2.44±0.54μmol/L;早期PD组:1.66±0.58μmol/L;晚期PD组:0.80±0.41μmol/L)在健康对照组、早期PD组、晚期PD组中逐步下降,且均有显著性差异(P0.001)。并且所有PD患者血清α-胡萝卜素(r=-0.362;P=0.004)和β-胡萝卜素(r=-0.45;P0.001)水平与UPDRS运动评分呈负相关。结论:PD患者血清α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素水平均明显下降,并且与病情严重程度相关,低水平血清类胡萝卜素可能与PD的发生和发展过程相关。     

幽门螺杆菌根除治疗对帕金森病患者运动症状的影响

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)根除治疗对帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状的影响及其安全性,为临床治疗提供参考。方法:选取2013年1月-2015年10月医院收治的PD患者120例,根据尿素呼吸试验(UBT)检测结果,将PD患者分为HP组(n=32)和非HP组(n=88),两组均进行抗PD的常规治疗,HP组在此基础上采用HP根除治疗(奥美拉唑+克拉霉素+阿莫西林),采用帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)评估两组患者治疗前后的运动症状,并对治疗过程中的不良反应进行统计分析。结果:120例PD患者中,HP感染32例占26.67%,经HP根除治疗后,HP检测阴性者26人,成功根除率81.25%。组间比较,治疗前两组UPDRS Ⅳ评分有统计学差异(P0.05),而UPDRS Ⅲ评分、Hoehn-Yahr分级、"开"期和"关"期时间无统计学差异(P0.05);治疗后两组"开"期和"关"期时间存在统计学差异(P0.05),而UPDRS Ⅲ评分、UPDRS Ⅳ评分、Hoehn-Yahr分级无统计学差异(P0.05)。组内比较,治疗后,HP组UPDRS Ⅲ评分和UPDRS Ⅳ评分均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且"开"期时间明显延长,"关"期时间明显缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),而非HP组治疗前后上述各项指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。HP根除组不良反应发生率与非HP组相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:HP感染与PD的发生有关,HP根除治疗能显著改善PD患者的运动症状,安全有效,值得临床推广使用。     

脐带间充质干细胞移植对帕金森病的临床疗效观察

目的探讨脐带间充质干细胞(UC-MSC)移植治疗帕金森病(PD)的临床效果及安全性。方法选择福州总医院干细胞治疗科收治的20例经鞘内注射UC-MSC治疗原发性PD患者为实验组,本院神经内科收治的20例经口服左旋多巴治疗原发性PD患者为对照组。采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)对患者治疗前及治疗后1个月、3个月、6个月进行量化评分。采用两独立样本t检验进行统计分析比较实验组与对照组差异。结果实验组20例患者临床症状缓解程度较对照组明显,实验组与对照组治疗前UPDRS评分与治疗后1个月、3个月、6个月的UPDRS评分的差值分别为[(11.45±2.01)分,(6.25±1.07)分,t=26.12,P=0.00],[(16.1±2.65)分,(7.6±1.47)分,t=23.19,P=0.00],[(20.45±3.28)分,(8.45±1.85)分,t=20.44,P=0.00],差异均有统计学意义。结论鞘内注射UC-MSC治疗PD的临床疗效优于单纯口服左旋多巴片治疗PD。     

左旋多巴/ 卡比多巴联合恩他卡朋治疗帕金森病的临床研究

目的:观察左旋多巴/卡比多巴联合恩他卡朋(levodopa/carbidopa combined with entacapone,LC+E)治疗帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)的临床效果。方法:选择我院2013年1月~2014年6月收治的112例PD患者,随机分为两组。其中对照组52例采用左旋多巴/卡比多巴(LC)治疗,观察组60例采用左旋多巴/卡比多巴联合恩他卡朋(LC+E)治疗。观察并比较两组治疗前后帕金森病评分量表(Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale,UPDRS)的评分变化情况。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗后两组UPDRS-II日常生活能力评分,UPDRS-III运动能力评分显著下降,而UPDRS-VI SCHWABENGLAND日常活动能力评分显著上升,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组各项变化情况比对照组明显,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组UPDRS-I精神、行为、情绪和Hoehn与Yahr分级均无显著改善,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:左旋多巴/卡比多巴联合恩他卡朋可明显缓解PD症状,疗效优于左旋多巴/卡比多巴治疗,且安全性高,值得临床推广。     

多巴丝肼联合普拉克索治疗帕金森病的临床疗效

目的:探讨多巴丝肼联合普拉克索治疗帕金森病的临床疗效。方法:以入院病历号为编号,根据随机数字表,将106名帕金森病患者随机分成分两组,每组53例。治疗过程中,给予多巴丝肼片治疗的患者记为对照组(53例);给予多巴丝肼联合普拉克索治疗的患者记为观察组(53例)。连续治疗12周,观察两组患者总疗效、UPDRS评分、HAMD评分及不良反应,探讨其临床治疗价值。结果:1观察组总有效率明显高于对照组总有效率,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2与治疗前相比,治疗后两组UPDRS各项评分均明显改善(P0.05),且观察组UPDRS各项评分明显优于对照组(P0.05)。3与治疗前相比,治疗后两组HAMD评分均明显改善(P0.05),且观察组HAMD评分明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:多巴丝肼联合普拉克索治疗帕金森病疗效确切,安全可靠,值得临床推广应用。     

血清胱抑素C对帕金森病的临床诊断价值

目的:探讨血清胱抑素C(CysC)对帕金森病(PD)的临床诊断意义,为帕金森病的早期诊断和预防治疗提供可参考的血清学指标。方法:采用日立7170全自动生化分析仪检测53例帕金森病患者的血清CysC,以33例健康人作为对照,采用SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果:PD组CysC平均水平为(1.18±0.37)mg/mL,健康对照组为(0.79±0.15)mg/mL,组间均数有显著性差异(t=6.663,P=0.000<0.05)。诊断PD的ROC曲线下的面积为0.860,面积下95%可信区间为(0.782±0.938)。在ROC曲线上确定诊断界点,当界点为0.938时,灵敏度为0.755,特异度为0.888;当界点为1.030时,灵敏度为0.528,特异度为0.970。当CysC水平>0.938 mg/mL时,PD组阳性率为75.47%;当CysC水平>1.03 mg/mL时,PD组阳性率为52.83%。结论:血清CysC对PD的诊断有一定的意义,CysC水平越高,确诊为PD的可能性越大;CysC水平>0.938 mg/mL时,能很好地区别于健康对照组。     

补益肝肾汤联合美多巴治疗帕金森患者的临床效果及对认知功能的影响

目的:探讨补益肝肾汤联合美多巴治疗帕金森(PD)患者的临床效果及对认知功能的改善作用。方法:选择2012年3月至2016年3月80例我院收治的PD伴轻度认知功能障碍患者并将其随机分作2组,对照组40例仅予美多巴片单药治疗,研究组40例在对照组的基础上另加服补益肝肾汤。治疗前后分别采用帕金森病综合评分量表(UPDRS)和简易精神量表(MMSE)对患者进行评估,评价和比较两组的疗效和不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,研究组UPDRS总分明显低于对照组(P0.05);MMSE评分明显高于对照组(P0.05);总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05);不良反应发生率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:补益肝肾汤联合美多巴治疗PD患者的临床效果优于美多巴片单药治疗,并可显著改善患者的认知功能障碍,且安全性高。     

普拉克索治疗帕金森病合并抑郁的系统评价

目的:评价普拉克索治疗帕金森病合并抑郁的疗效和安全性。方法:通过电子检索和手工检索,运用Cochrance协作网系统评价的方法对纳入所有应用普拉克索治疗帕金森病合并抑郁的随机对照试验(RCT)进行系统评价。结果:共检出5个RCT,其中3个(454例)符合纳入标准,三项研究随访时间为3-57个月。Meta分析结果显示:1)抑郁改善情况:3项研究随访结束后,应用量表进行评分,普拉克索治疗组抑郁症状改善率明显对照组,两组差异有统计学意义[RR=0.63,95%CI(0.48,0.83),P<0.001];2)UPDRS评分变化:2项研究在治疗末应用UPDRS进行评分,UPDRSⅢ和Ⅱ相对于基线评分,普拉克索组均较对照组明显下降,两组之间差别有统计学意义;3)不良反应:与普拉克索组相比,对照组中因药物不良反应而终止试验研究的病例增多,两组相比有统计学差异[RR=0.48,95%CI(0.34,0.69),p<0.0001]。结论:现有的临床研究证据表明,与对照组相比,普拉克索能够改善帕金森病伴发抑郁病人的抑郁症状,并减轻帕金森病的运动症状,提高病人日常生活活动能力,且安全性较高。但因研究样本局限性,尚需进行大样本长期...     

微创治疗术式于脊柱创伤后的疼痛及并发症的临床应用

目的:探讨微创治疗术式对脊柱创伤患者治疗后疼痛程度及并发症的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015年3月至2016年3月72例脊柱创伤患者,随机数字法将其分为观察组和对照组各36例,其中对照组给予传统术式治疗,观察组给予微创术式治疗,比较两组治疗后患者疼痛缓解程度及并发症发生率情况。结果:1观察组手术时间、出血量、住院和下地活动时间分别为(121.36±7.85)min、(123.74±31.75)m L、(8.32±2.14)d、(37.85±9.28)h均明显优于对照组的(175.96±12.47)min、(299.77±36.01)m L、(15.41±4.58)d、(57.03±13.58)h,比较差异有显著性(t值=7.931、11.372、8.192、9.341,P0.05)。2观察组疼痛程度评分中VAS评分和NRSD评分分别为(1.86±0.53)和(2.01±0.59)均显著低于对照组的(5.52±1.34)和(5.59±1.35),比较有显著性差异(t值=12.913、11.235,P0.05)。3观察组术后并发症发生率为8.33%,显著低于对照组的27.78%,比较有显著性差异(Z值=9.637,P0.05)。结论:对于脊柱发生创伤的患者而言,在临床中应用微创术式进行干预治疗,不仅临床效果令人满意,而且还可较为有效的改善患者疼痛症状,减少并发症的发生,应用较为安全,值得推广使用。     

吸氧对椎管内麻醉下剖宫产术后疼痛的影响

目的:评价麻醉前和术中持续吸氧对椎管内麻醉下剖宫产术后疼痛的效果。方法:选择ASAI-II级择期行剖宫产手术的初产妇100例,将其随机分为面罩吸氧组和空气吸入组(对照组)。吸氧组于术前30 min及术中通过面罩全程给氧,吸入氧浓度为60%,空气组则不给予特殊处理。检测和比较两组产妇不同时点的心率、血压及SpO2的变化,手术时间,视觉模拟评分(VAS),新生儿Apgar评分,胎儿氧饱和度,新生儿脐动静脉血气,产妇血气以及术后24 h内恶心呕吐的发生率。结果:两组产妇各时间点心率、血压、SpO2、手术时间及新生儿Apgar评分、胎儿氧饱和度比较均无显著性差异(P0.05)。吸氧组术后6 h、12 h、24 h的VAS评分分别为(4.07±0.10)、(2.13±0.12)和(0.42±0.08),均明显低于对照组的(6.10±0.11)、(4.02±0.13)及(1.10±0.22)(P0.05)。吸氧组新生儿脐动静脉血气、产妇血气氧分压均显著高于对照组(P0.05),术后24h内恶心呕吐的发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:麻醉前和术中持续吸氧能显著减轻椎管内麻醉下剖宫产术后疼痛,同时有效降低术后恶心呕吐的发生率。     

绝经后女性血清25(OH)D水平与高血压的相关性分析

目的:探讨绝经后女性血清25羟维生素D[25(OH)D]与高血压的相关性。方法:选取456例绝经后女性为研究对象,按照是否存在高血压分为高血压组(n=102例)和非高血压组(n=354例),测定所有患者的血清25(OH)D水平;血清25(OH)D水平分为四组:即25(OH)D≥30 ng/m L组(n=50例)、21~29 ng/m L组(n=110例)、10~20 ng/m L组(n=240例)、25(OH)D10 ng/m L组(n=56例);比较各组相关指标的差异。并利用Logistic回归方程分析血清25(OH)D与高血压发生的关系。结果:高血压组与非高血压组在体质指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(SDP)、雌激素、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)方面存在统计学差异(P0.05);高血压组血清25(OH)D[14.56±3.21(ng/ml)]低于非高血压组[19.89±4.75(ng/ml)](t=10.649,P0.001);在血清25(OH)D10 ng/m L组中,SBP和SDP值、高血压发生率均高于25(OH)D≥30 ng/m L组、21~29ng/m L组(n=110例)、10~20 ng/m L组(P0.05);血清25(OH)D水平与绝经后女性发生高血压呈现负相关(P0.05)。在血清25(OH)D不同分组中,从25(OH)D≥30 ng/m L组到25(OH)D10 ng/m L组发生高血压的风险值依次增加。结论:血清25(OH)D水平与绝经后高血压的发生密切相关,随着血清25(OH)D水平的逐渐降低,高血压发生的风险亦逐渐增大。     

应用米索前列醇治疗妊高症产后出血的疗效观察

目的:探讨应用米索前列醇对妊高症产后出血的治疗效果。方法:选取我院诊治的200例妊高症产后出血孕妇,将患者分为观察组与对照组,每组100例患者,胎儿娩出后对照组肌注催产素,观察组直肠给予米索丽列醇,按摩子宫,比较治疗后两组患者的平均出血量以及血压状况。结果:治疗前对照组和观察组平均出血量分别为(623.2±45.8)m L、(630.0±46.3)m L(P1=0.176)。治疗后,两组平均出血量分别为(486.1±24.3)m L、(313.3±23.1)m L。与治疗前相比,治疗后两组产妇的出血量均有不同减少,观察组患者少于对照组患者(P2=0.026)。对照组中重度妊高症患者的收缩压及舒张压分别为(170.1±6.7)mm Hg、(113.2±2.1)mm Hg,中度(153.6±5.1)mm Hg、(104.5±5.3)mm Hg,轻度(138.9±4.2)mm Hg、(93.2±2.0)mm Hg。观察组重度妊高症患者中以上指标分别为(169.2±6.5)mm Hg、(114.4±2.5)mm Hg,中度患者(156.2±4.8)mm Hg、(105.9±4.9)mm Hg,轻度患者(140.2±4.4)mm Hg、(90.2±4.4)mm Hg,相应病情下两组患者血压方面均无统计学差异(P3=0.87,P4=0.88,P5=0.75,P6=0.83,P7=0.64,P8=0.92)。对照组和观察组患者中不良反应发生率分别为1.0%(1/100)、2.0%(2/100),差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:米索前列醇直肠用药治疗妊高症产后出血,疗效显著、给药方便、安全性较高,值得进一步推广。     

Lower vascular tone and larger plasma volume in Parkinson's disease with orthostatic hypotension

The pathophysiology of orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson's disease (PD) is incompletely understood. The primary focus has thus far been on failure of the baroreflex, a central mediated vasoconstrictor mechanism. Here, we test the role of two other possible factors: 1) a reduced peripheral vasoconstriction (which may contribute because PD includes a generalized sympathetic denervation); and 2) an inadequate plasma volume (which may explain why plasma volume expansion can manage orthostatic hypotension in PD). We included 11 PD patients with orthostatic hypotension (PD + OH), 14 PD patients without orthostatic hypotension (PD - OH), and 15 age-matched healthy controls. Leg blood flow was examined using duplex ultrasound during 60° head-up tilt. Leg vascular resistance was calculated as the arterial-venous pressure gradient divided by blood flow. In a subset of 9 PD + OH, 9 PD - OH, and 8 controls, plasma volume was determined by indicator dilution method with radiolabeled albumin ((125)I-HSA). The basal leg vascular resistance was significantly lower in PD + OH (0.7 ± 0.3 mmHg·ml(-1)·min) compared with PD - OH (1.3 ± 0.6 mmHg·ml(-1)·min, P < 0.01) and controls (1.3 ± 0.5 mmHg·ml(-1)·min, P < 0.01). Leg vascular resistance increased significantly during 60° head-up tilt with no significant difference between the groups. Plasma volume was significantly larger in PD + OH (3,869 ± 265 ml) compared with PD - OH (3,123 ± 377 ml, P < 0.01) and controls (3,204 ± 537 ml, P < 0.01). These results indicate that PD + OH have a lower basal leg vascular resistance in combination with a larger plasma volume compared with PD - OH and controls. Despite the increase in leg vascular resistance during 60° head-up tilt, PD + OH are unable to maintain their blood pressure.     

氨氯地平、比索洛尔对高血压合并心绞痛患者CAP及IMT 的影响

目的:比较氨氯地平、比索洛尔对高血压合并心绞痛患者中心动脉压(central artery pressure,CAP)及颈动脉内中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)的影响。方法:选择我院2013年8月-2014年9月收治的高血压合并心绞痛患者76例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各38例。观察组给予氨氯地平5 mg/d,对照组给予比索洛尔2.5 mg/d,疗程均为1年。测定并对比两组治疗前后血压、CAP、IMT变化情况以及心绞痛的治疗效果。结果:观察组治疗后CAP收缩压、舒张压、IMT分别为(130.36±5.09)mm Hg、(73.38±5.76)mm Hg、(0.89±0.08)mm,均明显低于对照组的(144.82±6.54)mm Hg、(84.89±6.14)mm Hg、(1.01±0.12)mm,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组治疗总有效率为89.47%,高于对照组的76.32%,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:氨氯地平与比索洛尔治疗高血压合并心绞痛的临床疗效相当,但氨氯地平在降低高血压合并心绞痛患者CAP、IMT方面的效果优于比索洛尔。     

Challenging Postural Tasks Increase Asymmetry in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

The unilateral predominance of Parkinson’s disease (PD) symptoms suggests that balance control could be asymmetrical during static tasks. Although studies have shown that balance control asymmetries exist in patients with PD, these analyses were performed using only simple bipedal standing tasks. Challenging postural tasks, such as unipedal or tandem standing, could exacerbate balance control asymmetries. To address this, we studied the impact of challenging standing tasks on postural control asymmetry in patients with PD. Twenty patients with PD and twenty neurologically healthy individuals (control group) participated in this study. Participants performed three 30s trials for each postural task: bipedal, tandem adapted and unipedal standing. The center of pressure parameter was calculated for both limbs in each of these conditions, and the asymmetry between limbs was assessed using the symmetric index. A significant effect of condition was observed, with unipedal standing and tandem standing showing greater asymmetry than bipedal standing for the mediolateral root mean square (RMS) and area of sway parameters, respectively. In addition, a group*condition interaction indicated that, only for patients with PD, the unipedal condition showed greater asymmetry in the mediolateral RMS and area of sway than the bipedal condition and the tandem condition showed greater asymmetry in the area of sway than the bipedal condition. Patients with PD exhibited greater asymmetry while performing tasks requiring postural control when compared to neurologically healthy individuals, especially for challenging tasks such as tandem and unipedal standing.     

Heart rate variability as a marker of cardiovascular dysautonomia in post-COVID-19 syndrome using artificial intelligence

IntroductionCardiovascular dysautonomia comprising postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and orthostatic hypotension (OH) is one of the presentations in COVID-19 recovered subjects. We aim to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular dysautonomia in post COVID-19 patients and to evaluate an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model to identify time domain heart rate variability (HRV) measures most suitable for short term ECG in these subjects.MethodsThis observational study enrolled 92 recently COVID-19 recovered subjects who underwent measurement of heart rate and blood pressure response to standing up from supine position and a 12-lead ECG recording for 60 s period during supine paced breathing. Using feature extraction, ECG features including those of HRV (RMSSD and SDNN) were obtained. An AI model was constructed with ShAP AI interpretability to determine time domain HRV features representing post COVID-19 recovered state. In addition, 120 healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls.ResultsCardiovascular dysautonomia was present in 15.21% (OH:13.04%; POTS:2.17%). Patients with OH had significantly lower HRV and higher inflammatory markers. HRV (RMSSD) was significantly lower in post COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls (13.9 ± 11.8 ms vs 19.9 ± 19.5 ms; P = 0.01) with inverse correlation between HRV and inflammatory markers. Multiple perceptron was best performing AI model with HRV(RMSSD) being the top time domain HRV feature distinguishing between COVID-19 recovered patients and healthy controls.ConclusionPresent study showed that cardiovascular dysautonomia is common in COVID-19 recovered subjects with a significantly lower HRV compared to healthy controls. The AI model was able to distinguish between COVID-19 recovered patients and healthy controls.     

苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平在治疗老年轻中度高血压中的作用

目的:观察探讨苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平治疗老年轻中度高血压患者的临床疗效和安全性。方法:160例老年轻中度高血压患者随机分为研究组与对照组,研究组给予苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平;对照组给予苯磺酸氨氯地平,治疗过程中进行24h血压监测,总治疗8周为一疗程。结果:研究组4周末和8周末的总有效率分别为78.75%和96.25%,显著高于对照组的53.75%和86.25%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前后两组的舒张压和收缩压均有明显降低,其中研究组收缩压平均下降(29.0±3.2)mmHg,舒张压平均下降(15.3±2.3)mmHg,对照组则分别下降(18.5±2.8)mmHg和(9.0±2.5)mmHg,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗8周末的24h、白昼和夜间的收缩压和舒张压均有明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但治疗组下降更明显,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组的脉压均有明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但研究组下降更明显。结论:苯磺酸左旋氨氯地平治疗老年轻中度高血压临床疗效好,不良反应少,且对心脏具有保护功能。     

Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure in Congestive Heart Failure and Effects of ACE Inhibitors

In 33 patients with heart failure (NYHA 11-III), the 24-h blood pressure rhythm was examined before and after the titration period of two ACE inhibitors. Blood pressure was measured by the oscillometric method using the blood pressure monitor 90202 from SpaceLabs, Inc. The measurements were taken from 06:OO to 22:OO h every 20 min and from 22:00 to 06:00 h every hour. Patients were randomized to therapy with either captopril (group 1, n = 17) or enalapril (group 2, n = 16). The average daily dosage of captopril was 41 ± 3 mg given in three divided doses (08:00, 12:00, and 17:00 h). The mean dose of enalapril was 8 ± 1 mg once daily (08:00 h). Serum electrolytes, serum creatinine, and plasma renin activity were measured before and during therapy with both ACE inhibitors. Twenty-four-hour blood pressure measurements were taken before and on the fifth day of treatment with ACE inhibitors. Both groups were not different with respect to the degree of heart failure, the concomitant medication, and the 24-h profiles of blood pressure and heart rate before initiation of ACE inhibition. The 24-h blood pressure values on day 5 were consistently below the pretreatment values (p < 0.005) in both groups. Both groups did not differ significantly during ACE inhibition in their 24-h blood pressure and heart rate profiles. In both groups, the mesor of the systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly by the same degree (by 4.7/5.1 mmg Hg in group 1 and 6.4/4.1 mm Hg in group 2). The systolic/diastolic blood pressure amplitude decreased slightly in both groups. Before treatment, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine were within the normal range. The increase in potassium (0.5 ± 0.1 mmol/L) reached statistical significance (p < 0.01) only in the captopril group, whereas it was not significant in the enalapril group (0.1 ± 0.1 mmol/L). Serum creatinine was not significantly altered by both ACE inhibitors. No relationship could be found between the changes in serum potassium or creatinine and the mean of the 24-h blood pressure values during ACE inhibition. Captopril and enalapril showed comparable blood pressure profiles and similar effects on renal function at the end of the titration on day 5. It can therefore be concluded that the effects on blood pressure rhythm and renal function are similar with a single daily dose of enalapril compared to captopril given three times daily.     

帕金森病患者营养不良的影响因素分析及与衰弱、认知功能和跌倒风险的关系研究

摘要 目的：分析帕金森病（PD）患者营养不良的影响因素,并观察营养不良对衰弱、认知功能和跌倒风险的影响。方法：选取江苏省人民医院2019年3月至2022年3月期间收治的100例PD患者。采用简易营养评价量表（MNA）对研究对象进行营养状态评估,将100例患者分为营养不良组（n=52）和无营养不良组（n=48）。获取所有患者的一般资料,经Logistic回归分析PD患者营养不良的影响因素。同时对比无营养不良组、营养不良组的衰弱、认知功能和跌倒风险情况。结果：PD患者营养不良与年龄、体质量指数、Hoehn-Yahr分级、居住地、婚姻状况、血红蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白、每日左旋多巴等效剂量（LEDDs）、睡眠状况、焦虑状况、抑郁状况、味觉障碍、吞咽障碍、食欲下降有关（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析,结果显示：年龄偏大、Hoehn-Yahr分级为III~V级、睡眠状况偏差、焦虑/抑郁状况严重、味觉障碍、吞咽障碍、食欲下降、LEDDs偏高是PD患者出现营养不良的危险因素（P<0.05）。营养不良组的衰弱发生率高于无营养不良组,衰弱前期、无衰弱发生率低于无营养不良组（P<0.05）。营养不良组的简易精神状态检查量表（MMSE）、蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MOCA）评分低于无营养不良组（P<0.05）。营养不良组的起立-行走计时测验（TUGT）时间、站起测验（CRT）时间长于无营养不良组,走直线步态测验（TGT）正确步数少于无营养不良组（P<0.05）。结论：PD患者营养不良发生风险较高,且受到年龄、睡眠状况、焦虑状况、抑郁状况、Hoehn-Yahr分级、味觉障碍、吞咽障碍、食欲下降、LEDDs的影响,且营养不良可加重衰弱、降低认知功能和增加跌倒风险。     

还原型谷胱甘肽治疗儿童葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症中的临床效果研究

目的:研究还原型谷胱甘肽治疗儿童葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-P-D)缺乏症并发急性溶血的临床疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。方法:选取我院2015年6月-2017年6月因葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-P-D)缺乏症并发急性溶血的患儿78例并将其随机分为两组,每组39例。对照组予以停用氧化类药物,卧床休息,水化、碱化尿液,贫血严重者输注去白红细胞治疗;观察组在对照组基础上加用还原型谷胱甘肽治疗。观察和比较两组患儿第1天、第2天、第3天小便恢复率以及平均恢复时间,血清总胆红素第3天、第5天恢复率、平均恢复时间及平均住院时间。结果:治疗后,观察组第1天、第2天、第3天小便恢复率分别为51.3%、92.3%、100%,对照组分别为25.6%、64.1%、89.7%,观察组第1天、第2天、第3天小便恢复率均显著高于对照组(P0.05);观察组及对照组小便恢复正常平均时间分别为1.8±0.7天、2.6±0.9天,观察组明显短于对照组(P0.05);观察组第3天、第5天血清总胆红素恢复率分别为71.8%、100%,对照组为46.2%、97.4%;观察组和对照组血清总胆红素恢复正常平均时间分别为3.6±0.9天、4.1±1.0天;平均住院时间分别为2.3±0.6天、2.8±0.6天;观察组小便及血清总胆红素平均恢复时间(P0.05)、平均住院时间均显著短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:在儿童葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏并发急性溶血中应用还原型谷胱甘肽可增强其治疗疗效,缩短治疗疗程。