血栓抽吸联合PCI术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死

目的:探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中应用GOODMAN血栓抽吸装置联合术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗对心肌组织灌注及临床预后的影响.方法:选择梗死相关血管心肌梗死溶栓试验血流0级的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者80例,随机分为血栓抽吸联PCI术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗组(试验组)40例和标准PCI治疗组(对照组)40例.比较两组患者术后心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI)血流分级、TIMI心肌灌注分级(TMPG)、心电图ST段回落百分比、左心室射血分数(LVEF)及住院期间主要心血管不良事件(MACE).结果:试验组TIMI血流分级、TMPG、ST段回落百分比、LVEF均明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).两组患者住院期间MACE发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)中应用血栓抽吸联合术前阿托伐他汀强化治疗安全可行,可有效清除冠状动脉内血栓,改善心肌组织灌注及术后心脏功能,并且不增加主要心血管事件的发生率.     

远端保护装置治疗老年急性ST 段抬高型心肌梗死心肌标志物 变化的研究

目的:探讨应用远端保护装置GuardWire PlusTM治疗老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)对外周血肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)的影响。方法:将2004年9月至2009年12月在我院行急诊PCI的60例年龄>60岁老年STEMI患者分为远端保护组(GW)和非远端保护组(NGW)。于术前、术后4h、8h、12h、16h、24h、2d、3d、5d分别测定外周血cTnI、CK-MB水平,并比较两组间变化及其峰值水平。结果:两组全部病例均成功植入支架。GW组全部成功放置GuardWire PlusTM远端保护装置。发病后12h两组CK-MB的值有明显差别(P<0.05),并且GW组出现酶峰提前,发病后6h、12h两组的CTNI的值有明显差别(P<0.05),并且GW组出现峰值提前。结论:老年心肌梗死急诊PCI中应用远端保护装置可以缩小梗死面积,改善预后。     

高龄STEMI患者PCI术中应用尼可地尔的作用

为了探讨尼可地尔配合经皮冠介入治疗(PCI)手术在高龄急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)治疗中的应用价值,本研究选取2016年2月至2017年7月在本院治疗的高龄STEMI患者89例,采用随机数字表法将患者随机分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=43),观察组给予尼可地尔配合PCI手术治疗,对照组仅给予PCI治疗,观察两组术后TIMI血流分级、校正的TIMI帧数(CTFC)等指标。观察组术后TIMI血流3级比例为89.13%,明显高于对照组(p0.05),术后CTFC为(23.19±7.33)帧,明显低于对照组(p0.05);观察组术后左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)和左室收缩末内径(LVESD)分别为(47.21±5.83) mm和(27.36±4.81) mm,明显低于对照组(p0.05),而左心室射血分数(LVEF)为(70.03±7.83)%,明显高于对照组(p0.05);观察组术后N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)及肌钙蛋白I (cTnI)分别为(610.40±103.22) ng/L、(201.33±38.20) U/L和(2.81±0.93) g/L,明显低于对照组(p0.05);观察组和对照组术后ST段完全回落率和主要心血管不良(MACE)事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。本研究表明,尼可地尔配合PCI手术治疗高龄STEMI患者,能有效改善患者心肌血流灌注水平和心功能,值得临床使用。     

经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠对急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊PCI治疗效果的影响

目的:探讨经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠对急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗效果的影响。方法:选取2013年5月～2018年5月期间我院收治的急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者80例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(n=40,血栓抽吸术后行PCI治疗)和研究组(n=40,血栓抽吸术后,经导管注入替罗非班及硝普钠后再行PCI治疗),比较两组患者心电图ST段回落变化、心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级情况、心功能指标及不良心血管事件发生率。结果:研究组完全回落发生率高于对照组(P0.05);两组部分回落、无回落发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组PCI术后TIMI血流分级为3级的例数少于研究组(P0.05)。两组患者术后7 d左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05);左室射血分数(LVEF)升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。术后6个月内研究组不良心血管事件总发生率为7.50%(3/40),低于对照组的25.00%(10/40)(P0.05)。结论:急性前壁ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者经血栓抽吸导管应用替罗非班及硝普钠后行PCI,可提高心功能、心肌灌注状态及心电图ST段完全回落率,并减少不良心血管事件的发生率。     

通心络胶囊对急性心梗PCI术后心肌微循环及心功能的影响

目的:探讨通心络胶囊对急性心梗经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后心肌微循环及心功能的影响。方法:选取2014年1月-2017年6月我院收治的ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死需经PCI患者200例,按照治疗方法分为对照组、观察组,每组100例。对照组进行常规药物治疗,观察组联合通心络胶囊进行治疗。比较两组PCI后心肌梗死溶栓(thrombolysis in myocardial infarction,TIMI)血流分级与计帧值(corrected thrombolysis in myocardial frame count,CTFC)、ST段回落情况、肌酸磷酸激酶同工酶(creatine phosphokinase-isoenzyme-MB,CK-MB)峰值及峰值时间,治疗前后心功能相关指标的变化。结果:PCI术后,两组冠脉TIMI血流分级比较差异不显著(P0.05),观察组CFTC显著低于对照组(P0.05),观察组ST段回落50%比例显著高于对照组(P0.05),CK-MB峰值及CK-MB峰值时间显著低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、心脏指数(cardiac index,CI)均显著升高(P0.05)左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end-diastolic dimension,LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end-systolic dimension,LVESD)均显著降低(P0.05),且观察组的以上指标的改善明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:通心络胶囊在急性心梗PCI后患者的应用中临床疗效良好,能够改善心肌微循环和心功能。     

定量组织速度成像预测心肌梗死PCI 术后心功能不全的研究

目的:应用定量组织速度成像技术(QTVI)检测经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后的ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死(STEMI)患者左心室收缩功能的改变;评价QTVI指标对该类患者未来发生心力衰竭的预测价值。方法:选择行急诊PCI术治疗的冠状动脉单支病变的急性心肌梗死患者,术后一周测量患者的左心室射血分数(LVEF),LVEF<50%者排除,LVEF≥50%者入选。共38例。并设正常对照组30例。入选者继续测二尖瓣环室间隔侧和左室侧壁侧QTVI曲线上心室收缩期速度峰值(Sa),并计算左室平均收缩期速度峰值(mean Sa)。术后12个月随访,查LVEF。结果:PCI术12个月后有17位患者LEVF<50%,21位患者LEVF≥50%。入选的STEMI者术后7天的左室平均Sa波峰值低于正常对照组。术后12个月出现LVEF减低(<50%)的患者,其术后7天的左室平均Sa波峰值低于PCI术12个月后LVEF正常的患者(P<0.01)。结论:通过QTVI检测二尖瓣环的运动速度能够早期发现单支病变所致的急性心肌梗死患者在急诊PCI术后的左心室功能受损;PCI术后LVEF正常的STEMI患者,术后7天QTVI测得的左室平均Sa波峰值减低可能预示着将来发展为LVEF减低的左心室收缩功能不全。     

法舒地尔在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者PCI术中疗效及安全性

目的:探讨法舒地尔在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)中的疗效及安全性。方法:选择2014年1月至2016年1月间于我院就诊的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者173例作为研究对象,随机将其分为观察组87例及对照组86例。对照组患者单纯行PCI治疗,观察组患者在PCI治疗过程中加用法舒地尔。对两组患者临床疗效、TIMI血流分级、左心功能指标及生化指标以及心血管不良事件进行考察与比较。结果:观察组患者治疗总有效率为90.80%,高于对照组的70.93%,P0.05。治疗前两组患者TIMI血流分级无显著差别(P0.05),治疗后两组患者TIMI血流3级患者较治疗前明显增多,且观察组TIMI血流3级患者明显多于对照组(P0.05)。观察组患者治疗后左心功能指标及生化指标均明显优于对照组(P0.05)。观察组患者心血管不良事件发生率仅为6.90%,远远低于对照组的45.35%,P0.05。结论:急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者在PCI术中使用法舒地尔具有良好的临床疗效及安全性,有利于患者心功能改善,值得临床推广应用。     

血清胱抑素C水平对急性前壁心梗患者心功能有一定预测价值

为了探讨影响急性前壁心肌梗死患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)后心力衰竭的因素,检测血清胱抑素C水平在用PCI术治疗急性前壁心梗患者心力衰竭术后影响,本研究选择2013年1月~2017年3月在我院接受PCI治疗的急性前壁心肌梗死患者287例作为研究对象,翻阅患者病历,记录患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、合并疾病、个人史、发病至手术时间、入院时血糖、血脂、血压、白细胞、受累导联数、术前用药、罪犯血管、术前LVEF、术后TIMI血流、病变血管术、BNP水平、CysC水平,观察上述指标与术后心力衰竭的相关性。结果本研究中287例急性前壁心肌梗死患者PCI术后出现心力衰竭71例,心力衰竭发生率为24.74%。单因素分析显示,年龄、糖尿病、高血压、梗死前心绞痛、术前血糖、白细胞、术前收缩压、术前舒张压、LDL-C、术前BNP、术前CysC、术前LVEF、术后TIMI分级是影响急性前壁心肌梗死患者PCI术后心力衰竭发生的危险因素(p0.05)。多因素分析显示,年龄73.6岁、高血压、术前血糖8.72 mmol/L、术前CysC1.57 mg/L是急性前壁心肌梗死患者PCI术后心力衰竭的独立危险因素(p0.05),LVEF48.57%、术后TIMI2级为急性前壁心肌梗死患者PCI术后心力衰竭的保护性因素(p0.05)。本研究表明,急性前壁心梗患者PCI术后心力衰竭是多种因素协同作用的结果,术前CysC水平升高对患者PCI术后心力衰竭具有一定预测价值,值得临床推广应用。     

急性心肌梗死PCI术后早期T波倒置与左室功能的关系

目的:探讨急性ST段抬高心肌梗死直接PCI术后早期T波倒置与左心室功能的关系.方法:对急性ST段抬高心肌梗死直接PCI术后78例患者,以24小时抬高的T波是否倒置分组,采用超声心动描记术检测左室射血分数、心肌活动指数,评价早期T波倒置与左室功能的关系.结果:早期T波倒置组左心功能优于T波未倒置组(P＜0.01),T波深倒置组左心功能优于浅倒置组(P＜0.05).结论:急性ST段抬高心机梗死早期T波倒置可早期评估左心功能、判断预后.     

冠状动脉内注射负荷量替罗非班对急性心肌梗死患者心肌灌注及心功能的影响

目的：探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者急诊经皮冠状动脉注射负荷量盐酸替罗非班对心肌灌注及心功能的影响。方法：选择急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者270倒,随机分为实验组（n=133）和对照组（n=137）。所有入选患者均急诊进行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）,术中实验组患者予冠脉内注射负荷量盐酸替罗非班,对照组不予注射,主要终点为观察PCI术后即刻造影结果,同时观察术后3天、30天、360天的左室射血分数（EF）,左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、左室收缩期末内径（LVESD）及术后360天主要心血管不良事件的发生率;次要终点为一般出血事件的发生率、血小板下降情况、血小板聚集率的变化。结果：实验组患者术后校正的TIMI帧数、术后2小时ST段回落程度、磷酸肌酸肌酶同工酶（CK-MB）峰值及峰值时间显著优于对照组（P〈0．05）．梗死相关血管无复流发生率及360天MACE的发生率显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）,与对照组相比,术后30天、360天的EF值明显增加,术后30天、360天的LVEDD、LVESD显著降低（P〈0．05）;实验组术后2天血小板聚集率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：急诊PCI术中联合冠脉内注射负荷量替罗非班可以改善心肌灌注水平及心功能,且不增加出血事件的发生率,提高远期愈后。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various