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一株携带质粒的人两歧双歧杆菌的分离与鉴定 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
目的:分离携带天然质粒的人双歧杆菌.方法:用自制的改良型Blb双歧杆菌选择培养基,从人新鲜粪便分离双歧杆菌,对初步质粒检测阳性的单菌落通过糖发酵试验、(G C)mol%测定和16S rDNA序列分析,进行菌株鉴定.结果:筛选到一株携带天然质粒的人双歧杆菌,编号B200304,在1.0%琼脂糖凝胶上,测得质粒的相对分子质量约为22 kb.通过对该菌株的形态学观察和糖发酵试验等生理生化特征研究,证明该菌株为两歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum);HPLC法测得其(G C)mol%为55.6,16SrDNA序列分析进一步证实该菌株为两歧双歧杆菌.结论:分离得到一株携带天然质粒的人两歧双歧杆菌新菌株. 相似文献
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双歧杆菌质粒的检测及其对抗生素敏感性 总被引:11,自引:4,他引:7
本文应用LeBLanc法提取6种20株双歧杆菌菌株的质粒,发现共有4个种的6株菌株存在着1~3个质粒,多数质粒的分子量小于6.0kb。存在质粒的双歧杆菌包括分离自人的短双歧杆菌、青春双歧杆菌、两歧双岐杆菌和婴儿双歧杆菌。用固体培养基滤纸片抑菌圈法测定双歧杆菌对15种常用抗生素的敏感性,结果表明,测试的20株双歧杆菌菌株对所检测的15种抗生素的敏感性无规律可循,而且质粒消除实验表明质粒的存在与所检测的抗生素抗性无相关性。 相似文献
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双歧杆菌的耐药性与质粒 总被引:11,自引:4,他引:7
目的:研究双歧杆菌的耐药性与质粒的关系。方法 对17株5种来自微生态制剂的双歧杆菌进行抗生素药敏试验和质粒检测,利用溴化乙锭消除其质粒;比较质粒消除前后耐药性的改变。结果17株双歧杆菌对氨基糖式类和多肽类抗生素呈强抗性;除1株短型双歧杆菌B157存有2.7Kb和5.6Kb两种质粒外,其余菌株均未质粒,消除后持粒的B157株菌对抗生素的敏感性并未改变。结论 此17株双歧杆菌的耐药性与质粒无直接相关性 相似文献
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本研究采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对分离白海南岛的12个Bt菌株与分离自广西、黑龙江的5株Bt菌株及2株Bt模式菌株进行质粒数量、大小等特征分析.19个供试菌株可区分为16种独特的质粒电泳图谱,充分显示出不同来源bt菌株的质粒多样性.进一步选择了其中的10个菌株,利用包埋法制备琼脂块进行脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE),结果表明苏云金芽孢杆菌大质粒组成特征也具有丰富多样性.但是供试菌株的质粒电泳图谱并未体现与地理和生态特征相关联的特征差异.研究结果初步证实海南分离株S3078-1是一株无内生质粒的Bt菌株,而S3031-1和S3073-1两个分离株仅有一个大质粒存在,这三个分离株将为进一步研究质粒功能提供初始菌株.本研究进一步暗示将琼脂糖凝胶电泳和脉冲场凝胶电泳结合起来研究质粒特征提高了结果的可靠性. 相似文献
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以窄宿主葡萄农杆菌Ag162Ti质粒的T-DNA区tmr、tmsl和ocs基因座位以及T_A-DNA和T_B-DNA片段为探针,对12株我国分离的不同生物型、质粒类型和寄主范围的葡萄根癌农杆菌的引质粒转移DNA(T-DNA)进行Southern杂交分析。在9株生物3型octoplne Ti质粒菌株中,与上述探针均同源。其中窄宿主葡萄根癌农杆菌菌株杂交片段彼此较一致。广宿主葡萄根癌农杆菌菌株的杂交片段彼此差异较大。1株无致瘤能力的生物1型菌株与5个探针均不杂交。1株生物3型nopaline Ti质粒菌株及1株诱导冠瘿瘤中只合成精氨酸的菌株,杂交带的变化也大。由此可见葡萄农杆菌在生物进化过程中其转移DNA呈多态性,成为农杆菌中特殊类群。本分析对葡萄根癌农杆菌致病菌株的鉴定亦有帮助。 相似文献
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本文对临床分离的89株肺炎杆菌进行了7种抗生素敏感性检测以及质粒图谱分析。结果,91.2%的菌株均对2种或2种以上抗生素耐药,并呈9个型别的耐药谱。全部被检菌株共分16种质粒图谱,其中主要为PPⅠ、PPⅡ、PPⅢ、PPⅣ及PPⅤ。这5种主要质粒图谱型别所包含的56株菌株中,94.6%的菌株具有共同稳定相似的耐药谱,即耐羧苄青霉素、氨苄青霉素及灭滴灵。另外76株检出质粒的菌株中,91.7%的菌株含有分子量126×10 ̄6的大质粒。 相似文献
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我国啤酒花根癌土壤杆菌的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
1983—1984年,对北京、浙江、山东等地啤酒花种植地区的啤酒花冠瘿病发病情况进行了调查,并采集、分离到啤酒花根癌土壤杆菌16株。对其生物型、质粒类型、寄主范围和对土壤杆菌素8{(agrocin 84)的敏感性进行了测定。证明所测菌株都属于土壤杆菌生物I型菌,质粒类型为胭脂碱型(nopaline),具有较广的寄主范围,其中11株菌对土壤杆菌素8{敏感,5株菌不敏感。对1 0株菌的质粒进行了检测。在琼瞻糖凝胶电泳图上表明,所有菌株都含一个与pTiC58大小相同的质粒,此外,大多数菌株还含有l一3个隐蔽质柱。 相似文献
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【目的】考察一株红球菌Rhodococcus sp.strain p52中的二噁英降解质粒pDF01(170 kb)和pDF02(242 kb)的稳定性和接合转移特性。【方法】在无选择压力的条件下对菌株p52进行连续传代培养,考察质粒pDF01、pDF02的丢失;以菌株p52为供体菌,以不同种属的菌株作受体菌,通过平板接合实验探讨质粒pDF01、pDF02接合转移的受体菌范围以及接合转移频率,利用菌落杂交、Southern杂交对质粒转移结果进行确认,利用降解实验测试转移质粒降解基因的表达。【结果】质粒pDF01和pDF02在红球菌p52中均具有较高的稳定性,在LB培养基上连续传代少于47次时pDF02可保持,连续传代少于65次时pDF01可保持。质粒pDF01和pDF02具备在同属和属间接合转移的能力,可向受体菌——紫红红球菌(Rhodococcus rhodochrous)、红串红球菌(Rhodococcus erythropolis)、大地两面神菌(Terrabacter tumescens)和节杆菌(Arthrobacter sp.)转移,其中以节杆菌作受体菌时质粒pDF01和pDF02接合转移频率最高,达到3.5×10~(-6)(接合子/受体菌);对节杆菌接合子质粒进行Southern杂交进一步确认了质粒pDF01、pDF02的存在。另外获得质粒pDF01、pDF02后的节杆菌接合子可以对二苯并呋喃高效利用,且降解能力与红球菌供体菌株p52相当。【结论】红球菌菌株p52可通过降解质粒转移强化生物修复过程,在去除环境中二噁英污染中具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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目的:从海南温泉中分离鉴定嗜热微生物,并了解其生理生化特征,同时对其质粒进行初步研究.方法:稀释平板法分离嗜热菌;形态学、生理生化和分子生物学方法进行菌种鉴定;氯化铯超速离心法测定菌株(G+ C) mol%含量;利用吖啶橙消除菌株质粒并分析质粒消除前后的生物学特性.结果:获得1株温泉嗜热菌菌株LY,其最适生长温度在80 ~ 85℃之间,最适pH值为6.0,对链霉素、卡那霉素、四环素、氨苄青霉素、氯霉素敏感.结合形态学、生理生化测试和16S rRNA序列分析鉴定菌株为Bacillus sp.LY.菌株的(G+C)mol%含量为66.90%.菌株质粒大于3000 bp,质粒消除前后,其生物学特性无明显差异.结论:温泉嗜热菌LY可作为耐热候选菌株进行后续深入研究. 相似文献
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IncP-1 plasmids are known to be promiscuous, but it is not understood if they are equally well adapted to various species within their host range. Moreover, little is known about their fate in bacterial communities. We determined if the IncP-1beta plasmid pB10 was unstable in some Proteobacteria, and whether plasmid stability was enhanced after long-term carriage in a single host and when regularly switched between isogenic hosts. Plasmid pB10 was found to be very unstable in Pseudomonas putida H2, and conferred a high cost (c. 20% decrease in fitness relative to the plasmid-free host). H2(pB10) was then evolved under conditions that selected for plasmid maintenance, with or without regular plasmid transfer (host-switching). When tested in the ancestral host, the evolved plasmids were more stable and their cost was significantly reduced (9% and 16% for plasmids from host-switched and nonswitched lineages, respectively). Our findings suggest that IncP-1 plasmids can rapidly adapt to an unfavorable host by improving their overall stability, and that regular conjugative transfer accelerates this process. 相似文献
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Aims: Plasmids are critical for the pathogenicity of Yersinia pestis. In order to carry out a systematic investigation of their role in pathogenesis, we cured plasmids from Y. pestis. Methods and Results: Each plasmid’s replicon of Y. pestis was cloned into plasmid pEX18Gm containing a counter‐selectable sacB gene, and was then introduced into Y. pestis strain 201 by electroporation. Strains containing recombinant plasmids were cultivated under antibiotic selection. The resultant plasmid‐curing colonies, identified by specific polymerase chain reactions, were then cured off pEX18Gm under sucrose pressure. This method was used to successfully cure all four plasmids of Y. pestis, singly or in different combinations. Conclusions: Naturally evolving plasmids in Y. pestis are difficult to remove by conventional curing methods. We employed a method based on plasmid incompatibility to cure the plasmids from Y. pestis, which confirmed the efficacy of this method for curing plasmids with different types of replicons from one bacterium. Significance and Impact of the Study: There have been no reports on the curing of multiple plasmids by using replication mechanisms from one bacterium with this technique. In the present study, we were able to successfully apply this methodology to cure four plasmids from Y. pestis, confirming its feasibility. 相似文献
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Imanaka T 《Biotechnology advances》1983,1(2):279-288
An overview on the strategies for cultivation of recombinant organisms is presented in three sections, that is, the stability of plasmids, expression of cloned genes and an example of a genetically engineered microorganism. 相似文献
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Thomas Tennstedt Rafael Szczepanowski Irene Krahn Alfred Pühler Andreas Schlüter 《Plasmid》2005,53(3):218
To analyse the significance of conjugative broad-host-range IncP-1α plasmids for the spread of antibiotic resistance determinants in waste-water treatment plants we isolated and characterised five different IncP-1α plasmids from bacteria of activated sludge and the final effluents of a municipal waste-water treatment plant. These plasmids mediate resistance to ampicillin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, gentamicin, kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, tobramycin, and trimethoprim. The complete 68,869 bp DNA-sequence of the IncP-1α plasmid pTB11 was determined. The pTB11 backbone modules for replication (Rep), mating pair formation (Trb), multimer resolution (Mrs), post-segregational killing (Psk), conjugative DNA-transfer (Tra), plasmid control (Ctl), and stable maintenance and inheritance (KilA, KilE, and KilC) are highly conserved as compared to the ‘Birmingham’ IncP-1α plasmids. In contrast to the ‘Birmingham’ plasmids pTB11 carries an insert of a Tn402-derivative integrating a class 1 integron in the intergenic region between the multimer resolution operon parCBA and the post-segregational killing operon parDE. The integron comprises the resistance gene cassettes oxa2 (β-lactamase), aacA4 (aminoglycoside-6′N-acetyltransferase), and aadA1 (aminoglycoside-3′-adenylyltransferase) and a complete tniABQR transposition module. Integron-specific sequences were also identified on other IncP-1α plasmids analysed in this work. In contrast to the ‘Birmingham’ plasmids the pTB11 tetracycline resistance module carries a pecM- and a pncA-like gene downstream of the tetracycline resistance gene tetA and contains an insertion of the new insertion sequence element ISTB11. The transposable elements IS21 and Tn1 which disrupted, respectively, orf7 and klcB on the ‘Birmingham’ plasmids are not present on pTB11. Identification of IncP-1α plasmids in bacteria of the waste-water treatment plant’s final effluents indicates that bacteria carrying these kind of plasmids are released into the environment. 相似文献
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从堆肥和污泥中分离到一批抗药性高温细菌,经电泳检查,发现6株高温细菌细胞中有质粒存在。其中,嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌T653的细胞DNA提取液电泳图谱上,有三条非染色体DNA条带,用电镜直接观察,证明它们是T653细胞中的三个质粒。测得两个较小质粒的分子量分别为3.6×10~6和45×10~6道尔顿。研究了嗜热脂肪芽孢杆的T653的温度生长条件与其细胞中质粒的关系。T653细胞中三个质粒的明确功能有待进一步探讨。 相似文献
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