成年Beagle犬生物学指标及心电图检测值统计分析

目的 测定正常Beagle犬生理指标,比较不同性别间各参数的差异,以建立健康成年Beagle犬相关生理学参数的基础正常值.方法 根据国家(成都)中药安全性评价中心制定的标准操作规程(SOP)并参照国内外相关资料,对200只4～8月龄Beagle犬的心电图、血压、呼吸、血液学及血液生化等指标进行检测.结果 200只犬均为窦性心律,雌性犬心率较雄性快(P<0.01);血液学指标中RBC、Hb及HCT值雌性均低于雄性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);血生化指标中雌性犬高于雄性的是BUN(P<0.05);雌性犬低于雄性的是TP、ALB、GLU、TC及K+的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 在本实验室条件下,雌雄Beagle犬之间部分指标有统计学差异,本结果可为Beagle犬的实验提供正常值参考.     

Beagle犬的基础数据

目的检测不同性别年龄段Beagle犬的血液学和血生化指标,解剖称量分析8～12月龄Beagle犬脏器重量、系数等基础数据,为实验用Beagle犬的应用与研究提供参考数据。方法采用HITACHI-7020自动生化分析仪和SWELAB—AC920EO血球自动分析仪,检测了3000多只次不同性别和年龄的健康Beagle犬的血液学和血生化数据;解剖128头Beagle犬,称量及计算正常Beagle犬各内脏器官重量及系数。结果和结论获得正常Beagle犬的血液学RBC、HCT、MCV、RDW、HGB、MCH、MCHC、PLT、WBC、LYM、MID、GRA等指标正常值及标准差,血生化ALT、AST、ALP、TP、ALB、BUN、CREA、GLU、TCHO、TBILI、TG等指标正常值及标准差;获得Beagle犬心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、左右肾、脑、肾上腺、胸腺、甲状腺、睾丸、前列腺、子宫、卵巢等内脏器官的重量和系数正常值及标准差。     

Beagle犬正常血液学指标及血清生化指标测定

选用普通级健康Beagle犬270只(雄性135只,雌性135只),6～8月龄,体重7～9 kg,前肢内侧隐静脉采血,使用日本西森美康(Sysmex)全自动五分类血球仪及配套试剂和日本奥林巴斯(OLYMPUS-2700)全自动生化分析仪及配套试剂,分别测定血液学指标和血清生化指标.数据经统计分析,得出了雄性、雌性Beagle犬血液学指标和血清生化指标正常参考值的均值及标准差;19项血液学指标雌雄间差异不显著(P＞0.05);4项血液学指标:平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板压积(PCT)、血小板体积分布宽度(PDW)、网织红细胞(Ret)与国内相关报道差异显著(P＜0.05);1项血清生化指标:碱性磷酸酶(ALP)雌雄间差异显著(P＜0.05),其余9项血清生化指标雌雄间差异不显著(P＞0.05).建立了本研究所繁育饲养基地Beagle犬血液学指标和血清生化指标的正常参考值范围,为医学研究提供参考基础数据.     

Beagle犬静脉血储血方式不同和存放时间不同对生化值变化的影响

为了解Beagle犬静脉血储血方式及存放时间不同对生化值变化的影响,选取10只年龄在4～6月龄的Beagle犬,前肢静脉采血,测定血液中的生化成分,结果显示：采血后立即检测,血清组检测值高于血浆组检测值,血清组存放72 h后,检测结果与立即检测组有较大差异,血浆组存放72 h后,检测结果与立即检测组比较差异较小.所以认为,血清采集后应立即进行检测,如需延后检测,可用血浆保存,这样才能保证结果的准确可靠.     

Beagle犬免疫血清犬瘟热抗体检测

采用琼脂扩散法测定血清抗体效价,同时采用微量细胞中和实验测定中和效价,检测60份Beagle犬免疫血清犬瘟热(CD)抗体.结果表明25日龄仔犬血清母源抗体维持在较高的水平,以后逐渐下降,至35日龄(首免日)血清母源抗体水平下降1～2个滴度,首免后1个月、3个月、6个月免疫抗体水平逐渐上升.根据抗体水平应选择35日龄首免.本试验为 Beagle犬瘟热病预防选择疫苗和制定合适的免疫程序提供参考,实验设定的两种免疫程序在临床上都可以使用.     

不同粗蛋白含量日粮对Beagle犬生产力的影响

用4种不同粗蛋白含量的日粮饲喂60条2～3岁Beagle犬种犬(♀48,♂12)和200条(♀,♂各半)1～8月龄生长犬,对种母犬2～3胎的主要繁殖性能和生长犬的生长性能(体重月平均增加)进行测定.结果 表明饲喂粗蛋白含量水平为28.6%的日粮,受试母犬表现出优良的繁殖性能:配怀率98.5%、平均产仔数6.3条/胎、仔犬成活率90.3%;1～8月龄生长Beagle犬饲喂粗蛋白含量水平为32.8%为最佳,平均月增重为1.41 kg.说明不同粗蛋白含量日粮对Beagle犬生产力有明显的影响.     

实验Beagle犬感染寄生虫的常规检查报告

Beagle犬已经在科研领域得到广泛应用。我场的Beagle犬种群也逐渐增加 ,产量扩大 ,已用于多项实验研究。了解我单位Beagle犬体内外寄生虫的感染情况及感染程度 ,有利于提高实验犬的质量 ,加强饲养管理。同时 ,常规、定期、随机检查 ,对掌握Beagle犬的生长发育等状况也很有必要。1　材料和方法本所饲养场Beagle犬 1 2 0只。分为 3组 ,第 1组为 2～ 4月龄幼犬 ,体重 2～ 4kg ,共 30只 ,♂♀各半 ;第 2组为 5～ 7月龄待发犬 ,体重 6～ 8kg ,共 66只 ,2 9♂ 37♀ ;第 3组为 1 2～ 36月龄以上种犬 ,体重 9～1 1kg ,共 2 4只 ,8♂ 1 6♀。体外寄…     

无创遥测技术观察运输应激对Beagle犬部分生理指标的影响

目的应用无创遥测技术观察运输应激对Beagle犬部分生理指标的影响。方法 16只Beagle犬随机分成两组（每组8只）,即对照组和运输应激组,并利用大动物无创生理信号遥测技术,分别监测清醒自由活动状态下对照组和运输应激组应激4 h后Beagle犬的心电图、活动、皮肤温度和呼吸参数的变化。结果 Beagle犬心率、RR间期、QT间期、活动、皮肤温度、呼吸均具有明显的昼夜节律变化（P〈0.01）;与对照组比,运输应激后Beagle犬心率、活动度、呼吸频率、每分钟通气量和潮气量均显著增加（P〈0.01）,RR间期、PR间期、皮肤温度均显著降低（P〈0.01）,相关分析表明运输应激对Beagle犬心率、活动、皮肤温度和呼吸频率具有显著的相关性（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论运输应激可引起Beagle犬生理学指标的明显改变,但除皮肤温度外,运输应激（4 h）对Beagle犬昼夜节律变化破坏不明显;利用无创遥测技术平台可建立理想的Beagle犬生物模型,可用于动物福利和药理毒理学评价研究。     

自发性及睾酮诱导犬前列腺增生模型的比较

目的比较自发性及雄激素诱导犬前列腺增生模型的特点,为更好地评价治疗前列腺增生药物奠定方法学基础。方法成年雄性Beagle犬12只,随机分成2组,B超探测符合要求的老年Beagle犬6只,依次设为对照组、睾酮组和老年犬组（即自发性前列腺增生组）。睾酮组动物去势后,经肌肉注射（im）2.5 mg/kg的睾酮,对照组动物给予等体积溶媒,老年犬组动物不给药,连续4周。每周称重一次,最后一次给药24 h后,B超探测前列腺体积,采血,取血清备用。麻醉处死动物,取前列腺,称干湿重,测量前列腺体积,计算前列腺脏器系数,组织切片,HE染色后镜下观察前列腺病理组织学变化,并进一步利用显微图像软件测量前列腺上皮高度及腺腔面积。利用磁酶免和ELISA方法检测血清及前列腺组织中睾酮（T）、双氢睾酮（DHT）、前列腺特异抗原（PSA）和前列腺酸性磷酸酶（PAP）水平。结果①给药后,各组动物体重增长总体呈平稳趋势。②B超结果显示,去势Beagle犬给予睾酮4周,前列腺体积大于对照组（P〈0.01）,老年犬前列腺体积大于成年犬（P〈0.01）。③解剖结果显示,睾酮组和老年犬组实际前列腺体积均明显大于对照组（P〈0.05）,且老年犬前列腺体积大于睾酮组;睾酮组和老年犬组前列腺湿量和脏器系数均大于对照组（P〈0.05）,且老年犬前列腺湿重和脏器系数均大于睾酮组。④病理形态分析显示,睾酮组犬前列腺镜下主要表现为腺体增生,尤其是腺上皮增生,而老年犬则更多表现为间质增生。显微图像分析结果显示,与正常对照组相比,睾酮组前列腺上皮高度增加（P〈0.01）,腺腔面积增大（P〈0.01）;老年Bea-gle犬同样表现为前列腺上皮高度增加（P〈0.01）,腺腔面积增大（P〈0.05）,但上皮高度要低于睾酮组。⑤激素检测结果显示,与对照组相比,睾酮组血清中T、DHT和PAP水平略升高,前列腺组织中T（P〈0.05）、DHT（P〈0.01）、PAP（P〈0.05）和PSA水平升高明显;老年犬血清中T、DHT和PAP水平略升高,前列腺组织中T升高,但DHT、PAP和PSA水平均较正常组为低。结论自发性和睾酮诱导的犬前列腺增生模型均可用于前列腺增生药物评价,但模型间存在一定的差异性。     

幼狼血液生理生化及激素参考值

为了了解狼(Canis lupus)幼体的血液生理生化和某些激素正常值及其特点,为相关生物学研究、人工饲养和健康检测提供参考资料,本文采用全自动血球计数仪、全自动生化分析系统和全自动第三代发光免疫仪对8只4月龄幼狼的40项血液生理生化及8项血清激素指标进行了测定.结果表明,雌雄幼狼的血液生理生化指标无显著差异;雄性幼狼的大多数血液理化指标均比雌性幼狼偏高;雌雄幼狼的血清激素水平存在一定的性别专属.     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various