中国耳叶苔科-新记录种——本州耳叶苔(Frullania usamiensis)

本文报导了辽宁省首次发现的中国耳叶苔科一新记录种即本州耳叶苔(Frullania usamiensis Steph.)。作者在研究东北耳叶苔科标本过程中,发现了本州耳叶苔,该种原仅在日本和朝鲜有报导,为我国新记录,现报导如下。     

东亚分布合叶苔属(苔纲: 合叶苔科) 三种植物的比较和评估

对最近被Potemkin作为同一种处理的合叶苔属Scapania中东亚分布的三种即细齿合叶苔S. parvidens Steph.、弯瓣合叶苔S. parvitexta Steph.和灰绿合叶苔S. glaucoviridis Horik.的模式标本及相关标本进行了比较研究。结果表明, 它们仍应该作为三个独立不同的种来处理。对三个种的模式标本进行了绘图和描述, 并详细讨论了三种之间的区别。     

中国叶附生苔类植物的研究（五）——广东黑石顶自然保护区的叶附生苔类

广东省黑石顶自然保护区的叶附生苔类植物调查,为该省西部有关叶附生苔类的首次报道,发现了2科、7属、13种和1变种。它们分布于海拔350—600m之间的沟谷常绿阔叶林内,最习见种类为尖叶薄鳞苔(Leptolejeunea elliptica)和尖舌扁萼苔(Radula acuminata),其次系海南薄鳞苔(Leptolejeumea hainanensis)和棉毛疣鳞苔(Cololejeunea floccosa)等。从区系角度分析,黑石顶自然保护区与我国西双版纳,福建武夷山和台湾的叶附生苔类分别有50—70％的种类相似,它们以南亚成分为主．并有明显的我国特有万分(28．5%)。     

细鳞苔科psbA基因的适应性进化分析

在时间框架下,采用机理式模型(Mechanistic model)和MEC模型(Mechanistic-empirical combination model)以及Datamonkey对细鳞苔科psbA基因的进化式样进行了分析.结果均未检测到统计上显著的正选择位点,显示负选择对细鳞苔科psbA基因起主导作用.另外,基于UCLD分子钟估算出的细鳞苔科各分支分歧时间表明,该科物种丰富度的辐射式增长发生在新生代渐新世.     

中国苔类新记录种:附基缺萼苔(Gymnomitrion laceratum(Steph.)Horik.)

报道产于西藏的中国苔类植物缺萼苔科缺萼苔1 个新记录种:附基缺萼苔(Gymnomitrion laceratum(Steph.)Horik.)。该种主要特征为植物体具残存但可辨别的腹叶, 有别于该科其它种类。     

中国挺叶苔属(Anastrophyllum (Hepaticae))一新记录种

本文报道了挺叶苔属（Anastrophyllum)的一中国新记录种毛口挺叶苔（Anastrophyllum piligerum(Nees)Steph.),并对该属的分类情况进行了讨论。     

安徽省苔类植物新资料

该文报道了5种安徽苔类植物新记录,即刺茎拟大萼苔(Cephaloziella spinicaulis Douin)、钝角顶苞苔[Acrobolbus ciliatus(Mitt.)Schiffn.]、上海羽苔(Plagiochila shangaica Steph.)、日本小叶苔(Fossombronia japonica Schiffn.)和单月苔(Monosolenium tenerum Griff.),分别隶属于拟大萼苔科、顶苞苔科、羽苔科、小叶苔科和单月苔科。其中,顶苞苔科、小叶苔科和单月苔科为安徽省新记录科。同时,对这几个种的主要识别特征和地理分布进行了讨论。     

江西九连山自然保护区叶附生苔研究

九连山自然保护区位于江西省南部,是目前已知江西叶附生苔的分布南界。现有叶附生苔类植物３科、１１属和１９种（含变种）,分布于海拔４５０￣７００ｍ的常绿阔叶林内。其中,东亚细鳞苔、白边疣鳞苔、皱萼苔、喜马拉雅片鳞苔内齿瓣变种为江西新记录。尖叶薄鳞苔、尖舌扁萼苔、台湾片鳞苔和列胞疣鳞苔是九连山叶附生苔常见种。区系分析结果表明,泛热带及东亚区系成分是构成该区叶附生苔的主要成分,分别占４７．３７％和４２．１     

基于线粒体DNA控制区序列变异探讨黑龙江和图们江细鳞鲑属鱼类的分类地位

基于细鳞鲑属Brachymystas鱼类的线粒体DNA控制区基因序列变异,对分布于黑龙江水系中国境内的尖吻细鳞鲑(sharp-snouted lenok)和钝吻细鳞鲑(blunt-snouted lenok),及分布于图们江的图们江细鳞鲑B.tumensis进行分子系统关系研究,为进一步确定黑龙江水系2种细鳞鲑的分类学地位、有效命名及图们江细鳞鲑物种地位性提供分子生物学依据.分布于黑龙江水系的细鳞鲑种群在系统发育树中明显构成2个独立的进化分支,分别对应可经形态鉴别而差异显著的尖吻细鳞鲑和钝吻细鳞鲑,平均序列分歧为1.9%,在属内已达到种间分化水平;图们江细鳞鲑与尖吻细鳞鲑的呼玛河、乌苏里江、奎勒河等种群共同构为1个进化分支,与尖吻细鳞鲑的序列分歧(平均为1.2%)远低于与钝吻细鳞鲑的序列分歧(平均为2.2%).结合形态学的初步研究结果(图们江细鳞鲑的主要形态特征偏向于尖吻细鳞鲑),不支持图们江细鳞鲑独立种的分类地位,建议为尖吻细鳞鲑B.lenok的同物异名,也不支持普遍认为的钝吻细鳞鲑的有效学名为B.tumensis,其有效命名还待商榷,暂属未定名种.综上所述,基于基因序列分析的遗传学结果进一步验证了形态学的分类结论,即在黑龙江水系细鳞鲑属有2个独立的种,分别为尖吻细鳞鲑B.lenok和钝吻细鳞鲑B.sp.,而图们江细鳞鲑B.tumensis应归为尖吻细鳞鲑B.lenok的同物异名.     

靖西细筒苣苔—中国广西苦苣苔科一新种

描述了广西苦苣苔科细筒苣苔属Lagarosolen W.T.Wang-新种-靖西细筒苣苔L.jingxiensis Yan Lin,H S.Gao ＆ W.B xu.该种与细筒苣苔L.hispidus W.T.Wang相近,但叶片边缘具圆齿,苞片线形或狭披针形,长4～8 mm,宽0.5～1 mm,花丝较长,约6～7 mm,花冠裂片卵形,内面具2条淡黄色条纹可与后者区别.靖西细筒苣苔的分布范围较狭窄,目前仅见于广西靖西县地州乡和龙邦镇的几个岩溶洞穴的洞口带.     

Morphological and phytochemical studies of Plagiochila papillifolia Steph., a Neotropical liverwort new to Europe

Abstract

The Neotropical liverwort Plagiochila papillifolia Steph. is conspecific with P. caespiticia Spruce ex Herzog (nom. inval.), P . deciduifolia Steph., P . solmsii Steph. and P . verruculosa R.M.Schust.; it is reported from the Azores, new to Europe. Morphologically it shows affinity with sect. Bidentes Carl; phytochemically, several of its lipophilic secondary metabolites are the same as those of P . retrorsa Gottsche, another Neotropical species reported only recently from Macaronesia.     

Secondary Metabolites from Aspergillus fumigatus,an Endophytic Fungus from the Liverwort Heteroscyphus tener (Steph.) Schiffn.

Three new metabolites, asperfumigatin ( 1 ), isochaetominine ( 10 ), and 8′‐O‐methylasterric acid ( 21 ), together with nineteen known compounds, were obtained from the culture of Aspergillus fumigatus, an endophytic fungus from the Chinese liverwort Heteroscyphus tener (Steph.) Schiffn. Their structures were established by extensive analysis of the spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of 1 and 10 were determined by analysis of their respective CD spectra. Cytotoxicity of these isolates against four human cancer cell lines was also determined.     

塔叶苔属（Schiffneria Steph.）（Hepaticae）的研究

塔叶苔属（Schiffneria Steph.）建立于1894年。作者在研究中国标本时,发现一新种——Schiffneria yunnanensis C. Gao &; W. Li sp. nov.。塔叶苔属的配子体为叶状体,生殖枝具茎叶返祖现象,应置于叶苔亚纲的叶状体无组织分化类群——带叶苔目（Pallaviciniales）之中。     

African Hepatics: VIII. Diplasiolejeunea albifolia (Taylor) E. W. Jones comb.nov.

Abstract

The new combination Tetralophozia filiformis (Steph.) E. Urmi is proposed for Chandonanthus filiformis Steph. So far this species has been known only from Asia and N. America. Recent collections show it to occur also in Europe, in the Cantabrian Mts., Spain. Here it grows in sheltered places on siliceous rocks in oceanic conditions. From Tetralophozia setiformis (Ehrh.) Schljak. (=Chandonanthus setiformis) it is distinguished by its smaller size, the leaf lobes are always more than twice as long as wide and their margins are not inflexed towards the stem.     

中国大陆一苔类新记录种——膨体异萼苔

报道了产自中国大陆贵州省的异萼苔属(Heteroscyphus)一新记录种--膨体异萼苔[H. turgidus (Schiffn.) Schiffn.]。本种与圆叶异萼苔[H. tener (Steph.) Schiffn.]主要的区别特征在于腹叶边缘具粗齿且植株明显较小。依据采自贵州梵净山的标本,提供了详细的形态描述和线条图。     

阳西静容卫矛(卫矛科)——华南一新变种

报道了中国广东省阳西县沟谷雨林内1新变种——阳西静容卫矛(Euonymus chengii var.yangxiensis Y.S.Ye&L.F.Wu),并提供简要描述和照片。阳西静容卫矛隶属于卫矛科(Celastraceae)浅裂卫矛组(Euonymus),蒴果顶端浅裂,与原变种静容卫矛(E.chengii J.S.Ma)和中华卫矛(E.nitidus Benth.)相似,主要区别是该变种叶缘顶部2/3以上具锯齿,侧脉明显,花少且大,蒴果大,萼片伸展。     

cis-Clerodane diterpenoids from the Chinese liverwort Scapania parva Steph.

Three undescribed cis-clerodane lactones, scapanialides A–C (1–3), and a new cis-clerodane furano-diterpenoid, scaparvin F (4), were isolated from the Chinese liverwort Scapania parva Steph. Scapanialide B (2) is the first cis-clerodane diterpenoid with a bicyclo[5.4.0]undecane skeleton from liverworts. Their structures including the absolute configurations were determined by extensive analysis of multidimensional NMR spectroscopy and TDDFT CD calculations, together with crystal X-ray diffraction measurements. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1–4 was preliminary tested against the Hela and MCF-7 cell lines.     

Mrican hepatics. XXXIV. Some little-known or new Lejeuneaceae

Abstract

Lejeunea aethiopica E. W. Jones, sp. nov., L. amaniensis E. W. Jones sp. nov., L. hepaticola Steph., and Cheilolejeunea cordistipula (Steph.) Grolle ex Jones, 397 comb. nov. (Strepsilejeunea cordistipula Steph., Pycnolejeunea angustiflora Steph., syn. nov.) are described.     

Bryophytes of St Helena,South Atlantic Ocean. 4. Kurzia nemoides (Hook.f. et Taylor) Grolle and Lepidozia africana Steph. (Jungermanniales,Lepidoziaceae) described from the island

Abstract

The little known species Kurzia nemoides (Hook.f. et Taylor) Grolle and Lepidozia africana Steph. (Lepidoziaceae) are described and illustrated from St Helena, South Atlantic Ocean. Details are given of their distributions on the island, and the differences between related species are discussed. This is the first report of the genus Lepidozia from St Helena.     

Notes on Porella inaequalis (Gott,ex Steph.) H. Perss

Morphological aspects of Porella inaequalis (Gott, ex Steph.) H. Perss. an endemic species of Madeira are presented. For the first time the gynoecium is described. Androecia and sporophyte remain unknown. Some ecological details are given and the distribution of the species is mapped.