反义寡核苷酸对K562细胞的抑制作用及诱导细胞凋亡的研究

目的研究bcr-abl硫代磷酸反义寡脱氧核糖核酸(Aspo)作用于K562细胞后,对细胞mRNA、蛋白水平的影响,以及诱导细胞凋亡情况。方法Aspo与K562细胞共培养后,用流式细胞仪检测P210蛋白表达及细胞凋亡率,RT-PCR半定量检测bcr-ablmRNA表达情况,电镜观察细胞凋亡的形态学改变。结果K562细胞经浓度大于5μmol/Lbcr-ablAspo处理24h,流式细胞仪检测细胞P210蛋白表达下调甚至完全受抑制,10μmol/Lbcr-ablAspo作用48h,细胞bcr-ablmRNA下降45%左右,当细胞初始浓度为1×104/ml时,Aspo作用120h细胞凋亡率20%～30%,当细胞数增加至1×105/ml时,Aspo作用48h即可使30%细胞发生凋亡,电镜下观察到典型凋亡细胞形态学改变。结论bcr-abl反义核酸对K562细胞mRNA水平具有抑制作用,同时还可诱导细胞凋亡。     

IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞凋亡

本文应用流式细胞分选仪和电子显微镜研究了IL-3和羟基脲对人红白血病细胞株(K562细胞)凋亡的影响.结果显示IL-3和羟基脲分别诱导K562细胞,不能引起细胞凋亡;而IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞,可以引起细胞凋亡.用流式细胞仪检测到IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞后,DNA含量低于二倍体的细胞数达31.90%,并产生明显的凋亡小峰.同时,IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导K562细胞,可抑制细胞周期中的S期,阻止细胞从S期进入G2/M期,使细胞周期延长,对K562细胞的生长和增殖具有抑制作用.在电镜下可观察到IL-3和羟基脲协同诱导的K562细胞,出现典型的凋亡细胞形态,细胞核内染色质浓缩、凝聚,紧靠在核膜边沿,形成新月形或环状的染色质结构,产生凋亡小体.提示IL-3和羟基脲具有协同效应,IL-3可提高K562细胞对羟基脲的敏感性,并可协同羟基脲诱导K562细胞凋亡.     

江浙蝮蛇蛇毒中抗肿瘤蛋白的分离纯化及活性研究

利用离子交换和凝胶过滤层析等分离技术从江浙蝮蛇蛇毒中分离纯化到一种抗肿瘤蛋白,经SDS-聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳检测其分子量为58．2ku。MTT法测定该蛋白对K562细胞的LC50为4．96μg／mL,电子显微镜观察其能引起K562细胞的凋亡,琼脂糖凝胶电泳可见典型的DNA梯状条带,实验结果表明该蛋白对K562细胞有明显的抑制作用。     

青蒿素诱导人白血病细胞K562凋亡的线粒体机制

目的:探讨青蒿素诱导人白血病细胞K562凋亡的线粒体机制.方法:用青蒿素处理K562细胞.通过MTT比色法检别细胞增殖抑制的效果;荧光显微镜观察细胞的凋亡;流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)进行细胞周期分析;Western-blotting测定药物作用前后线粒体、细胞浆细胞色素C的表达.结果:青蒿素抑制K562细胞的增殖,IC5D为1.5× 10-5mol·L-1;Hoechst33342/PI双荧光染色可观察到明显的核浓缩、凝集等细胞凋亡表现;流式细胞仪检测G2期细胞比例增高,S期减少;Western-blotting检测药物处理细胞后线粒体细胞色素C表达水平下调,细胞浆出现明显细胞色素C蛋白条带.结论:青蒿素可能通过线粒体细胞色素C途径诱导K562细胞凋亡.     

人参皂甙Rg1对人慢性粒细胞白血病p210 bcr/abl融合蛋白表达的影响

目的:研究人参皂甙Rg1对人慢性髓细胞白血病敏感株K562细胞p210 ber/abl融合蛋白表达的影响.方法:体外培养K562细胞,经人参皂甙Rg1处理不同时间后,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡;用Western印迹技术检测细胞内p210ber/abl融合蛋白表达.结果:人参皂甙Rg1可诱导细胞凋亡,凋亡率并随时间延长而升高;人参皂甙Rg1可下调p210 bcr/abl蛋白表达量,并具时间依赖性.结论:人参皂甙Rg1可通过降低p210 ber/abl蛋白水平来诱导K562细胞凋亡,达到有效抗人慢性髓细胞白血病的效果.     

氨基葡萄糖硫酸盐诱导凋亡中Cathepsin D与Bcl-xL的细胞内共定位研究

目的:探讨氨基葡萄糖硫酸盐(Glucosamine Sulfate,GS)诱导K562细胞凋亡中溶酶体Cathepsin D释放后与Bcl-xL的细胞内共定位关系。方法:采用5.0mmol.L-1 GS诱导K562细胞凋亡,通过HE染色和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,应用免疫荧光染色结合激光共聚焦显微镜观察5.0mmol.L-1 GS诱导凋亡前后Cathepsin D与Bcl-xL的细胞内共定位关系。结果:GS诱导K562细胞72小时后出现细胞凋亡的形态改变,流式细胞仪检测表明细胞出现凋亡,诱导凋亡后的Cathepsin D与Bcl-xL的细胞内共定位信号增强。结论:GS诱导K562细胞凋亡后Cathepsin D与Bcl-xL存在细胞内共定位关系,具备一定相互作用的空间基础。     

鱼呼肠孤病毒诱导草鱼肾细胞凋亡

采用荧光显微镜、电子显微镜、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、流式细胞仪分析等技术研究鱼呼肠孤病毒诱导草鱼细胞（ＣＩＫ）调亡。结果显示,鱼呼肠孤病毒感染ＣＩＫ细胞后,光镜下可见空斑形成;荧光染色观察到细胞调亡碎裂核;且电镜下呈现细胞核裂解,核周裂隙增大,细胞膜内陷并出泡形成调亡小体现象;琼脂糖凝胶电泳出现１８０－２００ｂｐ整数倍的ＤＮＡ梯形带;流式细胞仪检测到典型的细胞调亡峰,在病毒感染４８ｈ,细胞调亡百分率达１５     

烷化溶血磷脂ET—18—OCH3对K562细胞作用的研究

为研究烷化溶血磷脂ET－18－OCH3（ALP）的抗白血病效果。本文以K562细胞为研究对象,通过台蓝拒染法测定ALP作用后K562细胞的生长抑制率和生长曲线;甲基纤维素半固体培养法测定克隆原细胞的存尖率;流式细胞仪检测K562细胞P210蛋白表达;TR－PCR半定量法测定细胞的bcr-abl mRNA;采用流式细胞仪进行DNA 及是民镜观察细胞形态学改变。结果显示,K562细胞经ALP处理后细胞生长明显受抑制,呈作用时间和剂量的依赖性,IC50为31.6(24h),22.3(48h),14.8(72h)μg/ml;细胞增殖速度显著降低,克隆原细胞存活曲线呈指数型,而正常对照组细胞的CFU－GM则未受影响;ATP还可使KT562细胞P210及bcr-abl mRNA水平下调,并有诱导细胞凋亡的作用,说明ALP对K562细胞生长具有明显抑制作用,并有诱导细胞凋亡的作用,提示ALP具有一定的抗白血病效应。     

浙江蝮蛇毒诱导人白血病Jurkat细胞凋亡的体外实验研究

蛇毒含有多种酶类和不同生理与药理活性蛋白。经研究证实它具有抗肿瘤作用 ,能对多种肿瘤细胞有杀伤和抑制作用。作者为研究浙江蝮蛇毒诱导人白血病 Jurkat细胞凋亡作用并探讨其机理 ,采用 MMT法测定半数抑制浓度( IC50 )及生长曲线 ,用流式细胞仪 ( FCM) AnnexinV FITC/PI法检测细胞凋亡率 ,PI染色法检测细胞周期 ,用流式细胞计 FCM及 Western- blot检测Jurkat细胞 Bcl- 2蛋白表达。结果 :浙江蝮蛇毒处理后 Jurkat细胞生长受到明显抑制 ,且呈剂量依赖关系。 48h IC50 值为 ( 9.78± 0 .38) μg/ml。给浙江蝮蛇毒 5μg/ml能诱导…     

人外周血T淋巴细胞凋亡与胀亡研究及地塞米松的诱导作用

目的:观察分离培养的人外周血T淋巴细胞的调亡与胀亡.方法:密度梯度离心法及尼龙棉柱法分离健康成年人外周血T淋巴细胞,分空白组及地塞米松(DXM)组,培养后观察细胞光镜及电镜形态学、FDA/P1荧光染色,并用流式细胞仪检测凋亡和胀亡细胞比例变化.结果:①人外周血T淋巴细胞经体外培养,可自然出现典型的细胞凋亡与胀亡形态学改变.②人外周血T淋巴细胞在地塞米松诱导作用下,凋亡率与胀亡率皆有显著增高.③随着培养时间的增加人T淋巴细胞凋亡与胀亡率亦有升高.结论:人外周血T淋巴细胞存在凋亡与胀亡现象,DXM可诱导人外周血T淋巴细胞凋亡与胀亡.     

江浙蝮蛇(Agkistrodon halys Pallas)蛇毒神经生长因子的分离纯化和特性

神经生长因子（ｎｅｒｖｅ ｇｒｏｗ ｔｈ ｆａｃｔｏｒ, Ｎ Ｇ Ｆ）是第一个被发现,也是迄今为止研究得最为清楚的一种神经营养因子 利用 Ｐ Ｃ１２ 细胞生物活力测定为跟踪检测手段,分别经过 Ｃ Ｍ Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ Ｃ Ｌ ６ Ｂ、 Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ ７５ 及 Ｆ Ｐ Ｌ Ｃ ｍ ｏｎｏ Ｓ层析,从３０ ｇ 江浙蝮蛇粗毒中分离纯化到２００ μｇ Ｎ Ｇ Ｆ,纯化倍数高达１０５经 Ｓ Ｄ Ｓ Ｐ Ａ Ｇ Ｅ 测定,该蛋白分子量为 ２６ ｋ Ｄ,由两个亚基通过二硫键交联组成二体形式等电聚焦显示其等电点为６７,与氨基酸组成分析结果相吻合 江浙蝮蛇神经生长因子的生物活力水平与小鼠２５ Ｓ Ｎ Ｇ Ｆ相当,在１～１００ μｇ／ Ｌ 的浓度范围内维持 Ｐ Ｃ１２ 细胞在无血清条件下的存活     

Apoptosis induction in human leukemic cells by a novel protein Bengalin,isolated from Indian black scorpion venom: Through mitochondrial pathway and inhibition of heat shock proteins

Scorpion venom possesses protein toxins having numerous biological activities, some of which are potentially anticancerous. Previously we had reported antiproliferative activity of the venom of Indian black scorpion, Heterometrus bengalensis Koch. Here we have isolated and purified a novel protein named Bengalin (72 kDa) from the venom, responsible for antiproliferative and apoptogenic activities against human leukemic cells U937 (histiocytic lymphoma) and K562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia). N-terminal sequence of first 20 amino acids of Bengalin was G-P-L-T-I-L-H-I-N-D-V-H-A-A/R-F-E-Q/G-F/G-N-T. Bengalin induced cell growth inhibition at IC₅₀ values of 3.7 and 4.1 μg/ml for U937 and K562 cells respectively did not significantly affect normal human lymphocytes. Inhibition of U937 and K562 cell proliferation occurred by apoptosis as evidenced from damaged nuclei, cell cycle arrest at sub G1 phase, increase of early apoptotic cells, augmentation of DNA fragmentation and also a reduction of telomerase activity. Further insights revealed that Bax:Bcl2 ratio was elevated after Bengalin treatment. Moreover Bengalin elicited loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) which commenced cytochrome c release in cytosol, decreased heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and 90 expression, activated caspase-9, caspase-3 and induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. We have also determined that HSP70 and 90 inhibitions correlated with Bengalin induced antiproliferation, caspase-3 upregulation, apoptogenesis and increased DNA fragmentation. These results hypothesize that Bengalin might provide a putative molecular mechanism for their anticancer effect on human leukemic cells which might be mediated by mitochondrial death cascade. Inhibition of HSPs might also play a crucial role in induction of apoptosis.     

白眉蝮蛇去整合素Adinbitor的基因克隆、表达及其部分生物学活性

为了寻找去整合素家族的新成员 ,研究其在抗血栓与抗肿瘤等方面的作用 ,从中国白眉蝮蛇毒腺中提取总RNA进行RT PCR扩增 ,获得了 2 19bp的白眉蝮蛇去整合素基因 .测序结果显示 ,其与韩国的同为蝮蛇去整合素的saxatilin的DNA序列同源性为 95 8% ,蛋白质序列同源性为 91 8% ,且蛋白质中含有去整合素的特征模体 RGD .将去整合素基因进行克隆、转化与诱导后 ,得到了该蛋白的可溶性高效表达 .经组氨酸亲和层析纯化 ,获得了分子量为 9kD的均质蛋白 ,并将其命名为adinbitor .活性测定结果显示 ,adinbitor能明显抑制由碱性成纤维细胞生长因子诱导的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞ECV30 4的增殖 ,诱导ECV30 4细胞发生凋亡 ,并且呈剂量依赖性方式抑制ADP诱导的人血小板聚集     

Isolation and characterization of an apoptotic and platelet aggregation inhibiting L-amino acid oxidase from Vipera berus berus (common viper) venom

An L-amino acid oxidase was isolated from the venom of the common viper Vipera berus berus by a three-step procedure combining gel filtration, ion exchange and hydrophobic chromatography. The enzyme is a non-covalently bound homodimer with a monomeric molecular mass of 57.7 kDa. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and the internal peptide sequences show close structural homology with other snake venom L-amino acid oxidases. The purified protein catalyzed oxidative desamination of L-amino acids, the most specific substrate is L-Phe. The best substrates among the studied 20 amino acids were: L-Met, L-Leu, L-Phe, L-Ile, L-Arg and L-His. Five amino acids, L-Ser, L-Pro, Gly, L-Thr and L-Cys, were not oxidized. The enzyme inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation dose-dependently with an IC50 of 0.07 microM. The effect was neutralized by catalase. V. berus berus LAAO induced apoptosis in cultured HeLa and K562 cells as shown by DNA fragmentation gel pattern. The induction of apoptosis was inhibited by catalase.     

Inhibitory effect of phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis on the growth of human leukemia K562 cells

The effect of phycocyanin from Spirulinaplatensis on the growth of human chronic myelogenousleukemia-blast crisis K562 cells was studied bysemi-solid agar assay and cell viability measurement. Phycocyanin significantly inhibited the growth of K562cells in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value ofthe phycocyanin was 72.5 mg L^-1. After the K562cells were cultured with phycocyanin for 6 days, flowcytometric assays showed that more K562 cells wereblocked to progress through S-phase and arrested at G1phase. DNA fragmentation assay indicated that therewas no ladder of DNA fragments of approximately 200-bpmultiples, indicating that apoptosis had not occurred. Western blot analysis showed that Bcl-2 protein wasexpressed, but its level remained unchanged, whereasthe expression level of c-myc increased. Thesefindings suggest that phycocyanin may be able toinhibit the growth of K562 cells by pathways otherthan apoptosis, and that changed a expression patternof the c-myc protein may be involved in such inhibition.     

7-Hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon Carcinoma and Leukemia Cells Independently of p53

7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) is a more selective protein kinase C inhibitor than staurosporine. UCN-01 exhibits antitumor activity in experimental tumor models and is presently in clinical trials. Our study reveals that human myeloblastic leukemia HL60 and K562 and colon carcinoma HT29 cells undergo internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis after UCN-01 treatment. These three cell lines lack functional p53, and K562 and HT29 cells are usually resistant to apoptosis. DNA fragmentation in HT29 and K562 cells occurred after 1 day of treatment while it took less than 4 h in HL60 cells. Cycloheximide prevented UCN-01-induced DNA fragmentation in HT-29 cells, but not in HL60 and K562 cells, suggesting that macromolecular synthesis is selectively required for apoptotic DNA fragmentation in HT29 cells. UCN-01-induced DNA fragmentation was preceded by activation of cyclin B1/cdc2 kinase. Further studies in HL60 cells showed that UCN-01-induced apoptosis was associated with degradation of CPP32, PARP, and lamin B and that the inhibitor of caspases (ICE/CED-3 cysteine proteases), Z-VAD-FMK, and the serine protease inhibitor, DCI, protected HL60 cells from UCN-01-induced DNA fragmentation. However, only DCI and TPCK, but not Z-VAD-FMK, inhibited DNA fragmentation in the HL60 cell-free system, suggesting that serine protease(s) may play a role in the execution phase of apoptosis in HL60 cells treated with UCN-01. Z-VAD-FMK and DCI also inhibited apoptosis in HT29 cells. These data demonstrate that the protein kinase C inhibitor and antitumor agent, UCN-01 is a potent apoptosis inducer in cell lines that are usually resistant to apoptosis and lack p53 and that caspases and probably serine proteases are activated during UCN-01-induced apoptosis.     

江浙蝮蛇毒精氨酸酯酶Agkihpin的研究Ⅰ.分离纯化和初步表征

江浙蝮蛇毒中存在有多种精氨酸酯酶,其中有多种已被纯化,本研究应用离子交换和凝胶过滤等方法,新分离纯化了一种精氨酸酯酶,命名为Agkihpin,分子量约为25．46KDa,等电点约为7．43,含235个氨基酸残基,糖蛋白染色阴性,是单链蛋白,对TAME的最适pH为8．2。     

Induction of apoptosis in human leukemia K562 cells by cardiotoxin III

Cardiotoxin III (CTX III), a basic polypeptide with 60 amino acid residues isolated from Naja naja atra venom, has been reported to have anticancer activity. CTX III was found to inhibit the growth of K562 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 1.7 microg/ml, and it displayed several features of apoptosis including apoptotic body formation, increase of sub G1 population, DNA fragmentation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Investigation of the mechanism of CTXIII--induced apoptosis revealed that the treatment of K562 cells with CTX III resulted in the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and subsequent cleavage of its substrate PARP and that CTXIII was also associated with an early release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. These results suggest that CTX III may induce apoptosis through a mitochondria- and caspase-dependent mechanism.     

Induction of apoptosis in human leukemia K562 cells by cyclic lipopeptide from Bacillus subtilis natto T-2

A new cyclic lipopeptide (CLP) purified from Bacillus subtilis natto T-2 dose dependently inhibited growth in human leukemia K562 cells. The results of fluorescent staining indicated that CLP brought about apoptosis in K562 cells. Flow cytometric analysis also demonstrated that CLP caused dose-dependent apoptosis of K562 cells through cell arrest at G1 phase. Western blotting revealed that CLP-induced apoptosis in K562 cells was associated with caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) protein. It is estimated that CLP inhibited proliferation in K562 cells by inducing apoptosis.