啤酒花茎段培养及快速繁殖技术研究

以啤酒花的幼嫩茎段作为外植体,研究出理想的一次性成苗培养基：ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．０１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋琼脂６．５ｇ／Ｌ＋葡萄糖２％。试管苗月增殖率４．２,生根率１００％,成苗率９０％。采用试管苗微扦插的方式进行快速繁殖,经锻炼后直接移入经改造后的土壤中,移栽成活率达９３．８％。     

白木香组织培养技术及植株再生的研究

本研究利用白木香无菌种苗顶芽为外植体,研究不同激素配比对芽诱导和生根的影响,获得一套白木香快速繁殖技术。结果表明:赤霉素能提高白木香种子的发芽率,最适合种子萌发的培养基为A3:MS+GA31.0 mg/L;最适合白木香顶芽诱导丛生芽的培养基为B3:MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1+KT 0.5 mg/L;最适合白木香组培苗生根的培养基为C3:1/2MS+IBA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L。本研究为实现今后白木香的工厂化生产奠定了一定基础。     

阴道加德纳菌生物型与细菌性阴道病的关系

对１２０例细菌性阴道病患者和９０例正常对照组进行阴道加德纳菌的分离鉴定,同时采用Ｐｉｏｔ分型法对分离出的９３株Ｇｖ进行生物分型,结果显示ＢＶ患者Ｇｖ的检出率（５９．２％）明显高于正常对照组（２４．４％）,Ｐ〈０．０１。９３株Ｇｖ中,８个生物型全检测到,其中１型２３．７％,２型１８．３％,４型３２．３％,６型１０．８％,３型和５型均为５．４％,７型和８型为２．２％。ＢＶ患者主要为１、２、４型,显著高于正常对照组（８７．３％和３１．８％,Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

广州地区急性散发性HEV毒株基因特征和生物学性状的研究

利用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术对我国广州地区急性性戊型肝炎病毒细胞培养分离株Ｇ９３－１、Ｇ９３－２、Ｇ９３－３和Ｇ９３－４基因组聚合酶区部分核苷序列进行检测,ＰＣＲ阳性产物经纯化、克隆后测定。结果Ｇ９３－１、Ｇ９３－３和Ｇ９３－４株病毒的这段序列完全相同,且与我国新疆暴发流行的ＨＥＶ８７Ａ株及ＨＥＶ代表株的同源性为１００％;而Ｇ９３－２株与它们的差异较大,同源性只有７９．９％;但是,它与１９９７年厦门地区急     

不同控制条件下棉铃虫自然种群生命表研究

用作用因子组建的种群生命表方法组建了４种不同控制措施下的第３、４代棉铃虫自然种群生命表。结果表明,自然条件下第３、４代棉铃虫卵的寄生率分别为４．９３％、１．１９％,被捕食率平均２１．１１％和１５．８０％。第３、４代幼虫寄生率分别为１９．３４％、１６．２０％。结果表明,第３、４代棉铃虫自然种群增长指数分别仅为０．１９２１、０．１２２８;采用选择性杀虫剂ＩＫＩ和Ｂｔ制剂组合防治棉铃虫后。第３、４代种群     

超滤法和盐析法粗提基因工程干扰素其比活的比较

我们的工作是应用ＹＦ２ＰＳＫ３１Ｒ型超滤器超滤粗提基因工程干扰素,并与盐析法对比。超滤法简便快速条件温和,超滤后干扰素平均收率为９３．９５％±２．４８％,盐析法则为７５．９３％±３．９％,前者比后者提高１８．０２％,差异显著。比活前为：４．４５５Ｅ６±７．５８Ｅ５ＩＵ／ｍｇ蛋白,后者为：１．６１１７Ｅ６±２．０７９Ｅ５ＩＵ／ｍｇ蛋白,差异也是显著的     

白木香种子脱水耐性的发育变化及贮藏特性

研究白木香种子发育进程中种子性状、萌发能力和脱水耐性的变化,以及不同光温条件对种子萌发的影响和种子的贮藏特性。结果表明：白木香种子在花后78d获得最大干重,进入生理成熟期,此时萌发率接近最大值;胚在花后57～85d,脱水耐性逐渐增强,并在花后85d获得最大脱水耐性。种子萌发的适宜温度范围为25℃-35℃,光照对种子萌发有一定的抑制作用。新鲜自木香种子（含水量27．45％）在4℃低温条件下贮藏1个月后萌发率仅为30％左右,而含水量7．38％的干燥种子在4℃低温条件下贮藏120d,萌发率仍有53．33％,因此,4℃低温和适度脱水有利于种子短期贮藏。白木香种子能忍耐一定程度的脱水,但干燥至含水量7．50％以下时种子会发生损伤,因此推测白木香种子是一种中间性种子。     

尿酸酶—一鲁米诺化学发光传感器

研制了依赖于鲁米诺化学发光反应和固定化尿酸酶柱的测定血清尿酸的生物传感器。其测定血清样品响应时间４７ｓ。测定每份样品需时１．５ｍｉｎ,样品体积１７ｕｌ。工作曲线的线性范围１￣２０ｍｇ／ｄｌ。批内不精密度３．２２％￣４．３６％;批间６．１８％￣７．８％。测定值回收率为９３％￣１０９％。与医院常规酶试剂盒方法比较相关系数ｒ＝０．９９０９。固定化尿酸酶柱室温使用,４℃冰箱保存,连续使用５个半月测定样品２     

圈养条件下白唇鹿行为观察

１９９８年３～４月,我们对圈养条件下白唇鹿行为进行了研究,发现雌雄间没有亲密行为发生,攻击行为也较少（只占５．９３％）。而攻击行为主要表现于雄雄间（６２．２２％）、雌雌间（３１．８３％）。雌雄性个体对外界干扰因子均比较敏感。     

草兔的年龄鉴定和种群结构分析

根据１９９１年２－１０月猎自晋东南的２１２只和１９９０－１９９２年狩猎季节猎自山西和陕西省各地的１５１０只草兔眼晶体重的分布规律并参照繁殖资料,确定２２５毫克为区别１年以下及其以上个体的临界重量。秋－冬季种群中,当年兔占８６．３（７２．２－９３．５）％;随着繁殖季节的推移,当年兔的比例逐渐增加。在４０１１只标本中,雌性占５２．３％;其中１２２６只幼体和１９５只成体中分别有雌性５２．４％和５４．４％。在２－９月所获的９１只当年兔有雌性５０．５％,而成体中雌性则有５８．２％。     

The use of live apes in research in the twenty-first century

A literature-based survey was conducted on the use of live apes in research between 2000 and 2003. The 599 studies identified and considered were grouped according to area of research, taxonomy and geographic location of the work. The results suggested that behaviour/cognition, conservation and various applications related to virology (most notably, hepatitis and HIV) were the most frequent areas of research. Of the studies, 73% were classified as non-invasive, whereas 27% were classified as invasive. Among the invasive studies, 39% were scored as of mild severity, and 61% were scored as of moderate/substantial severity. Pan species were involved in 65% of the studies, Gorilla species in 15%, Pongo species in 12%, and Hylobates species in 8%. Most of the invasive research was conducted in the USA (60%). The majority of the non-invasive research was conducted in the USA (31%), Japan (13%), or in the animals natural habitats in Africa (35%) and Asia (8%).     

The macro nutrient removal efficiencies of a vertical flow constructed wetland fed with demineralized cheese whey powder solution

This study aims to remove the macro-sized nutrients that are present in the cheese whey powder solution through the use of constructed wetland systems. For this purpose, 70% and 40% demineralized solutions of cheese whey powder were used. For both concentrations, control reactors are run in parallel with Typha angustifolia planted reactors for the duration of a 92 day period. Zeolite and gravel were used as the filling material. The planted reactor, which was fed with the 70% solution, was named as Cheese Whey Powder Solution (CWPS) 1 and its unplanted control was named CWPS 2 while the reactor, which was fed with the 40% solution, was named as CWPS 3 and its unplanted control was named CWPS 4. The removal of COD, PO4-P and NH4-N were obtained as 37.47%, 45.62%, and 68.88% in CWPS 1; 24.89%, 35.74%, and 63.15% in CWPS 2; 51.15%, 54.96%, and 64.13% in CWPS 3; and 28.35%, 23.99%, and 65.92% in CWPS 4, respectively.     

Polysaccharide and glycolipid composition in Tritrichomonas foetus

1. The polysaccharide and glycolipid composition in Tritrichomonas foetus was studied by paper, thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic analysis. 2. The carbohydrate components of the polysaccharide were glucose (47%), galactose (34%) and mannose (19%). N-acetylneuraminic acid was the sialic acid derivative characterized in the flagellate whole cells. 3. The sialic acid density was estimated as 2.7 x 10(7) residues/cell. 4. The long-chain base dihydrosphingosine, the carbohydrates galactose (67%), glucose (21%) and mannose (12%) as well as the fatty acids myristic (48%) and palmitic (52%) acids were characterized as components of the total glycolipids of T. foetus. 5. Total glycolipids were fractionated: a galactocerebroside and a ganglioside were identified.     

Effect of carbimazole induced hypothyroidism and thyroxine replacement on the growth of the long bones in albino rats of different age groups

To evaluate the effect of carbimazole induced hypothyroidism and thyroxine replacement, on the growth of long bones of albino rats of different age groups. Experimental albino rats were developed with carbimazole and carbimazole plus thyroxine for a period of six weeks. At the end of the experiment the animals were sacrificed, fixed and processed to demonstrate the bony and cartilaginous parts. The ulna and tibia of both sides were measured for intact bone length & diameter and the data compared. The reduction in length and circumference observed, at the end of experiment, in ulna was 10.89%, & 11.94% and in tibia it was 12.52%, 14.81% in carbimazole treated group respectively, while in carbimazole plus thyroxin treated group the reduction in length & circumference of ulna was 1.37% & 1.88% and in tibia it was 1.86% & 3.08% respectively. They were compared to their age matched controls. The reduction in length and circumference in ulna was 5.58% & 6.25% and 6.42% and 5.88% in tibia respectively among the carbimazole treated animals while in the carbimazole plus thyroxine treated animals the reduction was only 0.63% and 3.12% in ulna and 0.91% and 1.06% in tibia respectively. The results show that hypothyroidism and its replacement therapy affects the endochondral as well as periosteal bone growth and results in reduction in length as well as circumference of long bones.     

Essential oil composition of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. aerial parts

The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Tunisian endemic Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra (Clusiaceae) was analyzed using GC and GC-MS. One hundred and nine compounds consisting of 92.2% of total detected constituents were identified. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the main constituents (59.37%), Alpha-humulene, cis-calamenene, delta-cadinene, bicyclogermacrene, eremophilene, betacaryophyllene and (E)-gamma-bisabolene were found as the main ones. Alpha-pinene (10.33%) was detected as the main monoterpene hydrocarbons (12.19%). The oxygenated sesquiterpenes constituted (9.33%); caryophyllene oxide (1.38%) was reported as the main constituent of this fraction. The oxygenated monoterpenes were weakly represented (4.62%) and consisted of constituents in low percentages (<1%).     

卤代海因复合保鲜剂对蜜桔的保鲜实验

以二溴海因或溴氯海因为杀菌剂、硬脂酸单甘酯和吐温-80乳液为涂膜剂和分散剂制备的复合保鲜剂,用于蜜桔杀菌保鲜实验,研究了贮存保鲜条件、保鲜过程中营养成分变化,讨论了复合保鲜剂的稳定性。结果表明：含有0.03％（质量分数）的二溴海因和0.05％（质量分数）溴氯海因的复合保鲜剂即可达到较好的保鲜效果：贮藏50d后好果率为95％左右,三个月后好果率分别可达到85.2％和81.2％;贮藏水果营养物质损失少,果实饱满。     

黑曲霉固态发酵及酶解玉米皮

以玉米提取淀粉后的玉米皮渣为主要原料,采用黑曲霉固态发酵法产酶再酶解的二步法降解玉米皮中纤维素类物质。经Plackett-Burman法及响应面设计优化发酵条件得:温度30℃,接种量10%,初始水分体积分数60%,物料厚度2.47 cm,初始pH 5.79,发酵时间6 d;滤纸比酶活可达11.01 U/g,较原始酶活提高了40.61%;产酶结束后加入pH 4.8醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲液,置于50℃下酶解144 h,中性洗涤纤维与酸性洗涤纤维降解率分别为46.09%、48.82%,还原糖质量分数达到9.02%。     

The inadequate smear: does it matter?

The objective of this study was to quantify the incidence of underlying cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) among women referred for colposcopy with three consecutive inadequate smears. The design was a retrospective cohort study analysing data from a regional colposcopy database at Cervical Screening Wales. Women who were referred to all the colposcopy clinics in Wales with three consecutive inadequate smears, the third inadequate smear being taken between 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2002 constituted the study population. The results of the fourth smear taken at the colposcopy clinic after three consecutive inadequate smears, the worst biopsy results from any of the subsequent colposcopies and the relationship between the result of the fourth smear taken at colposcopy clinic and any histology result were the main outcome measures. The accuracy of the colposcopic opinion was also examined. Of the 433 women identified as having been referred because of three consecutive inadequate smears, 302 were linked to either a subsequent smear and/or a biopsy result. An adequate smear result was available for 85% of these women when the smear was taken in the colposcopy clinic; 77% were reported as negative and 8% were abnormal. Of the 347 women seen in the colposcopy clinic, high-grade CIN was seen in 3% and low-grade lesion in 8%. The sensitivity and specificity of the fourth inadequate smear test in predicting underlying CIN were 15% and 84% respectively, with a positive predictive value of 8%. The sensitivity and specificity of colposcopy in predicting histological CIN among patients with three inadequate smears was 70% and 49%, respectively, and the positive predictive value was 44%. This study raises the question as to whether three consecutive inadequate smears should be considered as an indication for colposcopy, or merely for a further smear to be taken in circumstances where there is a greater likelihood getting an adequate result.     

Plasma lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides and lipoprotein lipase activity in epididymal white adipose tissue of rats fed high sucrose or high corn oil diets

The present study was undertaken to compare plasma lipoprotein lipid composition, as well as white adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity, in rats fed purified diets high in either sucrose or corn oil. The experimental diets (65% of calories as sucrose or corn oil, 15% as the opposite nutrient, and 20% as casein) were given ad libitum for 4 weeks. An additional group was fed a nonpurified diet as a reference diet. Both sucrose and oil diets were spontaneously consumed in isocaloric amounts by the animals. Despite energy intakes that were 35% lower than that of the reference group, the sucrose and oil groups exhibited final body weights that were only 6 and 9% lower, respectively, than that of the reference group, and accumulated more fat in the epididymal depots. Postprandial as well as fasting total cholesterol levels were similar in the sucrose and oil groups, while the high-density lipoprotein to total cholesterol ratio was highest in the animals fed corn oil. In both the fasted and fed states, plasma total triglyceride levels were 73% higher in the sucrose group than in the corn oil group. The largest triglyceride differences due to diet were observed in the chylomicron + very-low-density lipoprotein fraction. The oil-fed rats accumulated large amounts of triglycerides in their livers. Postprandial lipoprotein lipase activity in epididymal adipose tissue was almost twice as high in the sucrose group as in the oil group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Estimation of carboxylic acid metabolite of clopidogrel in Wistar rat plasma by HPLC and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

A new HPLC method was developed for the estimation of carboxylic acid metabolite of clopidogrel bisulfate in rat plasma using atorvastatin as internal standard. Plasma samples were extracted with a mixture of ethyl acetate and di-chloro methane (80:20, v/v) followed by subsequent reconstitution in a mixture of water:methanol:acetonitrile (40:40:20, v/v). The chromatographic separation was achieved with gradient elution on Kromasil ODS, 250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d., 5 microm analytical column maintained at 30 degrees C. Carboxylic acid metabolite of clopidogrel as well as the internal standard were detected at a wavelength of 220 nm. The method was validated as per USFDA guidelines. Calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 125.0-32,000 ng/ml and the correlation coefficient was better than 0.999. The extraction efficiency for the carboxylic acid metabolite of clopidogrel was more than 85.76%. The intra-day accuracy ranged from 98.9% to 101.5% with a precision of 1.30% to 6.06%. Similarly, the inter-day accuracy was between 96.2% and 101.1% with a precision of 3.47% to 4.30%. The drug containing plasma samples were stable at -70 degrees C for 48 days and at ambient temperature for 24h. In the auto-sampler maintained at 15 degrees C, the processed and reconstituted samples were stable for 35 h. The drug containing frozen plasma samples were stable enough to with stand three freeze thaw cycles. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the two different polymorphs of clopidogrel bisulfate in Wistar rat.