连翘苷对小鼠减肥作用的显微观察

为了研究连翘苷对肥胖小鼠脂肪细胞及空肠绒毛表面积的影响,采用高脂饲料建立小鼠肥胖模型,以小鼠脂肪细胞、空肠绒毛表面积大小的变化以及小鼠体重增长率,脂肪系数,全视野内脂肪数目等指标,观察连翘苷的减肥作用。结果显示,连翘苷可以使肥胖小鼠脂肪细胞直径变小,空肠绒毛表面积降低,体重增长率降低,脂肪系数变小,全视野内脂肪细胞数目增加。提示连翘苷对营养性肥胖小鼠有一定的减肥作用。     

灵芝子实体-益生菌发酵液对环磷酰胺诱发的肠黏膜损伤及菌群紊乱的调节作用

目的 建立灵芝子实体-益生菌发酵体系,并研究该发酵液对于环磷酰胺诱导的肠黏膜损伤及菌群紊乱的防治作用.方法 通过吸光度(A值)、多糖含量检测等方法评价嗜酸乳杆菌及短双歧杆菌在灵芝子实体提取液中的生长情况.将混合益生菌菌种与灵芝培养基进行共同发酵,发酵液用于对环磷酰胺诱导的肠黏膜损伤模型小鼠的治疗.结果 嗜酸乳杆菌、短双...     

虎乳灵芝液体发酵培养研究

目的:建立虎乳灵芝菌丝液体发酵培养方法。方法:采用改变培养基的pH和选择不同的碳源及氮源,通过比较虎乳灵芝菌丝的低温冷冻干燥重量,分别研究菌丝生长的最适培养基。结果:虎乳灵芝菌丝最适生长的液体培养基pH 6~7(中性微偏弱酸);菌丝生长的最好的液体培养基中的碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为酵母粉。结论:葡萄糖 酵母粉液体培养基可以作为虎乳灵芝菌丝大量发酵培养的培养基。     

灵芝提取液延缓皮肤衰老的实验研究

目的观察灵芝提取液延缓D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老小鼠皮肤衰老的作用。方法以D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老小鼠为模型,同时背部涂抹灵芝提取液,治疗42 d后,测定小鼠背部皮肤组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脂褐质(LF)含量、羟脯氨酸含量。结果灵芝提取液低、中、高剂量均能不同程度提高皮肤中SOD活力,降低MDA含量,减少LF含量,提高小鼠皮肤中羟脯氨酸的含量(P0.01,P0.05),且具有明显的量效关系。结论灵芝提取液具有延缓D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠的皮肤衰老作用。     

人工接种发酵茯砖茶降脂减肥作用研究

比较自然发酵与人工接种发酵茯砖茶对营养性肥胖大鼠的降脂减肥作用。结果表明与肥胖模型组比较,喂饲两类茯砖茶的大鼠体重、脂肪湿重、脂肪系数、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）等指标均低于肥胖模型组,而高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）则有明显提高。人工接种发酵茯砖茶与自然发酵茯砖茶均对营养性肥胖大鼠有降脂减肥作用,能显著改善大鼠的各项肥胖指标,人工接种发酵的茯砖茶在相关指标上均接近甚至优于自然发酵的茯砖茶。     

一种与肥胖有关的因子——减肥素

减肥素(Leptin),1994年被鉴定为一种与肥胖有关的基因产物,在肥胖品系小鼠ob/ob中该基因发生缺陷。给肥胖小鼠注射减肥素可使其恢复正常体重,这一进展曾经成为远远超出科学出版物的热门新闻。进一步研究证明体重减少是一个复杂的过程,与对减肥素或减肥素受体的应答减弱有关。 减肥素由脂肪组织产生,其在血浆中的浓度与体内脂肪量相关。给瘦鼠注射葡萄糖或胰岛素可上调减肥素mRNA的表达,而肥鼠则较不敏感。在缺乏功能     

番石榴叶提取物对高脂性肥胖小鼠的减肥降脂作用的研究

目的:研究番石榴叶提取物对小鼠肥胖模型的减肥、降脂作用。方法:①利用高脂饲料喂养,建立小鼠肥胖模型;②小鼠肥胖模型初步建立后,以体重、热量摄取、腹部脂肪系数、空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)为指标,通过普通饲料阴性组,阳性对照药非诺贝特给药组比较,探求番石榴叶提取物的减肥、降脂作用及其剂量依赖关系。结果:①与Nomal组比较,HFD组的小鼠体重、热量摄取、腹部脂肪系数、FBG、TG、TC、LDL-C显著增加;②给药后,3个剂量番石榴叶提取物组的小鼠体重、腹部脂肪系数、FBG、TG、TC、LDL-C均明显低于高脂饲料组,且呈显著或极显著差异,并与阳性对照组无明显差异;③3个剂量番石榴叶提取物组的减肥、降脂作用存在一定的效应-剂量关系,即LD组(50mg/Kg)MD组(100 mg/Kg)HD组(200 mg/Kg)。结论:番石榴叶60%乙醇提物对小鼠肥胖症和高脂血症有一定的预防和治疗作用,3个剂量组中HD组(200 mg/Kg)效果最好,可望开发为减肥降脂的纯天然药物。     

L-羟脯氨酸用于减肥的实验研究

用添加L -羟脯氨酸的饲料对营养性肥胖Wistar大鼠和昆明种小鼠进行实验 ,与对照组比较体重、体脂、血脂和摄食量的变化。结果表明L -羟脯氨酸能减少营养性肥胖大鼠的体重和体脂 ,降低血脂 ,且无毒 ,不影响食欲 ,在减肥方面有良好的发展前景。     

灵芝发酵茶降低小鼠血清总胆固醇作用简报

报道灵芝发酵茶降低小鼠血清总胆固醇含量作用。试验采用BABL／c雄性小鼠,按体重随机分组,设高、中、低三个剂量和对照组,高、中、低三个剂量的试验组每天分别以4．198g／kg、3．358g/kg、2．798g/kg三个剂量灌服灵芝发酵茶提取液一次,对照组每天则以生理盐水灌服1次,连续给药10d,每天喂养高脂饲料。末次给药30min后,采用酶法测定小鼠血清总胆固醇含量。结果中剂量组试验小鼠血清总胆固醇含量和体重与对照相比分别降低了37．1％和7．7％。试验表明一定剂量的灵芝发酵茶对小鼠血清总胆固醇含量和体重的降低有显著作用。     

甘蔗纤维固定灵芝菌丝及其在液体发酵中的应用

以甘蔗纤维作为灵芝菌丝固定载体,通过扫描电子显微镜观察确定载体固定时间,通过液体发酵灵芝菌丝球大小形态、生物量、胞外多糖和胞外三萜含量确定载体形状、大小与数量。结果表明,灵芝菌丝在载体上固定时间为7d,载体为1.5cm×1.5cm（直径×高度）的圆柱体小块（Y1.5）,接种数量6块,可连续稳定发酵7代。以甘蔗纤维固定发酵制备灵芝液体发酵种子,发酵后菌丝球大小均一,生物量、胞外多糖含量和三萜含量分别提高78%、84%和60%。     

口服肝素与小鼠肠道菌群的相互作用

口服肝素药物的开发需要系统地理解口服肝素与肠道菌群之间的互作过程。通过荧光体视镜观察荧光素标记的肝素经小鼠口服后在体内的分布情况,利用高效液相色谱法检测肝素在模拟胃肠液中的稳定性和体外培养肠道菌群模拟肠道菌对肝素的降解作用,发现口服肝素主要分布在小鼠胃肠道内,在体外模拟胃肠液条件下肝素结构稳定,但能够被添加肝素的厌氧培养基培养后的肠道菌群降解。为了进一步揭示口服肝素对健康小鼠肠道菌群的影响,利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术测定口服肝素后C57BL/6J小鼠粪便菌群的16S rRNA序列,与口服生理盐水的小鼠粪便菌群进行对比,发现口服肝素的小鼠粪便菌群的生物多样性降低;在门水平上,菌群结构差异不显著;而在属水平上,别样杆菌属Alistipes、副萨特氏菌属Parasutterella和艾克曼菌属Akkermansia相对丰度增高,而嗜胆菌属Bilophila、肠杆菌属Enterorhabdus、瘤胃梭菌属Ruminiclostridium、普雷沃氏菌科Prevotellaceae_UCG_001、瘤胃梭菌属Ruminiclostridium-9、拟杆菌属Bacteroides、Lachnoclostridium、Candidatus_Saccharimonas、Intestinimonas和Dubosiella的相对丰度减少,表明口服肝素能够影响小鼠肠道菌群结构。此外,实验发现口服肝素对小鼠无明显毒副作用,具有较高安全性。研究结果将为开发肝素口服递送策略提供新的思路,为口服肝素类药物的开发提供参考。     

凝结芽胞杆菌(TBC169)片治疗便秘的实验研究和临床疗效

目的观察凝结芽胞杆菌片（BC1）对便秘的药理作用和I临床疗效。方法昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为6组（每组10只）。BC1片（3个剂量）和BCz片治疗组小鼠口服BC。片和BC2片,空白对照组小鼠和模型对照组小鼠口服自来水,每天1次,共7d。之后,两治疗组和模型对照组小鼠在禁食12h后．均口服复方地芬诺酯（CDX）片,引发便秘。成人慢性便秘38例患者随机分为治疗组（20例）和对照组（18例）,分别口服BC1片和金双歧片（BG）,每天3次,共14～21d。结果BC1片能明显地减少便秘小鼠的首次排便时间（P〈0．05）和显著地增加大便粒数及重量（P〈0．05）。在临床试验中,治疗成人慢性便秘,BC1片的治愈率为45％,总有效率为70％,而相对的BG片分别为44％和72％,两药均未见不良反应或副作用。结论BC1片对小鼠实验性便秘和成人慢性便秘均有明显的治疗作用,在临床试验中未见不良反应或副作用。     

香菇C91-3菌株发酵液对副流感病毒和新城疫病毒血细胞吸附的抑制作用

目的探讨香菇C91-3菌株发酵液的抗病毒作用。方法应用香菇C91-3菌株发酵液不同稀释度分别作用于副流感病毒和新城疫病毒,观察其对血细胞吸附作用的影响。结果香菇C91-3菌株发酵液原液组和1:2稀释组对副流感病毒和新城疫病毒的血细胞吸附均有抑制作用。结论香菇C91-3菌株发酵液有明显的抗病毒作用。     

Effect of oral probiotics (Bifidobacterium lactis AD011 and Lactobacillus acidophilus AD031) administration on ovalbumin-induced food allergy mouse model

Recent study has demonstrated an increasing prevalence of food allergy in Korean children. Specific probiotic bacteria may promote potentially anti-allergenic processes through induction of Th1-type immunity and enhance the regulatory lymphocyte. This study investigated whether orally administrated probiotics could suppress allergic responses in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergy mouse model. Thus, female C3H/HeJ mice were orally sensitized with OVA and cholera toxin for 4 weeks. Lactobacillus acidophilus AD031, Bifidobacterium lactis AD011, and L. acidophilus AD031 plus B. lactis AD011 were fed to mice from 2 weeks before the sensitization. The OVA-induced mice that were not treated with probiotics had significantly increased serum levels of OVA-specific IgE and IgG1, and OVAspecific IgA in feces. However, the mice treated with probiotics suppressed production of the OVA-specific IgE, IgG1, and IgA. The level of IL-4 was significantly lower, and the levels of INF-gamma and IL-10 were significantly higher in the mice treated with probiotics than that in the nontreated mice. The groups treated with probiotics had decreased levels of degranulated mast cells, eosinophil granules, and tail scabs. These results indicate that L. acidophilus AD031 and B. lactis AD011 might be useful for the prevention of allergy.     

Immunological effects of partially hydrolyzed arabinoxylan from corn husk in mice

The effect of oral administration of partially hydrolyzed water-soluble corn husk arabinoxylan (CHAX), the average molecular weight of which is about 53 kDa, on immunopotentiating activity was investigated in mice. Oral administration of CHAX to healthy mice significantly augmented the production of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma with a slight increase in IL-4 in mitogen-induced proliferation of spleen cells. Natural killer (NK) cell activity in spleen cells from mice, which were transplanted tumor and administrated CHAX, was augmented about 2-fold. In model mice of atopic dermatitis, the average ear thickness of mice administrated CHAX was induced by dinitrophenyl-fluorobenzene (DNFB) after injection of an anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-IgE monoclonal antibody was much smaller than that in control animals. These results suggest that CHAX has the ability to increase the level of immunopotentiating activity without causing over response of immunological reaction even if it is administrated orally to mice.     

发酵蓝靛果汁抑菌作用实验研究

目的：观察发酵蓝靛果汁对各种不同细菌的抑菌作用。方法：以药敏试验管碟法检测三种不同浓度发酵蓝靛果汁（蓝靛果原汁,75%蓝靛果汁,50%蓝靛果汁）对10种细菌的抑菌效果。结果：三种不同浓度的发酵蓝靛果汁对10种细菌均有明显的抑制作用。结论：发酵蓝靛果汁具有广谱抗菌作用。     

Oral Administration of Live <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bifidobacterium</Emphasis> Substrains Isolated from Centenarians Enhances Intestinal Function in Mice

We studied the effects of two bifidobacteria strains isolated from healthy centenarians on intestinal function in mice. Bifidobacterium adolescentis BBMN23 and Bifidobacterium longum BBMN68 were orally administrated to specific pathogen-free BALB/c mice at different doses (2 × 10¹¹, 2 × 10⁹, or 2 × 10⁷ CFU/kg body weight) each day for 4 weeks. Villus height, crypt depth, villus width, and villus/crypt ratio (V/C) were determined. The content of duodenal secreted immunoglobulin A (sIgA) was also evaluated. There were clear increases in height and width of duodenal villi in both treated groups. Crypt depths were deeper in animals treated with BBMN23 than in controls, while depths were reduced in animals receiving BBMN68. The V/C ratio was increased after feeding with BBMN68, while BBMN23 had no significant effect. Both strains improved the sIgA content of the duodenum. These results suggest that BBMN23 and BBMN68 may improve intestinal digestion and ability and enhance immune barrier function in the intestine.     

钩藤散浸膏对小鼠记忆障碍模型的影响

目的观察钩藤散浸膏的益智作用。方法小鼠随机均分为6组,3个实验组每天灌胃高、中、低剂量的钩藤散浸膏,模型对照组与正常对照组每天灌胃蒸馏水(0.2 mL/10 g),阳性对照组每天给与茴拉西坦溶液(三乐喜,0.2 g生药/kg.bw),连续给药3周后,除正常对照组外,用东莨菪碱、亚硝酸钠、40%乙醇分别复制小鼠记忆获得障碍、记忆巩固障碍、记忆再现障碍模型,用Y型迷宫法测定小鼠训练和测试成绩。结果三种模型实验组的训练、测试成绩都显著好于模型对照组(P<0.01),记忆再现障碍模型的实验组测试成绩明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论钩藤散浸膏对各模型小鼠的记忆障碍皆有明显的改善作用,说明钩藤散浸膏有一定的益智作用。     

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel is effective in a murine model of experimental Cryptosporidium parvum

Cryptosporidiosis, a major health issue for neonatal calves, is caused by the parasite Cryptosporidium parvum, which is highly resistant to drug treatments. To date, many anti-parasitic drugs have been tested, but only a few have been shown to be partially effective in treating cryptosporidiosis. Previous studies have indicated that pomegranate (Punica granatum) possesses anti-plasmodium, anti-cestode, and anti-nematode activities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of P. granatum peel on suckling mice infected with experimental C. parvum. At 4days of age, 72 neonatal albino mice were randomly divided into five groups: G1: healthy controls, G2: infected/untreated controls, G3: uninfected/distilled water-treated, G4: uninfected/P. granatum peel-treated, and G5: infected/P. granatum peel-treated. Mice were experimentally-infected by oral administration of 1×10(3)C. parvum oocysts per animal. On day 7 post-inoculation (pi), treated mice received an aqueous suspension of P. granatum peel orally (3g/kg body weight). The presence of diarrhea, oocyst shedding, and weight gain/loss, and the histopathology of ileal sections were examined. Infected mice treated with the P. granatum peel suspension showed improvement in all parameters examined. Additionally, these mice did not exhibit any clinical symptoms and no deaths occurred. Oocyst shedding was very significantly reduced in the P. granatum-treated mice by day 14 pi (P<.05), and was completely eliminated by day 28 pi. The mean weight gain of the P. granatum-treated mice was significantly higher than that of the infected/untreated controls throughout the study (P<.01). Histopathological analysis of ileal sections further supported the clinical and parasitological findings. The histological architecture of villi from the P. granatum-treated mice on day 14 pi showed visible improvement in comparison with the infected/untreated controls, including renewed brush borders, reduced numbers of C. parvum trophozoites, and reduced lymphatic infiltration. On day 28 pi, tissues of the P. granatum-treated mice were very similar to those of healthy control mice. These results suggest that P. granatum peel is a promising anti-coccidial therapeutic treatment that lacks negative side effects.