戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白中和表位间的构象诱导

重组蛋白NE2包含了戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)衣壳蛋白(pORF2)的aa394～606片段.在NE2上已鉴定出了2个HEV中和表位,并获得了3个识别中和表位的单克隆抗体(MAb)8C11、13D8和8H3.这3个MAb间的交叉阻断ELISA实验发现,8C11和13D8可以彼此完全阻断,8H3对8C11和13D8均不能阻断,而8C11非但不能阻断8H3,反而显著增强了8H3与抗原的结合.用生物传感器进行的抗体与抗原结合的动力学分析也证实了这一现象.这些结果提示,在NE2上8H3表位区域受到抗原上某些结构的掩盖,而8C11与NE2的结合引起了抗原空间结构的改变,导致了掩盖8H3表位的结构的去除和8H3表位的充分暴露.免疫捕获RT-PCR发现,8C11同样可以显著增强8H3对天然HEV病毒的捕获能力,提示这种结合诱导的衣壳蛋白空间构象改变在天然HEV病毒颗粒上同样存在.     

抗戊型肝炎病毒单克隆抗体识别表位的初步研究

通过 Western blot、体外捕获PCR、ELISA阻断实验及合成的多肽库等方法,对23株抗戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)单克隆抗体(单抗)识别HEV ORF2表位的作用进行系统研究.结果显示,7株线性单抗识别表位都位于ORF2aa408～458之间,16株构象型单抗识别表位都定位于ORF2 aa459～606之间,大部分构象型单抗识别表位都在天然病毒表面.对这些单抗识别表位系统地了解将为HEV疫苗、诊断、病毒受体和病毒感染机制等方面的研究提供重要工具.     

应用噬菌体随机肽库技术筛选戊型肝炎病毒中和表位模拟肽

以识别戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）构象依赖性中和表位的单克隆抗体8C11、8H3作为固相筛选分子,对噬菌体随机7肽库进行4轮筛选后,随机挑取单克隆噬菌体进行测序。合成优势7肽序列基因,将其插入HBcAg-AA78-83位置之中,进行原核表达,所获重组蛋白经蛋白印迹实验证实可与相应单抗结合,电镜下可见重组蛋白能形成与HBcAg相似的类病毒颗粒。化学合成单抗8H3筛选出的优势7肽,所获7肽经生物传感器结合实验证实与单抗8H3结合。这些结果提示用噬菌体7肽库可以筛选出部分模拟构象性表位的短肽,为亚单位疫苗的研制提供了新的思路。     

表达轮状病毒SA11株Vp4的抗原表位诱导病毒中和抗体生成

以昆虫病毒Flockhousevirus（FHV）外壳蛋白为载体的外源抗原表位表达系统（FHV-RNA2载体系统）．在重组杆状病毒和重组pET系统中构建和表达了SA11Vp4胰酶切割位点两侧和重叠切割位点3个抗原表位氨基酸序列（抗原表位A,aa223~242;抗原表位B,aa243～262;抗原表位C,aa234～251）,并对其免疫原性进行了研究。结果表明：这3个抗原表位能诱导动物产生抗同源氨基酸序列的抗体和抗同源病毒（SA11）感染性的血清中和抗体。研究结果提示：RVVp4胰酶切割位点区氨基酸序列除了具有胰酶切割增强病毒感染力外,还具有诱导动物机体产生血清中和抗体的能力,是RV重组抗原表位亚单位疫苗研究中重要的抗原表位氨基酸序列。     

Y盒结合蛋白1单克隆抗体的研制、表位测定及其免疫学应用

建立稳定分泌抗人Y盒结合蛋白1单克隆抗体(anti-YB-1 mAb)的杂交瘤细胞株,鉴定其表位与免疫学应用。将重组YB-1蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾细胞与Sp2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合。经ELISA法筛选鉴定、定株后采用腹水诱生法制备anti-YB-1 mAb;Protein G亲和层析法纯化mAb,ELISA法测定mAb效价、亚型及相对亲和力。采用抗原表位预测法鉴定anti-YB-1 mAb识别表位所在区域。Western blot和免疫组化鉴定mAb识别内源性YB-1的特异性。经筛选鉴定获得2株稳定分泌anti-YB-1 mAb的杂交瘤细胞(1-D9,3-E8);腹水抗体效价均≥1×10-6,亚型均为IgGl;1-D9和3-E8单抗识别表位分别位于(134-160aa)与(266-303aa)肽段。Western blot、免疫组化结果证实anti-YB-1 mAb能特异性识别内源性YB-1。该研究为YB-1免疫学定性、定量检测方法的建立、肿瘤靶向抗体治疗及进一步探讨YB-1的生物学功能奠定了基础。     

猪瘟病毒糖蛋白E^rns中和表位的鉴定和比较

猪瘟病毒 (CSFV)囊膜结构糖蛋白Erns(gp4 8)是诱导机体产生中和抗体及激发保护性免疫应答的第二抗原蛋白。E2和Erns与细胞表面受体的相互作用介导CSFV感染细胞的过程。Erns具有RNA酶活性 ,影响病毒自身复制并涉及对病毒的中和效应。采用抗CSFValfortT櫣ｂｉｎｇｅｎ毒株Ｅｒｎｓ糖蛋白的 1B5 ,b4_2 2和 2 4 16单克隆中和抗体 ,筛选噬菌体展示的 12肽随机肽库 ,进行Erns中和表位的鉴定和比较 ,获得分别针对 1B5、b4_2 2和 2 4 16单克隆抗体的 3个主要中和表 (拟 )位基序WxNxxP、DKNR (Q)G和A(T)CxYxKN ,分别定位于Erns的 35 1位～ 35 6位或 348位～ 35 0位、384位～ 386及 32 2位～ 32 3位、380位～ 386位氨基酸区域。分析表 (拟 )位基序与单克隆抗体的免疫反应性差异。b4_2 2和 2 4 16单克隆抗体识别基序存在共有序列KN ,识别Erns中的相似抗原区 ,但其侧翼序列及免疫印迹、免疫荧光抗体抑制试验结果均存在显著差异     

戊型肝炎病毒高通量中和效价评价模型的建立

广泛有效的体外感染模型的缺乏限制了抗戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)抗体及血清定量化中和效价的评估,从而阻碍了对HEV相关抗体应答及免疫机制的深入研究。本研究首先通过在HEV低效复制细胞系HepG2肝癌细胞株上进行了HEV感染细胞后的连续监测,直到第13d到达病毒载量的检测下限,验证了该细胞系建立感染模型的可行性,进一步采用96孔多通道平行感染、核酸提取及实时荧光定量PCR对五株抗HEV的鼠源单克隆抗体及四位戊肝疫苗接种者的接种前、后血清样本进行了细胞中和试验。结果显示应用该模型能够实现对不同中和能力的单抗及接种疫苗前后的血清进行中和效价的定量化评估。表明本研究已成功建立了HEV体外高通量中和评价模型,同时也显示出该模型在HEV疫苗及抗体应答表位研究中所具有的潜在价值。     

H3N2流感病毒血凝素球状头部的保守中和表位

<正>一些针对流感病毒血凝素的中和抗体主要通过抑制血凝素和宿主细胞表面受体的结合而发挥作用,还有一些中和抗体可以阻止低p H介导的血凝素的构象改变,这种构象改变对膜融合是必须的。总的来说,前一种抗体主要结合在球状HA1的顶端,其针对的毒株特异性不强,而后一种抗体主要结合在HA2的中间,有较强的毒株特异性。在本研究中,我们分析了一种具有广泛中和作用的抗H3N2流感病毒的人源抗体F005-126的表位及功能。对     

戊型肝炎病毒第Ⅳ基因型特异性抗原表位的鉴定与定位

目的 研究戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)第Ⅳ基因型中国株开放阅读框架(ORF)2编码蛋白p166Chn的抗原表位特征.方法 制备HEV ORF2重组衣壳蛋白p166Chn的特异性单克隆抗体(McAb),进行中和活性鉴定,并利用7种HEV不同基因型p166重组蛋白以及22种N端或C端逐步截短的p166Chn进行酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测,确定McAb所识别抗原表位的性质和位置.结果 获得1株稳定分泌HEV McAb的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为B4.该McAb不与其他基因型p166重组蛋白反应,不能中和HEV对培养细胞的感染性,也不能竞争抑制已知中和性McAb与抗原p166Chn的结合,表明McAb B4所针对的抗原表位是HEV第Ⅳ基因型特异的非中和性抗原表位.此外,McAb B4能与截短蛋白pN452、pN460、pN462、pN463、pN464、pN465、pN466、pN468、pN470和pN472发生阳性反应,而与pN482、pN492、pC587、pC597、pC599、pC600、pC601、pC603、pC605、pC607、pN465-C601和pN460-C605均不反应.表明其可识别的抗原表位位于472～617位氨基酸,而且N端第472～482位氨基酸以及C端第607～617位氨基酸的1个或多个氨基酸对构成该抗原表位起着重要作用.结论 所发现的HEV第Ⅳ基因型特异性抗原表位是1个非中和性的构象依赖性表位,可定位于pORF2的第472～617位氨基酸.     

抗AAV2单克隆抗体的制备及特性研究

以纯化的重组AAV2病毒颗粒为抗原免疫小鼠,获得7株稳定分泌抗AAV2衣壳蛋白的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株,其中B10和G4两株单克隆抗体具有中和活性,抗体亚型分别为IgG1和IgG2a型。对这两株单克隆抗体与rAAV病毒结合的特性进行了研究。单克隆抗体B10和G4对rAAV2病毒颗粒的结合均具有良好的血清型特异性,并且这种特异结合作用不被肝素阻断。这两株抗体都不阻断AAV2病毒与敏感细胞的结合,提示它们与病毒颗粒的结合位点都不处于AAV2病毒与主要受体结合的部位内。Western blotting检测结果显示,B10与AAV2的三种衣壳蛋白VP1、VP2和VP3均能结合,而G4不能与AAV2的这三种衣壳蛋白结合。这说明B10与AAV2结合的位点位于衣壳蛋白VP1、VP2和VP3的重叠部分处并且可能是线性表位,而G4则可能是针对AAV2病毒颗粒构象表位的抗体。这两种结合特性不同的单克隆抗体为研究AAV2病毒颗粒的表面特性和感染特性提供有用的工具。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.