蚕豆AFLP技术体系的建立与优化

对蚕豆DNA提取质量和浓度、DNA双酶切与连接、酶切连接产物的预扩增和选择性扩增等AFLP技术体系中的关键技术进行了优化处理,构建了蚕豆AFLP银染技术体系。酶切与连接可在12.5μl体系中一步完成,酶切连接温度为37℃,反应时间12~14 h;预扩增体系为20μl,选择性扩增体系为10μl。采用该技术体系应用8对引物构建的蚕豆种质资源AFLP指纹图谱,扩增条带多、多态性强且质量好,可满足遗传多样性分析要求。     

华中五昧子AFLP反应体系的建立

目的:建立一个适于华中五味子研究用的AFLP反应体系.方法:以华中五味子硅胶干燥嫩叶为试材,采用改良CTAB法提取到高质量DNA.通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对Mse I/EcoR Ⅰ双酶切、连接、预扩增和选择性扩增过程中的关键因素进行分析.结果:双酶切6 h,片段主要集中在250～2 000bp;连接产物和预扩增产物最适稀释倍数均为10倍;预扩增产物经选择性引物E-ACF/M-CAT和E-ACA/M-CAG扩增,琼脂糖电泳检测其主带分别集中在250～375 bp和500～750 bp,6%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测及银染,条带清晰可辨.结论:该体系具有稳定性高、重复性好等优点,可用于华中五味子AFLP分析.     

华中五味子AFLP反应体系的建立

目的：建立一个适于华中五味子研究用的AFLP反应体系。方法：以华中五味子硅胶干燥嫩叶为试材,采用改良CTAB法提取到高质量DNA。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对MseⅠ/EcoRⅠ双酶切、连接、预扩增和选择性扩增过程中的关键因素进行分析。结果：双酶切6h,片段主要集中在250～2000bp;连接产物和预扩增产物最适稀释倍数均为10倍;预扩增产物经选择性引物E-ACT/M-CAT和E-ACA/M-CAG扩增,琼脂糖电泳检测其主带分别集中在250～375bp和500～750bp,6%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测及银染,条带清晰可辨。结论：该体系具有稳定性高、重复性好等优点,可用于华中五味子AFLP分析。     

橡胶树AFLP银染体系的建立和优化

目的:扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)为遗传图谱的构建及育种的辅助选择提供了有力的工具。建立一套适合橡胶树的AFLP技术优化体系。方法:以197个GT1×IAN873橡胶树杂交群体为材料,通过对影响AFLP的多种关键因素如模板DNA质量、酶切连接体系、酶切连接反应时间、预扩增体系、选择性体系的分析进行研究。结果与结论:找出一套适于热带植物基因组DNA提取及橡胶树AFLP技术。用改进的CTAB法,经多次抽提纯化,用细玻璃棒挑出DNA得到高质量的模板DNA;酶切连接时DNA模板为250ng,反应体系采用各3U的EcoRⅠ/MseⅡ/T4连接酶,反应时间为9h;预扩增模板为稀释1/2的酶切连接产物,用量为1μL;选择性扩增要用稀释至1/20的预扩增产物。     

短蛸AFLP分子标记分析体系的优化与建立

本研究构建了短蛸扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)分析体系,对DNA提取、双酶切反应、连接反应、预扩增反应、选择性扩增反应和银染等步骤进行了分析。得到了一种适于短蛸AFLP技术分析的优化体系,该体系中各优化因素为:模板DNA浓度为200 ng/μL;酶切体系中,MseI和EcoR I各加入5 units,缓冲液使用MseI buffer Tango,反应时间为3-4 h;连接最适反应时间为12 h;预扩增产物最适稀释倍数为20倍。该体系的构建为AFLP技术在短蛸分子遗传多样性研究中的应用奠定了基础。     

放线菌的单酶切AFLP基因分型研究

使用MseI限制性内切酶对放线菌链霉菌属中的12株菌基因组DNA进行酶切,与接头连接后,引物使用一个选择性碱基对模板进行PCR扩增,PCR产物在琼脂糖凝胶上进行电泳检测。结果表明,对于MseI内切酶产生的模板,选择性碱基采用A、T、C和G都能够获得清晰丰富的条带。MseI内切酶产生的图谱上有72个位点,多态性位点71个,达98．6％。因此,使用MseI内切酶适合构建放线菌的单酶切AFLP指纹图谱。     

放线菌的单酶切AFLP基因分子型研究

使用MseI限制性内切酶对放线菌链霉菌属中的12株菌基因组DNA进行酶切,与接头连接后,引物使用一个选择性碱基对模板进行PCR扩增,PCR产物在琼脂糖凝胶上进行电泳检测.结果表明,对于MseI内切酶产生的模板,选择性碱基采用A、T、C和G都能够获得清晰丰富的条带.MseI内切酶产生的图谱上有72个位点,多态性位点71个,达98.6%.因此,使用MseI内切酶适合构建放线菌的单酶切AFLP指纹图谱.     

中华稻蝗AFLP反应体系的建立与优化

以中华稻蝗为研究材料,提取到高质量的总DNA.通过优化酶切连接、预扩增、选择性扩增等实验条件,确定了AFLP银染技术方法,从而建立了中华稻蝗AFLP分子标记研究体系,得到了清晰的AFLP指纹图谱,为探讨稻蝗种间遗传学关系提供了新的技术手段.     

斜带髭鲷高质量DNA提取及AFLP分析体系建立

目的:提取斜带髭鲷高质量基因组DNA并建立适用于AFLP分析的体系。方法:以斜带髭鲷(Hapalogenys nitens)为材料提取高质量基因组DNA,并进行AFLP扩增。对AFLP分析体系中几个关键环节(基因组双酶切、连接、预扩增及选择性扩增、变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和银染)做了优化。结果:提取的斜带髭鲷全基因组DNA纯度高,无拖尾。采用9组选择性引物共检测出350个不同的扩增位点,其中多态位点为175个,多态性比例为49.58%。聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图像染色均匀,条带清晰且无背景干扰。结论:该分析体系的建立为斜带髭鲷的群体遗传多态性、种质资源、遗传图谱、遗传育种等研究奠定基础。     

利用扩增片段长度多态性分析鉴别炭疽和蜡样芽孢杆菌

目的:利用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)分析建立鉴别炭疽芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌的分子生物学方法。方法:3株炭疽芽孢杆菌和3株蜡样芽孢杆菌基因组经限制性内切酶EcoRⅠ和MseⅠ酶切后与对应接头连接,通过预扩增和选择性扩增获得特异性DNA片段,将片段进行毛细管电泳,并利用GeneScan和BioNumerics软件对电泳数据进行分析。结果:选择性扩增最佳引物组合为EcoRⅠ-G/MseⅠ-A,其扩增片段在100~500 bp范围内的有效数量为40~50条;比较炭疽芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌的AFLP特征峰值图和DNA指纹图谱,确定了5个有明显差异的片段区。结论:利用AFLP分析可对芽孢杆菌属中相近的炭疽芽孢杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌进行鉴别,该方法可作为炭疽芽孢杆菌传统鉴定方法的补充。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV