锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的:探讨锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法:2005年3月～2010年3月应用锁定钢板(包括肱骨近端锁定钢板或肱骨近端锁定内固定系统)治疗肱骨近端骨折43例,按Neer分型2部分骨折20例,3部分骨折19例,4部分骨折4例。随访评定包括X线片、Neer肩关节功能评分标准。结果:43例患者获得平均14.2个月(9～21个月)临床随访,骨折全部愈合,愈合平均时间10.4周(8～12周)。根据Neer肩关节功能评分标准:优19例,良19例,可5例,优良率88.4%。结论:锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折具有手术创伤小、操作方便、固定可靠的优点,允许早期功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

锁定接骨板治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的：探讨锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法：2005年3月-2010年3月应用锁定钢板（包括肱骨近端锁定钢板或肱骨近端锁定内固定系统）治疗肱骨近端骨折43例,按Neer分型2部分骨折20例,3部分骨折19例,4部分骨折4例。随访评定包括X线片、Neer肩关节功能评分标准。结果：43例患者获得平均14．2个月（9-21个月）临床随访,骨折全部愈合,愈合平均时间10．4周（8～12周）。根据Neer肩关节功能评分标准：优19例,良19例,可5例,优良率88．4％。结论：锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折具有手术创伤小、操作方便、固定可靠的优点,允许早期功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

PHILOS钢板治疗老年肱骨近端冠状面骨折初探

目的:探讨采用PHILOS钢板治疗肱骨近端冠状面骨折手术治疗的早期临床疗效。方法:对2005年4月至2014年5月我院收治的9例肱骨近端冠状面骨折患者予以切开复位钢内固定治疗,采用DASH评分,生活质量评价量表(SF-36),Constant-Murley评分以及加利福尼亚洛杉矶大学肩关节评分(UCLA Score)对患者进行功能评价。结果:纳入患者平均年龄为63.5±3.2岁(53~82岁),男性2例,女性7例,根据Neer分型,单纯二部分骨折5例,二部分骨折伴肩关节脱位4例。术后随访12~22个月,平均14.2±3.2个月。9例患者均得到随访。所有患者肱骨近端骨折均愈合,骨折愈合时间12~18周,平均12.7±2.5周,末次随访时,7例无明显肩关节疼痛,2例有轻微疼痛,Constant评分平均87.0±4.2分;DASH评分平均20.9±2.5分,加州大学肩关节评分系统(UCLA)平均31.3±2.1;SF-36评分平均分,影像学结果显示:末次随访肱骨头高度平均丢失1.7±0.4 mm,颈干角度平均为126±13°。结论:采用切开复位钢板内固定对于肱骨近端冠状面骨折早期临床疗效良好,远期疗效有待进一步评价。     

肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的疗效分析

目的:观察肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效.方法:肱骨近端骨折82例,随机分为两组.治疗组(n=41)用肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定,对照组(n=41)用三叶草钢板内固定.随访6-36个月,平均(18.6-± 2.3)月,观察治疗后骨折愈合情况、肩关节功能恢复情况,记录骨折愈合时间、患肩活动度.采用Neer评分法评定疗效.观察手术并发症及安全性.结果:治疗组满意率87.81％,对照组满意率70.73％.两组满意率相比较,差异有统计学意义(X2=3.976,P＜0.05).治疗组治疗后外展和外旋活动度与对照组同期相应指标比较;差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组并发症的发生率相比较,差异有显著意义(X2=4.895,P＜0.05).结论:肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端粉碎性骨折疗效肯定,安全性好.     

采用同种异体腓骨植骨重建肱骨近端内侧柱的临床应用及疗效

目的:探讨同种异体腓骨移植重建肱骨近端内侧柱联合锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2011年3月至2013年9月于我院行同种异体腓骨移植联合锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折患者38例。根据Neer分型:三部分骨折26例,四部分骨折12例;随访期间测量肱骨头内翻角度、肱骨头高度;患肩功能评分采用Constant肩关节评分标准、美国肩肘协会评分系统(ASES)及加州大学肩关节评分系统(UCLA),同时记录患者并发症。结果:患者随访时间平均15.5±1.8个月;末次随访Constant肩关节评分平均89.0±3.2分;美国肩肘协会评分系统(ASES)评分为平均81.2±14.5分;加州大学肩关节评分系统(UCLA)平均27.6±5.3;根据UCLA评分系统,患者术后优良率为89.4%。患侧肩关节前屈、外展、外旋及内旋运动范围分别是143±20°、138±9°、44±12°、42±9°。影像学结果显示:末次随访肱骨头高度平均丢失1.9 mm,颈干角度平均为128±16°。根据Paavolainen方法,末次随访优30例、良7例、差1例。结论:同种异体腓骨移植重建肱骨近端骨折内侧柱,术中联合肱骨近端锁定钢板能有效支撑肱骨头,预防肱骨头塌陷及螺钉穿出,短期临床疗效满意。     

锁定加压钢板与三叶草钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折比较分析

目的:探讨锁定加压钢板与三叶草钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端骨折的临床效果.方法:老年肱骨近端骨折分别采用锁定加压钢板治疗44例,三叶草钢板治疗48例,随访观察并比较二者手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间、肩关节Neer评分、术后并发症等指标.结果:二种治疗方法在Neer评分优良率和住院时间方面无明显差异(P>0.05).但在手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量和术后并发症,锁定加压钢板优于三叶草钢板(P<0.05).结论:锁定加压钢板内固定方法可靠,骨折愈合率高,创伤小,并发症少.     

不同内固定方法对肱骨近端骨折的预后影响

目的:探讨不同内固定方法对肱骨近端骨折的预后影响。方法:选取90例因肱骨骨折入院治疗的患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,按照内固定方法的不同将所有患者分为A组和B组。其中A组为44例,均采用锁定加压钢板治疗;B组为46例,均采用解剖型钢板治疗。比较两组患者术后并发症的发生情况,并且采用Neer评分系统评定肱骨近端骨折治疗后的肩关节功能等级。结果:获得有效随访资料共79份,占87.8%。其中锁定加压钢板组获得有效随访的数量为39,占43.3%;解剖型钢板组获得有效随访的数量为40,占44.4%。根据Neer评定标准,A组患者的肩关节功能Neer评定优良率为92%,显著高于B组87.5%,两组之间差异无统计学意义(x~2=0.131,P0.05)。结论:锁定加压钢板内固定法对肱骨近端骨折预后明显优于解剖型钢板,更有利于患者早期功能锻炼的进行和肩关节功能恢复。     

肱骨近端加压锁定钢板与传统钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效比较

目的比较肱骨近端加压锁定钢板与传统钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床治疗效果。方法选取我院2014年1月~2015年1月骨外科门诊收治的肱骨近端骨折患者60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例。治疗组采用肱骨近端加压锁定钢板治疗,对照组采用传统钢板治疗,比较两组的Neer功能评分、骨折愈合时间、并发症发生情况。结果两组患者Neer功能评分与治疗前比较均有明显提高,治疗组提高水平明显优于对照组;而且治疗组骨折愈合时间、并发症发生情况均低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肱骨近端加压锁定钢板相比传统钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效更优,促进了患者的骨折愈合速度,降低了并发症发生率,具有临床推广和应用价值。     

微创锁定接骨板与传统切开复位内固定术治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效比较

目的:探讨微创锁定接骨板与传统切开复位内固定术治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法:选取89例肱骨近端骨折患者,根据手术方法不同分为两组,观察组(45例)给予微创锁定接骨板治疗,对照组(44例)给予传统切开复位内固定治疗,比较两组手术时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、术中出血量、术后1个月Neer和Constant-Murley评分。结果:观察组患者手术时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间均明显短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组(P0.05)。术后1个月,观察组Constant-Murley各项评分及总分均显著优于对照组(P0.05);按Neer评分,观察组优良率为91.1%,明显高于对照组(68.1%,P0.05)。结论:与传统切开复位内固定术相比,微创锁定接骨板能更好,安全性更高,可更快更有效地促进肱骨近端骨折患者肩关节功能的恢复。     

锁定钢板与半肩关节置换治疗老年肱骨近端骨折疗效比较

目的:比较锁定钢板(Locking plate,LP)与半肩关节置换(semi-shoulder arthroplasty,SSA)治疗老年肱骨近端NeerⅢ、Ⅳ型骨折临床疗效。方法:对我院骨科2009年5月至2013年5月收治的61例老年肱骨近端NeerⅢ、Ⅳ型骨折的患者资料进行回顾性分析,男性18例,女性43例,年龄60~84岁,平均69.3岁。其中采用LP治疗者40例,采用SSA治疗者21例,观察两组患者的手术时间、失血量、Neer评分情况,记录手术并发症情况,并进行统计学比较。结果:所有患者均获得随访,平均随访时间14.5个月(12~20个月)。LP组手术时间(105.6±20.4 min vs 80.6±18.2 min,t=2.650,P=0.01)多于SSA组,两组在手术出血量(188.5±25.2 ml vs 200.5±31.6 m L,t=1.666,P=0.1)、Neer评分优良率(92.5%vs 90.5%,X2=0.075,P=0.784)和并发症发生率(4.8%vs12.5%,X2=1.351,P=0.245)无明显差异。结论:在老年肱骨近端NeerⅢ、Ⅳ型骨折的治疗上,SSA手术时间短,但手术并发症发生率以及疗效优良率与LP相似,临床应根据病情及需要灵活选择手术方式。     

外耳道胆脂瘤30例临床分析

目的:探讨外耳道胆脂瘤的临床特征和最佳治疗方法,提高临床诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析30例(32耳)外耳道胆脂瘤患者的临床资料。12耳病变局限于外耳道无明显骨质破坏,经耳内窥镜下行胆脂瘤清除病术;10耳病变局限于外耳道,但有较广泛的骨质破坏或有外耳道口狭窄者,经耳内切口显微镜下清除病变并加行外耳道成形术;10耳病变侵及鼓室或乳突,在显微镜下经耳后切口行乳突根治术。有条件者行乳突根治术加鼓室成形术。结果:本组病例所有患者术后病理均为胆脂瘤。术后外耳道口保持宽大,外耳道皮肤恢复正常,不产生上皮堆积。随访1年以上胆脂瘤无复发。结论:耳内镜与显微镜配合应用可彻底清除胆脂瘤,防止胆脂瘤残留和复发,并能提高听力.     

外耳道胆脂瘤30例临床分析（英文）

目的：探讨外耳道胆脂瘤的临床特征和最佳治疗方法,提高临床诊治水平。方法：回顾性分析30例（32耳）外耳道胆脂瘤患者的临床资料。12耳病变局限于外耳道无明显骨质破坏,经耳内窥镜下行胆脂瘤清除病术;10耳病变局限于外耳道,但有较广泛的骨质破坏或有外耳道口狭窄者,经耳内切口显微镜下清除病变并加行外耳道成形术;10耳病变侵及鼓室或乳突,在显微镜下经耳后切口行乳突根治术。有条件者行乳突根治术加鼓室成形术。结果：本组病例所有患者术后病理均为胆脂瘤。术后外耳道口保持宽大,外耳道皮肤恢复正常,不产生上皮堆积。随访1年以上胆脂瘤无复发。结论：耳内镜与显微镜配合应用可彻底清除胆脂瘤,防止胆脂瘤残留和复发,并能提高听力.     

胶原生物膜在耳内镜下中耳胆脂瘤乳突根治术中的应用效果分析

摘要 目的：探讨胶原生物膜在耳内镜下乳突根治术中的应用效果。方法：选取徐州医科大学附属医院2021年4月至2022年 2月收治的51例中耳胆脂瘤患者进行回顾性分析,其中研究组27例患者予以胶原生物膜修复皮肤缺损,对照组予以颞肌筋膜修复术腔皮肤缺损,观察两组患者术后临床症状,手术时长,术腔完全上皮化时间、干耳时间及术前术后听力改变。结果：研究组术后患者因外耳道进水,存在感染及肉芽生长者1例,予以清理后未再次生长;对照组术后发生1例外耳道口狭窄的情况,予以橡胶扩张管进行扩张并后并定期清理术腔肉芽、脱落痂皮,患者外耳道恢复良好。两组术前耳闷、耳痛、耳鸣及术后耳痛VAS评分无明显差异（P>0.05）;研究组术后耳闷及耳鸣VAS评分较对照组降低（P<0.05）。研究组平均手术时长、术后术腔完全上皮化时间及平均干耳时间短于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术前术后气骨导差（ABG）、平均气导听阈（AC）比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：作为术区移植物,胶原生物膜应用于耳内镜下中耳胆脂瘤乳突根治术可加快创面术腔的修复,减少局部创伤与操作步骤,改善临床症状,缩短手术时间、术后术腔完全上皮化时间及获得干耳时间,可作为临床上有效的修复材料。     

Potentialities of temporal bone CT in the diagnosis of chronic purulent otitis media and its complications

Temporal bone CT was used to examine a group of 87 patients with chronic purulent otitis media (103 temporal bones). The patients' age ranged from 2 to 74 years. A scheme was developed and proposed to evaluate the temporal bone by CT. The CT signs of chronic purulent otitis media uncomplicated by cholesteatoma and those of cholesteatomic purulent otitis were identified. The CT symptomatology of chronic purulent otitis includes: sclerotic changes in the bone tissue of the mastoid process, impaired pneumatization of the cavities of the middle ear, including the tympanic cavity, destructive changes in auditory ossicles, carious changes in the walls of the cavities of the middle ear. The CT semiotics of cholesteatoma depends on its site and spread into the temporal bone and includes as follows: deformation of the epitympanum due to soft tissue mass-induced destruction of the lateral wall; the dilated entrance into the antrum; the presence of a cavity with the sclerosed walls in the antromastoid area; carious changes in the auditory ossicles; the displacement of a chain of ossicles medially or laterally in relation to the initial site of cholesteatoma. CT reflects carious changes in the walls of the cavities of the middle ear, including the roof and labyrinthine wall of the tympanum, which allows labyrinthine fistula and intracranial cholesteatomic complications. The study of the temporal bone by the proposed scheme may reveal anomalies and the specific features of its structure: the presentation of the sigmoid sinus, the high elevation of the bulb of the jugular vein, diverticulum of the latter, the low standing of the bottom of the ACH.     

Potentialities of temporal bone computed tomography in the study of the facial nerve and in the diagnosis of peripheral pareses of thr 7th pair of cranial nerves

Computed tomography (CT) was used to examine 200 patients (400 temporal bones) aged 3 to 74 years who had no signs of facial nerve lesion and 28 patients who had clinical manifestations of peripheral paresis of the facial nerve of varying genesis. Multipositional CT of the temporal bone is the most informative mode of visualization of the fallopian canal which is embodied on tomographic scans in 100% of cases irrespective of the age of a patient. CT data indicate that the formation of the facial nerve canal brings to completion by the age of 6 years. The following causes of n. facialis paresis were identified: facial neuroma; sarcoma of the temporal bone sarcoma; dehiscence of the canal wall in otitis media acuta; destruction of the tympanic wall of the canal in otitis nedia chronica, fractures of the temporal bone, anomalies of the fallopian canal in temporal bone malformations; stenosis of the canal in fibrous dysplasia. The detected alterations of the n. facialis canal permits further policy of management of a patient to be defined.     

Temporal bone CT in the diagnosis of acquired diseases of the external auditory canal

CT was used to examine 50 patients (100 temporal bones) aged 10 days to 60 years who had no signs of lesion of the external auditory canal (EAC) and 23 patients (27 temporal bones) aged 13 to 65 years who had clinical manifestations of acquired stenosis or obturation of the EAC. Polypositional CT of the temporal bone is the most informative technique of visualization of the osseous part of the EAC, at the same time the anterior and posterior EAC walls were evaluated in the axial projection and the upper and lower EAC walls were assessed in the coronary projection. According to CT data, formation of the osseous part of the EAC occurs within the first 7 years of a child's life. In the presence of EAC changes, CT may assess their pattern (a soft tissue or osseous one), their magnitude and location along the walls of the canal, the tympanic membrane, and other structures of the temporal bone. CT reveals the causes of acquired EAC obturation, stenosis, and atresia: osteocartilaginous exostoses, osteomas, polyps of the EAC, tumors of the temporal bone, as well as obturative keratosis and posttraumatic stenosis of the EAC. The detected EAC changes determine further management policy in a patient.     

A case of extra small acrocentric bisatellited chromosome in a non mongoloid child.

A mentally retarded child with an extra small bisatellited acrocentric chromosome is described. The patient exhibited rather unspecific clinical signs such as strabismus, marked facial asymmetry, broad and prominent nasal bridge, hypertelorism, Brushfield's spots, malformed ears with atresia of the external auditory canal on the right side. Giemsa banding (R and G methods) did not allow a clear cytogenetic identification of the extra-chromosome. A tentative interpretation of the cytogenetic aberration as a trisomy of the proximal part of the long arm of chromosome 13 is discussed.     

Characterization of Malassezia microbiota in the human external auditory canal and on the sole of the foot

Of the fungal skin microbiota, the lipophilic yeast genus Malassezia predominates at all body sites. Of the members of this genus, M. globosa, M. restricta, and M. sympodialis are the most common on the face, limbs, and trunk. In the present study, the Malassezia microbiotas in the external auditory canal and on the sole of the foot were characterized. M. slooffiae was the most common species in both the external auditory canal and on the sole of the foot, followed by M. restricta. Principal component analysis further revealed that the Malassezia microbiota in the external auditory canal and on the sole of the foot constitute a different cluster from those on the scalp and cheek and in the nasal cavity. Additionally, five new Malassezia phylotypes were detected on the sole of the foot and in the external auditory canal. Our results suggest that a distinctive Malassezia microbiota is present in the external auditory canal and on the sole of the foot, although the clinical significance of this finding remains unknown.