中药学专业微生物学教学课程设计探索

对中药学专业微生物学课程教学内容及模式进行优化改革，以期提升课程的教学质量，进一步激发学生的学习兴趣，夯实基础知识和专业技能。首先分析了目前中药学专业开设的微生物学课程中出现的实际问题，其次在总课时不变的前提下，基于中药材及其相关微生物，并结合地方及中医药特色，进行教学内容的调整、教学手段的改革和考核方式的完善等，使该门课程更符合专业发展需求。在理论教学中调整课时比例，突出微生物学基础知识及微生物在药学中的应用两部分内容。在实践教学中进行分层教学，加深学生对课程知识的理解，同时突出目标导向，培养学生综合实践能力。在教学手段方面，采用模块化与其他教学模式相结合的方式，帮助学生构建微生物学相关知识体系，理解并掌握所学知识。此外，增加平时学习情况及实践方面的考核比例，促使学生重视课程学习及实践能力培养。课程优化后，学生的学习难度有所下降，学习目标更加明确，所学的微生物学知识与中药学专业联系更为密切，更加符合人才培养目标。     

大学生科学素质教育课程“走进微生物世界”的建设与实践

微生物学的研究和应用在人类社会发展中起着越来越重要的作用。微生物与人类的生产和生活密切相关,开展微生物学方面的素质教育非常必要。因此,我们面向非生物专业本科生开设了"走进微生物世界"素质教育课程。根据学生的知识水平和认知规律,本课程重视知识体系的系统性和关联性,基础理论、生产应用和实践教学等教学内容依次展开,开拓学生视野,培养创新思维。不同的教学内容采用了差别化的教学方法,配合多媒体教学、网络教学和基于云课堂的即时互动教学,提高学生的学习兴趣,学习效果回馈及时,方便师生交流。经过3年的建设,本课程已形成教学方法有特色、教学内容符合学生知识水平和学科发展潮流的素质教育课程。     

“现代微生物学研究技术”课程建设与教学改革

"现代微生物学研究技术"是在生物学专业微生物学方向硕士生培养方案中设置的一门专业必修课,本文从教学内容、教学方法、考核方法及教学效果等方面介绍了该课程的教学改革情况。     

微生物研究技术与方法课的设置与改革初探

根据当前微生物学人才培养的需求设置微生物研究技术与方法课程,该课程为微生物学专业学生的必修课,生物科学专业学生的选修课程。是一门理论性和实践性相结合的课程。结合专业课教学中素质教育的要求,对课程内容、教学方法、考核方式等进行了一些初步改革,取得了较好的成绩。     

改革课程教学体系 加强实践和创新能力培养——水处理微生物学课程教学的改革探索

水处理微生物学是给水排水工程专业的一门重要的专业基础课。该课程的主要培养目标是学习和掌握微生物学基础知识和基本实验技能, 以及微生物在水处理领域的应用, 激发学生的学习兴趣, 培养学生独立思考和分析解决问题的能力, 发展学生的创新性思维和工程实践能力。根据自身的教学体会, 结合给水排水工程专业的学科特点和专业需要, 对水处理微生物学教学内容、教学方法和手段以及实验教学进行改革, 并取得良好效果。     

“环境工程微生物学”线上线下混合式教学的改革与实践

“环境工程微生物学”是环境工程专业的一门基础课程,但由于环境微生物学概念抽象、内容繁冗,大部分学生在课堂上注意力不集中,难以理解和应用生物氧化过程、微生物在环境工程中的作用等内容,教学效果较差。为提高学生的学习效果和教师的教学感受,基于超星泛雅网络教学平台,对环境工程微生物学的教学内容、教学方法、考核方式等进行线上线下混合式教学改革与实践。实践结果表明改革后的课程激发了学生内在学习的动力,使学生具有了自学和继续学习的能力,在知识、能力、素质这3个方面取得了成效,并有效提升了学生的专业能力和综合素质;同时,课程教师的教学方法、教学能力、教学感受以及信息技术均得到提升和改进,加强了课程创新实践,提升了环境工程类专业课程的教学质量。     

中美课程教学差异分析及启示——基于食品专业“微生物学”视角

以中国南昌大学食品学院开设的"微生物学"和美国University of Minnesota食品科学与营养系的Introductory Microbiology为研究对象,从课程安排、教学过程、实践环节和知识考察等方面对食品专业"微生物学"课程教学进行对比研究,以此窥豹一斑。研究发现,国内高校"微生物学"课程存在教学内容更新滞后、课堂讨论互动不足、考查方式多元化欠缺等问题,学生学习存在投入时间偏少、知识点掌握不牢固、考试后遗忘较快、应用知识解决问题能力较差等问题。要更好地开展食品专业"微生物学"教学,必须以学生为中心,及时更新教材内容,结合现代技术开展启发教学、案例教学,有效建构学生知识体系,施行课程助理制度,完善考核制度,提升教师自身工程化能力,从而助推提升教学质量。     

高职院校微生物实验改革探索

微生物实验课程是一门基础的专业实验课程。针对高职院校微生物学实验教学中存在的问题,通过对学生能动性的提高、教学内容的完善、实验操作技能的提升、考核方式的改革以及综合性实验的开设等方面的探讨,深化微生物学实验教学改革。     

综合大学微生物学教学大纲(供四年制生物学系各专业用)

一、本课程目的、要求和地位、作用微生物学是生物系各专业的基础课。通过本课程的学习,要求学生掌握微生物学的基本知识,包括微生物的形态、结构、类群、鉴定以及微生物的生命活动基本规律,特别是新陈代谢及遗传变异等。了解微生物在生物界中的地位,在自然界中的分布与作用,微生物与人类及其他生物间的相互关系,微生物在工、农、医及     

微生物专业研究生实验课设计思路与特色

实验教学是研究生培养的重要环节,通过介绍中国农业大学微生物学专业研究生实验课程"现代微生物研究技术"的设计思路与特色,就教学团队的组建、实验内容的设置、课程的实施和教材的编写等方面的经验进行了总结。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV