IPL作用下鼠皮形态改变的显微观察与初步分析

观察光子嫩肤(IPL)后鼠皮的形态学随时间的改变情况,如:表皮层、真皮层的增厚或变薄的情况。探讨IPL作用下,皮肤的表皮、真皮厚度变化与IPL在特定波长的能量密度的关系。以小白鼠作为研究对象,先去毛,用IPL在一定波长不同的能量密度照射活体小白鼠皮肤,分别在照射前、照射后,以及之后的1天,3天,7天应用激光共聚焦显微镜观察皮肤内部的结构,并对其不同的能量密度与照射前相比进行分析,讨论了真皮胶原蛋白在组织的修复过程的作用及其中的关键因素。     

Q开关激光爆破技术对豚鼠皮肤色素的影响

目的研究Q开关激光爆破术对豚鼠黑素细胞的影响及照射周边组织的变化,为临床治疗皮肤色素病变提供实验依据。方法用Q开关-YAG激光分别照射豚鼠黑色毛区及棕色毛区(波长分别用1064nm和530nm,光斑直径2mm),实验动物20只,随机分四组,分别于照射后间隔7d、10d、14d取材,照射前取材作对照,10%甲醛固定,冰冻切片,分别用HE和DOPA反应显示黑素细胞。结果照射后皮肤黑色素颗粒逐渐减少至消失,照射后30d黑毛区与棕毛区肉眼见照射区皮肤变白,毛也变白,HE染色皮肤、毛囊及毛未见黑色素颗粒,DOPA反应表皮黑色素细胞、毛囊和毛均呈阴性反应,部分豚鼠棕毛区毛及毛囊见黄色色素颗粒。结论波长1064nm和532nm Q-YAG激光对豚鼠皮肤黑色素细胞和黑色素颗粒的破坏效果显著;但对棕色色素清除效果较差。波长1064nm Q-YAG激光对豚鼠皮肤黑色素消减与照射次数有关,与照射间隔时间长短无关。     

850nm微激光美白效应的光谱法研究

850 nm微激光已被发现能够减少黑色素细胞内酪氨酸酶的表达,进而抑制黑色素的合成。在此基础上本文选用C57BL/6J小鼠为模型,采用拉曼光谱法和荧光光谱法初步研究了850 nm微激光的在体美白效应。黑色素含量丰富时,小鼠皮肤拉曼谱线中代表黑色素的信号(1 405 cm-1和1 609 cm-1)变得异常明显;而经过微激光的照射后这些拉曼信号明显减弱。在NIR光的激发下黑色素也能发出强烈的荧光,这种荧光信号也会因微激光的照射而减弱。通过计算相对的拉曼信号强度及荧光信号强度对850 nm微激光的美白效应进行了定量分析。最后,采用常规的组织学检测(HE染色和Fontana-Masson染色)验证了光谱学检测手段的有效性。因此,光谱学技术可以作为一种简单有效的方法用于黑色素相关生理事件的实时检测。     

紫外线对人体的生物效应

初中《生理卫生》的《皮肤》一章,在讲述皮肤的结构特点时提到:“常受日光照射的皮肤,黑色素增加,皮肤颜色就变得黑些。黑色素能吸收紫外线,可以避免因紫外线穿透皮肤而损伤内部组织。”“表皮细胞内含有一种胆固醇(维生素D前身),经日光照射后能转变成维生素D。因此,儿童常晒太阳对预防佝偻病有一定的作用”     

黄芩等中药(圣母养颜祛斑霜)美容养颜机理初探

圣母养颜祛斑霜临床观察表明有明显养颜祛斑、改善皮肤弹性并使细小皱纹变浅以致消失的作用。药效学实验显示可使小鼠皮肤、血清SOD活性增强,患者血中LPO、MDA含量下降SOD、总抗氧力升高,并有抑制酪氨酸酶活性作用。据此,结合文献资料对其美容养颜机理加以探讨。推测可能是通过本霜剂透皮吸收,促进人体血液循环及新陈代谢,加速体内核酸、蛋白质合成,从而提高体内SOD活性,以加速清除过量产生的自由基,减少LPO、MDA对细胞组织的损害,使皮肤功能得以恢复而起到美容养颜、祛斑减皱的功能     

强脉冲光作用下皮肤组织结构改变的实验观察及模拟

使用强脉冲光源(IPLs)作用于小鼠皮肤上,分别用普通显微镜、双光子显微镜(TPELSM)观察、分析在IPLs作用前后及不同能量密度下皮肤组织的结构.基于pennes生物传热方程,计算光子在皮肤组织中传输所吸收的热量引起组织升温达到的温度,与实验结果相吻合.     

曲酸的研究和应用

长期以来人们都知道食品酿造业操作工人的双手总是显得白嫩这一现象,生物化学家受此现象启发并进行研究,发现豆酱、酱、酒、醋等的酿造过程中发酵菌曲霉菌（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｕｓｓｐ．）产生了一种天然产物,经分离、纯化和化学结构分析,确定是一种５羟基２羟甲基γ吡喃酮化合物,定名为曲酸（ＫｏｊｉｃＡｃｉｄ）。随后又进行了一系列研究,证明曲酸是皮肤细胞合成黑色素（Ｍｅｌａｎｉｎ）关键酶酪氨酸氧化酶的专特性抑制剂,抑制黑色素的合成,肯定了曲酸祛斑、阻滞色素沉着、使皮肤美白的独特功效。曲酸的应用,使美白祛斑化妆品更新换代,在国外各种牌号的含曲酸高档化妆品已相继投入市场。本研究生产的生物高技术新产品—曲酸制剂,为我国化妆品生产厂家开发高级曲酸化妆品提供优质廉价的原料。     

黄苓等中药（圣母养颜祛斑霜）美容养颜机理初探

圣母养颜祛斑霜临床观察表明有明显养颜祛斑、改善皮肤弹性并使细小皱纹变浅以致消失的作用。药效学实验显示可使小鼠皮肤、血清SOD活性增强,患者血中LPO、MDA含量下降,SOD、总抗氧能力升高,并有抑制酪氨酸酶活性作用。据此,结合文献资料对其美容养颜机理加以探讨。推测可能是通过本霜剂透皮吸收,促进人体血液循环及新陈代谢,加速体内核酸、蛋白质合成,从而提高体内SOD活性,以加速清除过量产生的自由基,减少LPO、MDA对细胞组织的损害,使皮肤功能得以恢复而起到美容养颜、祛斑减皱的功能。     

吡喹酮涂肤剂预防及治疗小鼠血吸虫病的研究

本文报道了用不同剂型、不同浓度的吡喹酮涂肤剂预防及治疗小鼠日本血吸虫病的实验研究。作者选用乙醇、聚乙二醇４００和霜剂,将吡喹酮原剂放入其内使成１‰和２％浓度的吡喹酮涂肤剂。药物涂在鼠的腹部皮肤上。预防组在用药后１－６ｈ,洗净药物,感染血吸虫尾蚴６０±２条,感染后４２ｄ解剖小鼠,结果显示１‰吡喹酮乙醇液,聚乙二醇４００溶液和霜剂均有很好的预防效果,防护率为１００００％。治疗组用２％吡喹酮霜剂１次／ｄ,连续３－５ｄ,在用药后的１－４ｄ及４周,解剖小鼠,结果显示：对２１ｄ的血吸虫童虫的减虫率为４５４６％,对４２ｄ的血吸虫成虫的减虫率为７４６７％,提示２％吡喹酮涂肤剂抗日本血吸虫成虫的作用优于抗童虫的作用。     

冬虫夏草提取物的美白作用

以冬虫夏草提取物(Chinese cordyceps extract)为研究对象,通过蘑菇酪氨酸酶活性抑制试验和小鼠皮肤黑色素瘤细胞(B16-F10)黑素合成抑制试验考察冬虫夏草提取物的美白活性。结果显示冬虫夏草提取物(质量浓度40～200 mg/m L)呈剂量依赖性抑制蘑菇酪氨酸酶的活性,且在安全剂量(质量浓度0.1～0.5 mg/m L)下显著抑制小鼠皮肤黑色素瘤细胞(B16-F10)内的黑色素合成(P0.05)。说明冬虫夏草提取物能通过抑制酪氨酸酶活性有效阻滞黑色素的合成,从而实现美白作用。     

强脉冲光光子美容技术的回顾与进展

强脉冲光(intense pulsed light,WL)是一种高强度的,多光谱的,非相干的光源,它的波长范围在500nm～1200nm,这些特性使强脉冲光在以皮肤组织对不同波长的光具有选择性吸收并产生光热解效应的原理为基础的无损伤性皮肤美容治疗中具有较广泛的应用。同时,与传统的治疗皮肤光损伤与光老化的方法比较,强脉冲光光子美容技术具有治疗效果好以及病人恢复时问较快等优点。文中回顾了强光光子嫩肤技术的产生及近年来的研究进展,说明强脉冲光光子美容技术是一种新颖的、有效的、非损伤性的治疗皮肤光损伤、光老化的方法,具有良好的美容医疗应用前景。     

Photodynamic therapy inhibits melanogenesis through paracrine effects by keratinocytes and fibroblasts

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment option for skin cancer and premalignant skin diseases and exhibits rejuvenation effects, including reducing fine wrinkles and whitening, on aged skin. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the whitening effects of PDT on melanocytes (MCs) in vitro and in vivo. Exposure of MCs to PDT in vitro reduced their melanin content and tyrosinase activity without, however, affecting cell survival. Interestingly, melanogenesis was also inhibited by exposing MCs to conditioned media of PDT‐treated keratinocytes or dermal fibroblasts. This paracrine effect was likely due to a decreased release of melanocyte‐stimulating cytokines such as Kit ligand and hepatocyte growth factor from these cells. Furthermore, we observed that PDT reduced mottled hyperpigmentation of photoaged patient skin in vivo, highlighting the clinical importance of skin whitening by PDT.     

新型强脉冲光治疗雀斑临床疗效观察

目的:观察新型强脉冲光治疗雀斑的疗效。方法:采用飞顿辉煌激光360嫩肤系统(以色列飞顿公司),波长570～950nm,光斑面积10mm×30mm,脉宽10、12、15ms,能量14～19J/cm~2。治疗40例雀斑患者,每三周一次,共治疗5次,末次治疗后评价患者雀斑的疗效。结查:40例患者经过治疗后,18例(45%)基本完全消退,14例(35%)明显消退,8例(20%)好转,总有效率为100%。所有患者面部治疗区域皮肤质地较以前更光滑、细腻,无严重不良反应出现。结论:采用新型强脉冲光治疗雀斑疗效显著、安全,副作用少。     

强脉冲光联合MEBT/MEBO治疗皮肤老化的临床观察

比较观察强脉冲光(intense pulsed light,IPL)联合烧伤湿性医疗技术(MEBT/MEBO)与单用IPL治疗皮肤老化的疗效.将2007年9月～2009年9月采用IPL配合MEBT/MEBO治疗的32例患者(治疗组)与2005年8月～2007年8月单用IPL治疗的32例患者(对照组)的疗效进行对比分析....     

Mechanism and inhibitory effect of galangin and its flavonoid mixture from Alpinia officinarum on mushroom tyrosinase and B16 murine melanoma cells

The whitening effects of the flavonoid constituents of Alpinia officinarum Hance were investigated on melanin biosynthesis in B 16 mouse melanoma cells, tyrosinase inhibition and UV absorption. The melanin content was reduced to 1.276 microg /10(5) cell for flavonoid mixture and 1.161 microg /10(5) cell for galangin while the melanin control was 1.632 microg/10(5) cell. Both flavonoid mixture and galangin reduced melanin production with an inhibition of 21.81% and 28.86% at a concentration of 26.5 microg/mL and 29 microg/mL (107.4 microM), respectively. Tyrosinase inhibition by the flavonoid mixture and galangin were higher at lower concentrations and galangin showed competitive inhibition at a concentration less than 21.23 microg/mL which was soluble. In addition, the flavonoid mixture and galangin showed a broad absorption band at 270 approximately 290 nm related to the UV-B area. These observations suggest that galangin may be a whitening agent and a promising candidate for prevention of skin cancer. This is the first full scale report on the evaluation of the whitening effect of galangin.     

基于OCT技术的鼠皮肤激光热损伤修复过程的监测

采用Er:YAG激光(波长为2 940 nm,能量密度为:2.5 J/cm2单光斑,扫描次数为4)照射活体小白鼠皮肤,利用光学相干层析成像(optical coherence tomography,OCT)技术在活体小鼠上观察其皮肤组织在激光作用之前及作用之后光热损伤修复的整个过程,得到了激光光热作用下引起损伤的皮肤组织在此过程中皮肤光学特性参数的变化情况,发现皮肤修复过程中光学参数有显著差异,并分析了这些差异引起的原因,以揭示激光美容中并发症主要因素。     

Protein, lipid, and DNA radicals to measure skin UVA damage and modulation by melanin

Afro-Caribbeans have a lower incidence of skin cancer than Caucasians, but the effectiveness of melanin as a photoprotective pigment is debated. We investigated the UVA and solar irradiation of ex vivo human skin and DMPO using electron spin resonance spectroscopy, to determine whether pigmented skin is protected by melanin against free radical damage. Initial ascorbate radicals in Caucasian skin were superseded by lipid and/or protein radical adducts with isotropic (a(H)=1.8 mT) and anisotropic spectra comparable to spectra in irradiated pig fat (a(H)=1.9 mT) and BSA. DNA carbon-centered radical adducts (a(H)=2.3 mT) and a broad singlet were detected in genomic DNA/melanin but were not distinguishable in irradiated Caucasian skin. Protein and lipid radicals (n=6 in Caucasian skin) were minimal in Afro-Caribbean skin (n=4) and intermediate skin pigmentations were variable (n=3). In irradiated Afro-Caribbean skin a shoulder to the melanin radical (also in UVA-irradiated pigmented melanoma cells and genomic DNA/melanin and intrinsic to pheomelanin) was detected. In this sample group, protein (but not lipid) radical adducts decreased directly with pigmentation. ESR/spin trapping methodology has potential for screening skin susceptibility to aging and cancer-related radical damage and for measuring protection afforded by melanin, sunscreens, and antiaging creams.     

Inhibitory effect of ectoine on melanogenesis in B16-F0 and A2058 melanoma cell lines

Skin injuries, congenital lesions, melasma, Addison's disease and many pigment abnormalities prompt us to search for an effective whitening agent. Ideal whitening agent is a natural compound that can inhibit melanogenesis and has no cytotoxic effects. In a previous study, we have developed an optimum method for the production and characterization of ectoine from a halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt environment in Taiwan was identified as Marinococcus sp. In the present study, we screened the whitening properties of the biosynthesized ectoine using mouse and human melanoma cell lines, B16-F0 and A2058. Here, we examined the cell viabilities of melanoma cells after ectoine treatment at various concentrations up to 500 μM. Also, we addressed the melanin synthesis of melanoma cells after treatment with ectoine. The inhibitory effects of ectoine on tyrosinase activity were assessed in both mushroom tyrosinase and cellular tyrosinase. Furthermore, we investigated the type of inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase using Lineweaver–Burk enzyme kinetic. The melanogenesis-related gene expression (tyrosinase, TRP1, TRP2 and MITF) and their protein secretion were determined by the assays of quantitative real-time PCR and western blots, respectively. Our results demonstrated that ectoine is a safe and effective whitening agent, inhibited melanin synthesis, reduced both mushroom tyrosinase and cellular tyrosinase, and had various inhibitory effects on the expressions of melanogenesis-related genes and secretion of proteins in mouse and human melanoma cell lines. Thus, we suggest that ectoine can serve as a useful and safe new agent in cosmetic and clinical applications.     

Inhibitory effect of an ellagic acid-rich pomegranate extract on tyrosinase activity and ultraviolet-induced pigmentation

A pomegranate extract (PE) from the rind containing 90% ellagic acid was tested for its skin-whitening effect. PE showed inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase in vitro, and the inhibition by the extract was comparable to that of arbutin, which is a known whitening agent. PE, when administered orally, also inhibited UV-induced skin pigmentation on the back of brownish guinea pigs. The intensity of the skin-whitening effect was similar between guinea pigs fed with PE and those fed with L-ascorbic acid. PE reduced the number of DOPA-positive melanocytes in the epidermis of UV-irradiated guinea pigs, but L-ascorbic acid did not. These results suggest that the skin-whitening effect of PE was probably due to inhibition of the proliferation of melanocytes and melanin synthesis by tyrosinase in melanocytes. PE, when taken orally, may be used as an effective whitening agent for the skin.