红金耳环的化学成分

从红金耳环的全草中分离得到５个化合物,经光谱鉴定,其中１个为新的马兜铃内酰胺生物碱－７－甲氧基马兜铃仙酰胺ＩＶ（１）,其他为１,２,３,４－四甲氧基－５－烯丙基苯（２）,β－谷甾醇（３）,胡萝卡甙（４）及芹菜脑（５）。马兜铃内酰胺生物碱纱首次从细辛属植物中获得。用气相色谱及色谱／质谱法,分别对红金耳环的茎叶精油及根精油进行了定性定量分析。根油中鉴定了３６个化合物,主要成分为β－雪松烯,１,２,３,     

地枫皮精油化学成分的研究

从广西的地枫皮制备精油,并用毛细管色谱/质谱/计算机联用方法进行了化学成分分析,鉴定了25种成分,占精油的81.50％。主要芳香成分为黄樟醚(21.74％)、芳樟醇(15.81％)、1,2-二甲氧基-4-(2-丙烯基)苯(6.30％)、α-松油醇(5.89％)。     

可溶性核糖核酸的研究 Ⅲ.酵母可溶性核糖核酸中抗碱二核苷酸的分离与鉴定

利用Tomlinson和Tener的DEAE-纤维素柱层析方法,我们从酵母SRNA的碱水解产物分得抗碱二核苷酸的层析峰。将抗碱二核苷酸混合物用大肠杆菌碱性磷酸单酯酶处理后,纸层析分离可得到四个部分,分别称A_1,A_2,A_3及A_4。经鉴定A_1为2′-O-甲基鸟便嘌呤核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-鸟便嘌呤核苷(G'pG),A_2主要为2′-O-甲基胞嘧啶核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-鸟便嘌呤核苷(C'pG,纯度约为87%),A_3则至少合2′-O-甲基胞嘧啶核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-腺嘌呤核苷(C'pA)和2′-O-甲基鸟便嘌呤核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-腺嘌呤核苷(G'pA),A_4较为复杂,未最后鉴定。因此酵母SRNA中至少含有下列四种抗碱二核苷酸:2′-O-甲基鸟便嘌呤核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-鸟便嘌呤核苷酸(G'pGp),2′-O-甲基胞嘧啶核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-鸟便嘌呤核苷酸(C'pGp),2′-O-甲基胞嘧啶核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-腺嘌呤核苷酸(C'pAp)及2′-O-甲基鸟便嘌呤核苷-3′-磷酸-5′-腺嘌呤核苷酸(G'pAp)。除此以外,还得到核苷二磷酸的层析峰,其中主要为鸟便嘌呤核苷-2′(3′),5′-二磷酸,只有少量的腺嘌呤核苷-2′(3′),5′-二磷酸。     

心草挥发油成分的研究

首次研究新疆产心草全草的挥发油成分 ,运用气相色谱 质谱 计算机联用技术 ,结合标准谱库 ,从检出的 87个化合物中共鉴定了 73种成分 ,其中主要成分为 1 丙氧基 2 丙醇、肉豆蔻醚、1,2 ,3 三甲氧基 5 (2 丙烯基 ) 苯、顺式 细辛脑、正己烷、芹菜脑、二甲醚、1,2 二甲氧基 4 (2 丙烯基 ) 苯、乙酸乙酯、斯巴醇、α ,α 4 三甲基 苯甲醇、反式 甲基异丁香油酚、水芹烯等 ,而 1 丙氧基 2 丙醇含量最高 ,占挥发油总量的 2 0 77% ,检出成分占挥发油总量的 92 4 6 %。     

α-细辛醚和β-细辛醚在心脑血管病中的作用及机制研究进展

细辛醚和β-细辛醚是天南星科多年生草本植物石菖蒲的主要活性成分。近年研究发现,α-细辛醚和β-细辛醚除具有抗肿瘤、杀虫抑菌、止咳平喘、保护神经元、抗癫痫、抗抑郁等作用外,其在心脑血管疾病方面具有较好的药理活性。本文通过查阅近年国内外相关文献,从α-细辛醚和β-细辛醚保护心肌和血管细胞(包括血管内皮细胞和血管平滑肌细胞),抗血栓形成,降血脂,改善血管功能等方面进行综述,为进一步深入挖掘上述成分在心脑血管疾病中的作用,探索相关的机制提供参考。     

广东省3种野生香茅属植物精油的化学成分及含量分析

利用GC-MS技术分析了广东省3种野生香茅属(Cymbopogon Spreng.)植物叶片精油的化学成分及其相对含昔.结果表明,3种植物精油中的化学成分丰富.从橘草[C. goeringii(Steud.)A.Camus]精油中鉴定出25种化学成分,主要成分为香叶醇、香茅醛、Z-柠檬醛和E-柠檬醛,相对含量分别为26.56%、23.49%、19.65%和12.78%;从扭鞘香茅[C. hamatulus(Nees ex Hook.et Arn.)A.Camus]精油中鉴定出16种化学成分,主要成分为甲基丁香酚、甲基异丁香酚、3,5,3',5'-四甲基联苯和3,4-二乙基-1,1'-联苯,相对含量分别为19.46%、12.90%、16.88%和8.63%;从青香茅[C. caesius(Nees ex Hook.et Arn.)Stapf]精油中鉴定出28种化学成分,主要成分为甲基丁香酚、甲基异丁香酚和藜芦醛,相对含量分别为29.39%、22.25%和6.58%.香茅属植物的精油成分因种类和产地不同而有一定的差异,在实际生产中应根据需要对香茅属植物资源进行合理的开发和利用.     

水菖蒲活性物质β-细辛醚对四种储粮害虫的熏蒸活性

植物性次生物质在植物-害虫的关系中起着非常重要的作用, 植物中的一些成分对害虫具有熏蒸、触杀和驱避等作用。水菖蒲Acorus calamus L.是一种常用中药, 它的主要杀虫活性成分为β-细辛醚。本研究通过室内生测试验研究了水菖蒲根茎提取物β-细辛醚对玉米象Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky、谷蠹Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius)、赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)和四纹豆象Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) 4种储粮害虫的熏蒸击倒和致死作用。结果表明: β-细辛醚对4种试虫的熏蒸击倒和致死作用明显。以50 μL/L的浓度处理120 h后, 对玉米象、谷蠹和四纹豆象的击倒作用均达到100%, 而对赤拟谷盗击倒率为50%; 玉米象、谷蠹和四纹豆象的死亡率分别为81.23%, 97.78%和100%, 而赤拟谷盗死亡率仅为8.89%。处理24 h, β-细辛醚对玉米象、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗和四纹豆象的KC50分别为49.38, 102.96, 124.04和1.07 μL/L; 处理120 h, β-细辛醚对玉米象、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗和四纹豆象的LC50分别为17.82, 4.42, 116.48和0.73 μL/L。结果显示水菖蒲根茎提取物β-细辛醚对4种储粮害虫均具有明显的熏蒸效果, 具有开发为储粮害虫熏蒸剂的潜力。     

福建省不同产地及不同生育期土荆芥精油化学成分的比较

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS),对来源于福建省不同产地(福州新店镇、平潭县城关、连城县城关)以及不同生育期(苗期、生长期、果熟期)土荆芥(Chenopodium ambrosioides L. )地上部分精油的化学成分及其相对含量进行了比较分析.结果表明,福州新店镇、平潭县城关和连城县城关产土荆芥精油的主要化学成分(相对含量0.04%以上)分别有12、11和27种,3个产地的共有成分为11种;福州新店镇产土荆芥精油中相对含量较高的成分有对-聚伞花素(49.60%)、α-松油烯(26.81%)和异驱蛔素(8.16%)等,平潭县城关产精油中相对含量排在前3位的成分也为对-聚伞花素(47.25%)、α-松油烯(27.27%)和异驱蛔素(8.82%),连城县城关产精油中相对含量较高的成分有对-聚伞花素(36.33%)、2,5-二甲基-3-己炔-2,5-二醇(20.03%)、α-松油烯(12.71%)和异驱蛔素(3.07%)等.苗期、生长期和果熟期土荆芥精油的主要成分分别有17、12和12种,3个时期的共有成分为10种;苗期精油中相对含量较高的成分有对-聚伞花素(49.75%)、异驱蛔素(10.77%)、1-(1,3-二甲基-3-环己烯-1-基)乙酮(8.08%)和2,5-二甲基-3-己炔-2,5-二醇(7.79%)等;生长期精油中相对含量较高的成分有对-聚伞花素(49.60%)、α-松油烯(26.81%)和异驱蛔素(8.16%)等;果熟期精油中相对含量较高的成分有对-聚伞花素(43.65%)、α-松油烯(24.09%)和异驱蛔素(19.12%)等.研究结果显示,产地的地理环境和土荆芥的生育期对福建产土荆芥地上部分精油的化学成分及其相对含量均有一定的影响.     

石菖蒲化学成分体外抗疲劳活性研究

本研究采用体外抗骨骼肌疲劳活性模型,从肌肉最大收缩幅度(Cmax);肌肉收缩幅度维持在最大收缩幅度(Cmax)的90％、50％、10％以上的持续时间对应为收缩持续时间T0.9、T0.、T0.1等方面,对石菖蒲中分离鉴定的量较大的6个化合物进行体外抗疲劳活性筛选.结果表明α-细辛醚组的Cmax、T0.、T0.、T0.1值明显高于空白对照组,均P ＜0.05.菖蒲醇酮对Cmax、T0.5、T0.1有延长趋势,但无统计学意义,P＞0.05.2,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛、1,8二羟基-3-甲基蒽醌、1,8二羟基-3-甲氧基-6-甲基蒽醌和1,3,8三羟基-6-甲基蒽醌对Cmax、T0.9 、T0.5、T0.1值,差异无显著性,均P＞ 0.05.因此我们认为α-细辛醚有可能延缓肌肉疲劳的发生.     

蒲桃枝叶抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性部位及其化学成分研究

为寻找蒲桃枝叶中抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性成分,采用p NPG法进行α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性评价,采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,并根据理化性质、光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果表明,蒲桃枝叶中抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性部位主要为乙酸乙酯部位(IC_(50)=6. 96±0. 82 mg/L)和正丁醇部位(IC_(50)=5. 27±0. 26 mg/L),且显著强于阳性对照Acarbose(IC_(50)=2840. 61±6. 44 mg/L)(P 0. 05)。从蒲桃枝叶的乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位共分离得到11个单体化合物,分别为岩白菜素(1)、2',4'-二羟基-6'-甲氧基-3',5'-二甲基二氢查耳酮(2)、2',4'-二羟基-6'-甲氧基-3'-甲基查耳酮(3)、5,7-二羟基-4'-甲氧基-6,8-二甲基黄酮(4)、5,4'-二羟基-7-甲氧基-8-甲基黄酮(5)、对羟基苯甲醛(6)、槲皮苷(7)、鞣花酸(8)、丁香苷(9)、丁香酸葡萄糖苷(10)、腺苷(11)。上述化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,并且化合物2~5和7~8具有较好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。     

THE LYSOSOME PERIPHERY: BIOCHEMICAL AND ELECTROKINETIC PROPERTIES OF THE TRITOSOME SURFACE

Normal rat liver lysosomes were isolated by the technique of loading with Triton WR-1339. Purity of the preparation was monitored with marker enzymes; a high enrichment in acid hydrolases was obtained in the tritosome fraction. In 0.0145 M NaCl, 4.5% sorbitol, 0.6 mM NaHCO₃, pH 7.2 at 25°C the tritosomes had an electrophoretic mobility of -1.77 ± 0.02 µm/s/V/cm, a zeta potential of 23.2 mV, a surface charge of 1970 esu/cm², and 33,000 electrons per particle surface assuming a tritosome diameter of 5 x 10^-7 m. Treatment of the tritosomes with 50 µg neuraminidase/mg tritosome protein lowered the electrophoretic mobility of the tritosome to -1.23 ± 0.02 µm/s/V/cm under the same conditions and caused the release of 2.01 µg sialic acid/mg tritosome protein. Treatment of the tritosomes with hyaluronidase did not affect their electrophoretic mobility, while trypsin treatment elevated the net negative electrophoretic mobility of the tritosomes. Tritosome electrophoretic mobilities indicated a homogeneous tritosome population and varied greatly with ionic strength of the suspending media. pH vs. electrophoretic mobility curves indicated the tritosome periphery to contain an acid-dissociable group which likely represents the carboxyl group of N-acetylneuraminic acid; this was not conclusively proven, however, since the tritosomes lysed below a pH of 4 in the present system. Total tritosome carbohydrate (anthrone-positive material as glucose equivalents) was 0.19 mg/mg tritosome protein while total sialic acid was 3.8 µg (11.4 nmol)/mg tritosome protein. A tritosome "membrane" fraction was prepared by osmotic shock, homogenization, and sedimentation. Approximately 25% of the total tritosome protein was present in this fraction. Analysis by gas-liquid chromatography and amino acid analyzer showed the following carbohydrate composition of the tritosome membrane fraction (in microgram per milligram tritosome membrane protein): N-acetylneuraminic acid, 14.8 ± 3; glucosamine, 24 ± 3; galactosamine, 10 ± 2; glucose, 21 ± 2; galactose, 26 ± 2; mannose, 31 ± 5; fucose, 7 ± 1; xylose, 0; and arabinose, 0. The results indicate that the tritosome periphery is characterized by external terminal sialic acid residues and an extensive complement of glycoconjugates. Essentially all the tritosome N-acetylneuraminic acid is located in the membrane and about 53% of it is neuraminidase susceptible.     

THE PROTEIN COMPOSITION OF ISOLATED MYELIN1

—Three fractions, each containing markedly different proteins, was obtained from myelin: (1) The first fraction was obtained as an insoluble residue when myelin was extracted with neutral chloroform-methanol (CM, 2:1, v/v). It was digestible with trypsin and had an amino acid composition similar to that of the acidic proteolipid protein of Wolfgkam (1966). (2) The second fraction was obtained as a precipitate by the addition of various electrolytes (KCl, NaCl, CaCl₂, MgCl₂ or HCl) to the CM (2:1 v/v) extract. This fraction consisted mainly of a basic protein which exhibited an electrophoretic mobility and amino acid composition indistinguishable from those of the basic protein obtained from white matter (Martensson and LeBaron, 1966). This procedure provided for a simple and rapid isolation of the basic protein from myelin. Depending on the conditions of precipitation, this fraction was either free of lipid or contained tri- and diphosphoinositide. The effects of different ions at differing concentrations and the yield and nature of the precipitate have been studied. (3) A third fraction remained in solution in CM (2:1, v/v) after the addition of the electrolyte. It comprised the bulk of the myelin lipids and a protein fraction which was resistant to digestion with trypsin and had an amino acid composition similar to the classical proteolipid protein of Folch-Pi and Lees (1951). The possibility of a salt-type bonding between the basic protein and the polyphosphoinositides is discussed, and values for tri- and diphosphoinositide in bovine myelin are given.     

Effect of dietary fats on arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid biosynthesis and conversion to C22 fatty acids in isolated rat liver cells

The desaturation, chain elongation and esterification of [1-14C]eicosapentaenoic acid, [1-14C]arachidonic acid, [1-14C]eicosatrienoic acid, [1-14C]linolenic acid and [1-14C]linoleic acid were studied in isolated liver cells. Rats fed diets with either 15% hydrogenated coconut oil or 15% partially hydrogenated marine oil, both deficient in essential fatty acids, 15% soybean oil or standard pellet diet with 6% fat, were used. The delta 4-desaturation of 22:5(n - 3) and 22:4(n - 6) as well as the delta 6-desaturase activity was distinctly higher in cells from animals fed coconut or marine oil than with soybean oil or standard pellet. The rate of delta 5-desaturation of 20:3(n - 6) and 20:4(n - 3) was nearly the same in cells from rats fed coconut, marine and soybean oils and higher than with standard pellet. The chain elongation of 20:5(n - 3) to 22:5(n - 3) was distinctly more pronounced than the elongation of 20:4(n - 6) with all four diets. 20:5(n - 3) was mainly esterified in the phospholipids with marine and coconut oils, and mainly in triacylglycerol with standard pellet and soybean oils. The proportion of [1-14C]20:4(n - 6) in the phospholipids to that in triacylglycerol decreased in the order marine oil greater than coconut oil greater than standard pellet greater than soybean oil. The different endogenous arachidonic acid content in the phospholipids induced by the different diets increased in the same order. 20:5(n - 3) was rapidly esterified in triacylglycerol and phospholipids, then liberated especially from the triacylglycerol fraction, chain elongated to 22:5(n - 3) and reesterified.     

云南蒜油化学成分的研究

本文对云南曲靖产大蒜(Allium sativum L.)蒜油用气相色谱和色谱-质谱法进行了分析,鉴定了20个化合物。其中:6-甲基-1-硫杂-2,4-环己二烯(6-methyl-1-thi-2,4-cyclohexadiene),5-甲基-1,2-二硫杂-3-环戊烯(5-methyl-1,2-dithi-3-cyclopentene),4-甲基-1,2-二硫杂-3-环戊烯(4-methyl-1,2-dithi-3-cyclopentene),4-乙烯基-1,2,3-三硫杂-5-环己烯(4-vinyl-1,2,3-trithi-5-cyclohexene)及甲基烯丙基五硫醚(allyl methyl pentasulfide)等为蒜油中首次报道的化合物。     

THE CELL WALL (THECA) OF TETRASELMIS STRIATA (CHLOROPHYTA): MACROMOLECULAR COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF THE COMPLEX POLYSACCHARIDES

Isolated cell walls (thecae) from the scaly flagellate green alga Tetraselmis striata Butcher contain the unusual 2-keto-sugar acids 3-deoxy-manno-2-octulosonic acid (Kdo), 3-deoxy-5-O-methyl-manno-2-octulosonic acid (5OMeKdo), and 3-deoxy-lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid (Dha). In addition, galacturonic acid, galactose, gulose, and arabinose are present. EDTA-extraction yielded an insoluble fraction that retains the shape of the cell walls and contains no 2-keto-sugar acids. Methylation analysis demonstrated the presence of terminal hexose, GalA, Dha, and Kdo as well as 2-substituted hexose, 4-or 8-substituted Kdo, and 4,8-disubstituted Kdo. However, most of the carbohydrate material (about 60%) was not methylated. Periodate oxidation of the cell wall preparation showed the presence of 2-substituted Gul, 4- or/and 5-substituted and 7- or/and 8-substituted Kdo, which is in agreement with the methylation analysis. Again, a significant amount of carbohydrate material was not degraded, indicating complex substitution patterns. Oligosaccharides were generated by partial hydrolysis and fractionated using gel permeation chromatography and high-pH anion-exchange chromatography. Oligosaccharides contained either GalA and Kdo, or Gal, Kdo, Dha, and Gul, respectively. The structure of a GalA and Kdo containing disaccharide was established using ¹ H NMR spectroscopy.     

二十碳五烯酸的菌种选育及发酵条件

利用含亚麻子油的斜面培养基连续传代和逐渐降低培养温度,诱导筛选的方法,从大量丝状真菌中选育到一株产二十碳五烯酸（all－cis－5、8、11、14、17－eicosopnthenoicacid）较高的被孢霉菌（Motierellasp．）SM481。研究得到最适培养基及最适培养条件。在最适培养及产二十碳五烯酸条件下,细胞干重和二十碳五烯酸产量分别为28．8g／L和0.127g／L。     

THE EFFECTS OF CARBAMYLCHOLINE ON INCORPORATION IN VIVO OF [1-14C]ARACHIDONIC ACID INTO GLYCEROLIPIDS OF MOUSE BRAIN

Abstract— The effects of carbamylcholine on incorporation of [1-¹⁴C]arachidonate into the glycerolipids in mouse brain synaptosome-rich and microsomal fractions were examined at 1, 3 and 10 min after intracerebral injection of the labeled precursor. When carbamylcholine was included with the labeled arachidonate, there was a decrease in the proportion of labeled fatty acid incorporated into the phospholipids. Among the phospholipids in the synaptosome-rich fraction, a decrease in incorporation of radioactivity into diacyl-glycerophosphoinositols and diacyl-glycerophosphocholines was observed at 1 and 3 min after injection. A decrease in labeling of diacyl-glycerophosphoethanolamines and diacyl-glycerophosphocholines in the microsomal fraction was observed at 3 and 10 min after injection. The decrease in phospholipid labeling was marked by an increase in labeling of diacylglycerols which was observed initially in the synaptosome-rich fraction, but also in the microsomal fraction at later time periods. Other lipid changes included an increase in triacylglycerol labeling which was found in the synaptosome-rich fraction and an increase in phosphatidic acid labeling which was found in the microsomal fraction. Results of the in vivo study have demonstrated changes in brain lipid metabolism during carbamylcholine stimulation. Furthermore, these changes appear to be initiated mainly in the synaptosome-rich fraction.     

Studies of polysaccharide fractions from the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa N.C.T.C. 1999.

Two polymeric water-soluble fractions were isolated by gel filtration after mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa N.C.T.C. 1999. The fraction of higher molecular weight retained the O-antigenic specificity of the lipopolysaccharide and may be 'side-chain' material. This fraction was rich in N (about 10%) and gave several basic amino compounds on acid hydrolysis; fucosamine (at least 2.8% w/w) was the only specifc component identified. The fraction of lower molecular weight was a phosphorylated polysaccharide apparently corresponding to 'core' material. The major components of this fraction and their approximate molar proportions were: glucose (3-4); rhamnose (1); heptose (2); 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid (1); galactosamine (1); alanine (1-1.5); phosphorus (6-7). In the intact lipopolysaccharide this fraction was probably linked to lipid A via a second residue of 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid, and probably also contained additional phosphate residues and ethanolamine. The residues of 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid were apparently substituted in the C-4 or C-5 position, and the phosphorylated heptose residues in the C-3 position. The rhamnose was mainly 2-substituted, though a little 3-substitution was detected. The glucose residues were either unsubstituted or 6-substituted. Four neutral oligosaccharides were produced by partial acid hydrolysis and were characterized by chemical, enzymic, chromatographic and mass-spectrometric methods of analysis. The structures assigned were: Glcpalpha1-6Glc; Glcpbeta1-2Rha; Rhapalpha1-6Glc; Glcpbeta1-2Rhapalpha1-6Glc. The galactosamine was substituted in the C-3 or C-4 position, the attachment of alanine was indicated, and evidence that the amino sugar linked the glucose-rhamnose region to the 'inner core' was obtained.     

Downstream processing and purification of eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) and arachidonic acids (20:4n-6) from the microalga Porphyridium cruentum

Eicosapentaenoic acid (FPA, 20:5n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-3)were obtained from the microalga Porphyridium cruentum by a three-stepprocess: fatty acid extraction by direct saponification of biomass,polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentration by urea inclusion complexingand EPA isolation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Twosolvents were tested for direct saponification of lipids in biomass. Themost efficient solvent, ethanol (96% v/v), extracted 75% ofthe fatty acids. PUFAs concentration by urea inclusion employed a urea/fattyacid ratio of 4:1 wt/wt at the crystallization temperatures of 4°C and28°C. Concentration factors were similar at both temperatures, but theEPA and AA recoveries were higher at 28°C (67.7% and 61.8%for the two acids, respectively). EPA and AA were purified from this PUFAconcentrate using analytical scale HPLC and the best results of thisseparation were scaled up to preparative level (4.7 i. d. × 30 cmcompression radial cartridge). A 94.3% pure EPA fraction and a81.4% pure AA fraction were obtained. Suitability of severalmicroalgae (Porphyridium cruentum, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Isochrysisgalbana) and cod liver oil as sources of highly pure PUFAs, mainly EPA, wascompared.     

凌霄花的化学成分与抗生育活性

对凌霄Campsisgrandiflora(Thunb .)K .Schum .的干燥花进行了化学成分研究 ,分离获得了 10个化合物 ,并且根据它们的物理化学性质及各种光谱数据鉴定了其中的 9个化合物。它们分别是 :三十一烷醇、α ,β 香树脂醇、β 谷甾醇、15 巯基 2 十五烷酮、芹菜素、胡萝卜甙、齐墩果酸、桂皮酸、acteoside。另一结构待定的化合物 ,暂定名为CG 10。除了其中的 β 谷甾醇、芹菜素和齐墩果酸外 ,其他化合物均首次从凌霄的花中获得。除化学成分的研究以外 ,我们还进一步考察了凌霄花乙醇浸膏的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、丙酮 :甲醇 (1∶1)、甲醇 5部分的提取部位 ,以及分到的齐墩果酸、胡萝卜甙、acteoside及CG 10等 4个化合物收缩离体孕小鼠子宫肌条的活性。首次报道了凌霄花抗生育活性部位的抗生育活性 ,其中丙酮 :甲醇 (1∶1)提取部位可以极显著的增强孕小鼠的离体子宫肌条的收缩强度 (P <0 .0 0 1)。这个研究结果提示在临床上可能有一定的应用价值。