甘肃省被子植物新资料

报道了甘肃省分布的菊科(Compositae)1个新记录属——母菊属(Matricaria Linn.)以及菊科、龙胆科(Gentianaceae)、唇形科(Labiatae)5个新记录种——同花母菊[Matricaria matricarioides(Less.)Porter ex Britton]、牛耳风毛菊(Saussurea woodiana Hemsl.)、打箭风毛菊(Saussurea tatsienensis Franch.)、南山龙胆(Gentiana grumii Kusnez.)和连翘叶黄芩(Scutellaria hypericifolia Lévl.)。     

中国喀喇昆仑山菊科春黄菊族植物研究

在野外实地考察的基础上,结合查阅有关标本,对中国喀喇昆仑山菊科春黄菊族植物进行了形态分类学研究.结果表明:中国喀喇昆仑山菊科春黄菊族共有5属28种2变种,分别占该区菊科植物属种总数的20.0%和30.8%;其中中国喀喇昆仑山新记录种2种--羽叶扁芒菊[Waldheimia tomentosa (Decne.) Regel]与草原绢蒿[Seriphidium schrenkianum (Ledeb.) Poljak],无本区特有种与仅分布种.该区春黄菊族植物寡种属占优势,但种级水平多种属(蒿属Artemisia L.)种数占优势;植物区系以温带性质为主,占总属数的80.0%;植物生活型以地面芽和地上芽植物为主,占总种数的92.8%.     

吉林省担子菌补记(八)

报道了6个吉林省新记录担子菌,即辅毛鬼伞[Coprinus radians(Desm.:Fr.)Fr.]、金黄拟蜡伞[Hy-grophoropsis aurantiaca(Wulf.:Fr.)Maire]、黄柄小菇[Mycena epipterygia(Scop.:Fr.)S.F.Gray]、黏柄小菇[Mycenarorida(Scop.:Fr.)Qu啨l.]、长齿白齿耳菌[Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii(Berk.)Mass.]和大刷革[Xylobo-lus princeps(Jungh.)Boidin]。其中,黏柄小菇同时为中国新记录种,其他5种首次在我国东北地区发现,拟蜡伞属和白齿耳菌属为吉林省新记录属。标本保存于吉林农业大学菌物标本馆(HMJAU)。     

广东省种子植物分布新资料

报道广东省种子植物分布新记录2属——甜茅属(Glyceria R. Br.)及锦鸡儿属(Caragana Fabr.)，2个新记录种——甜茅[Glyceria acutiflora subsp. japonica (Steud.) T. Koyama et Kawano]及锦鸡儿[Caragana sinica (Buc’hoz) Rehder]，均发现于丹霞山国家级自然保护区。新记录的发现对于研究丹霞山的区系发生具有一定指示意义。     

秦岭种子植物区系新记录

报道了秦岭种子植物区系4新记录属[杜若属(Pollia Thunb.)、美冠兰属(Eulophia R.Br.ex Lindl.)、常山属(Dichroa Lour.)和吊灯花属(Ceropegia Linn.)],8新记录种[川杜若Pollia miranda(Lévl.)Hara、长距美冠兰Eulophia dabia(D.Don)Hochr.、常山Dichroa febrifugaLour.、肉色土栾儿Apios carnea(Wall.)Benth.exBaker、柳叶蓬莱葛Gardneria lanceolata Rehd.et Wils.、显脉獐牙菜Swertia nervosa(G.Don)Wall.ex C.B.Clarke、皱果赤瓟Thladiantha henryi Hemsl.var.henryi和宝兴吊灯花Ceropegia paohsingensis Tsiang et P.T.Li]。     

湖南新记录植物

报道了产自湖南省沅陵县的2个湖南省植物新记录属[裸芸香属(Psilopeganum Hemsl.)、野丁香属(Leptodermis Wall.)]和7个湖南省新记录种[裸芸香(Psilopeganum sinense Hemsl.)、野丁香(Leptodermis potanini Batalin)、稻草石蒜(Lycoris straminea Lindl.)、珠芽虎耳草(Saxifragagranulifera Harry Smith)、祛风藤(Biondia microcentra(Tsiang)P.T.Li)、荠苨(Adenophora trachelioides Maxim.)和西南齿唇兰(Odontochilus elwesii C.B.Clarke ex J.D.Hooker)],并对新记录植物的地理意义进行了简要分析。     

福建被子植物分布新记录Ⅷ

在福建省中药资源普查及本土植物全覆盖调查过程中,发现福建植物2个新记录属——金瓜属(Gymnopetalum Arn.)、穿心草属(Canscora Lam.),4个新记录种——金瓜[Gymnopetalum chinense(Lour.)Merr.]、罗星草(Canscora andrographioides Griff.ex C.B.Clarke)、长毛野扁豆[Dunbaria crinita(Dunn)Maesen]、针齿铁仔(Myrsine semiserrata Wall.)。4种均为华东地区新记录。凭证标本存放于福建中医药大学标本馆和上海辰山植物标本馆(CSH)。     

山东莴苣亚族植物的修订

对山东现有的莴苣亚族的植物标本进行了研究,确定山东莴苣亚族植物有24种,分属于12个属,即：苦苣菜属(Sonchus L.)、乳苣属(mulgedium Cass.)、山柳菊属(Hieracium L.)、黄鹌菜属(Youngia Cass.)、福王草属(Prenanthes L.)、翅果菊属(Pterocypsela Shih)、莴苣属(Lactuca L.)、苦荬菜属(Ixeris Cass.)、小苦荬属(Ixeridium (A.Gray) Tzvel.)、沙苦荬属(Chorisis DC.)、黄瓜菜属(Paraixeris Nakai)和蒲公英属(Taraxacum L.)。发现1个新记录种：华蒲公英(Taraxacum borealisinense Kitam.)。     

中国的球盖菇科(五) 广义斑褶菇属

通过观察吉林农业大学菌物研究所标本馆(HMJAU)、中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本馆(HMAS)、广东微生物研究所标本馆(GDGM)及作者野外采集的共180份标本的宏观形态和微观结构,对中国球盖菇科的广义斑褶菇属及其所含的灰斑褶菇属(Copelandia Bres.)、疣孢斑褶菇属(Panaeolina Maire)和狭义斑褶菇属[Panaeolus(Fr.)Qul(s.str.)]进行了分类学研究,对中国分布的16个种进行了形态学描述、显微线条图绘制,并编写了分种检索表。其中,包括1个新组合:栗褶疣孢斑褶菇[Panaeolina castaneifolia(Murr.)Sarentoya et Tolgor];2个中国新记录种:热带灰斑褶菇[Copelandia tropicalis(Ola′h)SingerR.A.Weeks]、小型斑褶菇[Panaeolus alcidisM.M.Moser];12个省级新记录种:北京新记录种硬腿斑褶菇[Panaeolus solidipes(Peck)Sacc.],内蒙古新记录种硬腿斑褶菇[Panaeolus solidipes(Peck)Sacc.]、锐顶斑褶菇[Panaeolus acuminatus(Schaeff.)Qul.]、黑斑褶菇[Panaeolus ater(J.E.Lange)KhnerRomagn.]、紧缩斑褶菇[Panaeolus sphinctrinus(Fr.)Qul.]、红褐斑褶菇[Panaeolus subbalteatus(Berk.Broome)Sacc.],吉林省新记录种半卵圆斑褶菇[Panaeolus semiovatus(Sowerby)S.LundellNannf.]、栗褶疣孢斑褶菇[Panaeolina castaneifolia(Murrill)Bon],黑龙江新记录种红褐斑褶菇[Panaeolus subbalteatus(Berk.Broome)Sacc.],宁夏新记录种变蓝灰斑褶菇[Copelandiacyanescens(Berk.Broome)Singer]、锐顶斑褶菇[Panaeolus acuminatus(Schaeff.)Qul.],西藏新记录种红褐斑褶菇[Panaeolus subbalteatus(Berk.Broome)Sacc.]。     

吉林省担子菌补记(六)

报道了6个吉林省新记录担子菌,即青绿湿伞[Hygrocybepsittacina(Schaeff.:Fr.)W櫣ｎｓｃｈｅ],梭柄金钱菌[Collybiafusipes (Bull.:Fr.)Qu啨ｌ.],黄褐盔孢菌[Galerinahelvoliceps(Berk .etCurt.)Sing .],内鬼笔(EndophallusyunnanensisZangetPetersen) ,粉托鬼笔[Phallushadriani(Vent.)Pers.]和蓖齿地星(GeastrumpectinatumPers .)。其中,内鬼笔属为吉林省新记录属,青绿湿伞、梭柄金钱菌、内鬼笔和篦齿地星为首次在我国东北地区发现。标本存放在吉林农业大学标本馆(HMJAU)内。     

瑞香属和荛花属的数量分类研究

瑞香属和荛花属为瑞香科瑞香亚科的落叶或常绿灌木,中国西南部是瑞香属和荛花属的重要分化中心。全世界共有瑞香属95种、荛花属70种,中国分布有瑞香属52种、荛花属49种。瑞香属和荛花属的分类学研究一直存在不同程度的分歧。花盘形状和果实类型在传统分类中一直是区分瑞香属和荛花属的典型特征,而花盘形态和果实类型在2个属中存在交叉和过渡,部分植物分类学家根据这些特征将两个属进行过不同程度的归并。该研究采用数量分类法对瑞香属77种(变种)和荛花属62种(变种)植物,选取32个形态学性状进行聚类分析和主成分分析。结果表明:聚类分析和主成分分析均显示两属均未形成单系类群。在主成分分析中,前3个主成分分析的贡献值为35.56%,传统分类中用来区分两属的花盘形状、叶序及果实类型等特征对前3个主成分贡献相对较小,因此,传统分类学中对这两个属进行区分的性状并没有典型的分类学意义。同时,聚类图和主成分分析得到的散点图均不能将这两个属区分开来。数量分类研究结果显示两属植物存在明显的交叉,支持瑞香属和荛花属不是两个独立自然类群的观点。     

中国的兰伯特盘菌属和兰斯盘菌属

本文报道中国兰伯特盘菌属15种和兰斯盘菌属6个分类单元,其中小晚兰斯盘菌为新种.同时,提供了上述两个属的分种检索表.     

苦苣苔科植物Lysionotus bijantiae的名实订正

通过查阅相关文献和标本,作者发现近期发表的苦苣苔科吊石苣苔属植物一新种——Lysionotus bijantiae D. Borah & A. Joe实为鉴定错误,应是汉克苣苔属的长圆叶汉克苣苔[Henckelia oblongifolia(Roxb.)D. J. Middleton & Mich. Möller] [原长圆叶唇柱苣苔Chirita oblongifolia(Roxb.)Sinclair]。Lysionotus bijantiae的模式标本采集于中国西藏东南部地区的喜马拉雅南坡,该地区苦苣苔植物多样性较为丰富。作者因其花具2枚发育雄蕊而将其归于吊石苣苔属,花萼分裂不达基部而与吊石苣苔属其他相关种类比较,而忽略了其种子先端不具附属物的特征。通过电镜扫描观察到,该种在墨脱境内居群以及其模式产地居群的种子均无附属物,从而证实了该种不是吊石苣苔属的物种,而是属于汉克苣苔属。因此,作者将Lysionotus bijantiae处理为Henckelia oblongifolia的新异名,同时提供了长圆叶汉克苣苔的彩色图片(含种子扫描图)、选定模式标本,并给出了吊石苣苔属和汉克苣苔属的区分方法和主要识别特征,不仅为这两个属的物种鉴定提供了参考,而且避免更多的物种分类混淆问题出现。     

Phylogeny and biogeography of Chinese and Australasian Polystichum ferns as inferred from chloroplast trnL-F and rps4-trnS sequence data

Polystichum, one of the largest genera of ferns, occurs worldwide with the greatest diversity in southwest China and adjacent regions. Although there have been studies of Chinese Polystichum on its traditional classification, geographic distributions, and even a few on its molecular systematics, its relationships to other species outside China remain little known. Here, we investigated the phylogeny and biogeography of the Polystichum species from China and Australasia. The evolutionary relationships among 42 Polystichum species found in China (29 taxa) and Australasia (13 taxa) were inferred from phylogenetic analyses of two chloroplast DNA sequence data sets: rps4-trnS and trnL-F intergenic spacers. The divergence time between Chinese and Australasian Polystichum was estimated. The results indicated that the Australasian species comprise a monophyletic group that is nested within the Chinese diversity, and that the New Zealand species are likewise a monophyletic group nested within the Australasian species. The divergence time estimates suggested that Chinese Polystichum migrated into Australasia from around 40 Ma ago, and from there to New Zealand from about 14 Ma. The diversification of the New Zealand Polystichum species began about 10 Ma. These results indicated that Polystichum probably originated in eastern Asia and migrated into Australasia: first into Australia and then into New Zealand.     

中国裸瘦足蝇属两新种（双翅目：瘦足蝇科）

记述中国瘦足蝇科裸瘦足蝇属Cliobata Enderlein 2新种:浅褐裸瘦足蝇Cliobata ecruis sp. nov.和周氏裸瘦足蝇Cliobata choui sp. nov.。浅褐裸瘦足蝇的鉴别特征为体浅褐色,胸部褐色具黄色斑;翅近端部具宽的透明带;生殖叉褐色,其臂部几乎与基部等长,臂基部中央具新月形凹陷。周氏裸瘦足蝇的鉴别特征为体黑色;翅近端部透明带窄;生殖叉黑褐色,其臂部长于基部,臂基部中央具半圆形凹陷。新种模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆。     

IMI与K标本室中生于大戟科植物上链格孢属的种Ⅱ.大戟属,铁苋菜属和守宫木属上的种

本文系作者继大戟属(Euphorbia L.)、守宫木属(Sauropus B1.)和铁苋菜属(Acalypha L.)植物上链格孢属(Alternaria Nees)真菌研究(Zhang, 1995)之后,对生于大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)其它属植物上一些链格孢真菌种级分类单位评鉴结果的后续报道.内容包括:一个新种,巴豆生链格孢(A. croronicola T. Y.Zhang & J. C. David), Macrosporium compactum Cooke:对其模式标本(holotype)进行T订正、巴豆链格孢[A.crotonis kamal,Singh & Kumar]:提出关于新模式(neotype)标本的建议;对蓖麻链格孢[A. ricini(yoshii)Hansford]典型性状作了补充描述.此外,还在大戟科其它一些植物上检查到长极链格孢[A. longissima Deighton et MacGarvie]和细极链格孢[A. tenuissima(Nees ez Fr.) Wiltshire]。     

The pollination ecology of Pedicularis rex subsp. lipkyana and P. rex subsp. rex (Orobanchaceae) from Sichuan, southwestern China

Pedicularis is one of few genera for which pollination ecology has been studied extensively. Although over half of the species of Pedicularis are found in the mountains of southwestern China, pollination ecology has been studied there on a few species only. The present paper reports pollination ecology of Pedicularis rex subsp. lipskyana and P. rex subsp. rex from Sichuan, southwestern China. The two subspecies are nectariferous, with sugar content 28% in P. rex lipskyana and 22% in P. rex, respectively. The flowers of the two subspecies are adapted to pollination by bumblebee workers. Bumblebees are the primary and effective pollinators although honeybees were also observed pollinating P. rex subsp. lipskyana at one studied population. Usually bumblebees entered the corolla tube from the right side in an upright or a nearly half-inverted position to imbibe nectar located at the base of the corolla tube. The stigma usually contacts the side region of the thorax and abdomen or occasionally directly contacted pollen loads, leading to pollination of flowers. Much less commonly, bumblebees foraged on flowers of P. rex subsp. rex in an inverted position for pollen, which pollinated flowers sternotribically. We suggest that pollination mechanism is closely associated with floral morphology. Some important differences were found from a previous study on P. rex in floral morphology and the primary pollination mechanism.     

A morphological cladistic analysis of Lecythidoideae with emphasis on Bertholletia, Corythophora, Eschweilera, and Lecythis

A cladistic analysis was conducted to test the monophyly of Eschweilera and Lecythis as well as to examine the relationships of these two genera and their close relatives Bertholletia and Corythophora. The study included 86 species, representing all four genera and covering the range of taxonomic and morphological variation in the genera. The data matrix included 49 parsimony-informative characters derived from vegetative, floral, fruit, and seed morphology and anatomy. The results based on the consensus of all most parsimonious trees indicate that Bertholletia, Corythophora, Eschweilera, and Lecythis form a clade supported by brachyparacytic stomata, the absence of pedicels (with subsequent reversals in several clades), a two or four-locular ovary, the presence of an aril, and the absence of cotyledons. Within the clade, the monophyly of Corythophora is supported by the presence of inflorescence scales and the absence of nectar. Eschweilera is monophyletic only if E. congestiflora and E. simiorum are excluded. The monophyly of Eschweilera is supported by the presence of a two-locular ovary. Lecythis is not monophyletic, but sections Corrugata, Pisonis, and Poiteaui are monophyletic. Three species of section Lecythis are more closely related to Eschweilera, and other species of section Lecythis along with Bertholletia excelsa remain as unresolved.     

中国炭黑粉菌属及近似属(黑粉菌目)

本文报道我国炭黑粉菌属12种,其中新种1个,即小孢炭黑粉菌Anthracoidea microspora L. Guo;中国新记录种4个,即柄囊苔草炭黑粉菌Anthracoidea eleocharidis,林氏炭黑粉菌Anthracoidea lindebergiae(Kukkonen) Kukkonen,迷炭黑粉菌Anthracoidea misandrae Kukkonen和尼泊尔炭黑粉菌Anthracoidea nepalensis Kakishima & Ono,及核黑粉菌2种和异腥黑粉菌1种。     

钟冠报春苣苔(苦苣苔科)的分类鉴定

原唇柱苣苔属(Chirita Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don)为一个人为界定的属, 2011年在分子系统学研究的基础上对该属及其近缘属开展了系统发育重建工作,其中绝大部分的原唇柱苣苔属唇柱苣苔组(Sect. Gibbosaccus C. B. Clark)的物种被并入了广义报春苣苔属(Primulina Hance)。然而,由于历史原因和早期经典分类学在研究方法上的局限性以及对现报春苣苔属部分物种的营养器官与生殖器官的认知不够,该属下一些物种的分类仍存在一些问题,亟待深入研究。比如,在对中国和越南分布的苦苣苔科植物开展研究的过程中,作者发现两个报春苣苔属的物种——广布于中国西南和华南直至中南半岛中部的钟冠报春苣苔[Primulina swinglei(Merr.)Mich. Möller & A. Weber]命名人和原被认为是中国与广西特有种的疏花报春苣苔[P. laxiflora(W. T. Wang)Yin. Z. Wang]之间的鉴定存在分类学问题,需要进一步厘清两者之间的关系。该文对这两个物种进行了形态比较,同时通过对这两种植物的原始描述对比、植物标本检查、栽培观察以及野外实地观察,确定疏花报春苣苔是钟冠报春苣苔的异名。此外,还明确了钟冠报春苣苔的后选指定模式标本。