氯雷他定片剂一致性评价研究方法

为改善我国部分仿制药质量与国际先进水平还存在一定差距的现状,《国家药品安全“十二五”规划》中明确提出了开展仿制药一 致性评价,全面提高仿制药质量的任务。氯雷他定片作为抗过敏药物的主要品种之一,需在 2018 年底前完成一致性评价。基于现有质量和 疗效一致性评价指导原则与相关研究报道,针对氯雷他定原料药的晶型研究、原辅料杂质的比较研究、片剂溶出曲线的比较方法以及生物 等效性试验研究等进行了总结和概括,并对有待解决的共性问题进行了讨论。     

仿制药一致性评价中有关物质研究的思考

有关物质是药品的关键质量属性之一,也是仿制药一致性评价的重要内容,其涉及药品的安全性及其质量的可控性。文章梳理了 仿制药有关物质的来源及研究重点,评估仿制药有关物质的文献分析方法,总结归纳仿制药与被仿制药实际样品的杂质谱分析比较及其 意义,探讨杂质限度的确定原则与方法。     

仿制药一致性评价品种的美国简略新药申请申报策略

文章从产品的开发以及申报资料的撰写等方面探究仿制药一致性评价品种的美国简略新药申请申报策略,为中国仿制药国际化战 略提供参考。     

药物经济学在仿制药一致性评价中的运用

药物经济学评价作为新兴学科,在目前如火如荼的仿制药一致性评价中得到广泛关注。文章在简介药物经济学评价基本方法的基础 上,对制药企业在仿制药一致性评价过程中的经济学问题及对策进行了探讨。     

我国仿制药人体生物等效性临床试验研究室建设的现状与发展路径

我国开展仿制药一致性评价最主要的困难之一是临床试验资源不足,解决办法是考虑将生物等效性临床试验资格认定调整为备案 管理。因此,对备案的医疗机构建设生物等效性试验研究室是一个潜在的挑战。文章分析了国内当前具备生物等效性 / I期临床资质的 机构、分布、承担项目能力及生物等效性临床试验机构、药物分析实验室和合同研究组织之间的关系等,对仿制药生物等效性临床试验 研究室的建设内容和规模展开讨论,供业内及监管部门参考。     

基于一致性评价导向的国家基本药物口服制剂信息集萃

初步整理了国家基本药物口服制剂信息,包括药物疾病分类、中英文通用名、剂型、规格、国产批文数量、原研公司、原研商品名、 原研剂型、原研规格、BCS分类等,旨在为仿制药一致性评价工作提供借鉴。     

单克隆抗体仿制药物的结构分析策略

市场高达数千亿美元的单克隆抗体药物即将结束专利保护期,这对发展中国家产业升级,提高国民医疗水平,都是一次难得的战略机遇。然而,单抗类蛋白仿制药的研发与质控工作难度巨大,必须使用液相色谱-质谱联用技术进行分析。针对单抗仿制药结构必须进行的分析项目(氨基酸序列表达正确性、糖基化修饰形态相似性、以及高级结构统一致性)的液质分析方法进行了系统介绍。此外还就分析工作效率及质控过程的法规依从问题予以讨论。     

2013 年美国仿制药市场发展动态（Ⅰ）

汤森路透Newport PremiumTM 数据库收集来自全球仿制药市场的可靠信息，为制造企业在寻找评估新产品项目，以及制定企业发展战略的过程中提供权威的分析数据。汤森路透借助该数据库提供的战略情报和竞争性分析信息，为美国仿制药行业提供季度报告。本期报告介绍了2013 年第1 季度在美国仿制药市场上声名鹊起的几家公司，并从总体上对仿制药市场的趋势及统计结果进行了分析。     

生物药和生物仿制药三维构像的指纹化分析

云桥生物技术公司最近开发的蛋白质构象矩阵ELISA技术(PCA-ELISA)能从分子水平上系统、灵敏并且快速的分析蛋白质药物的三维构象。最近美国的《医疗保健法》需确认为仿制药的审批和商业化指明了道路,届时将引起目前已上市的主要的生物药间的激烈竞争。如何保持生物仿制药与原创药的高度相似是目前生物制药产业所面临的巨大挑战,而争论的焦点集中在仿制药与原创     

多变量置信区间法和模型依赖法在溶出曲线 相似性比较中的应用

根据 FDA 和 CFDA 口服固体制剂溶出度试验技术指导原则的要求,为防止仿制药一致性评价过程中相似因子(f2)法的滥用和 不恰当应用,采用样本数据实例演示的方式说明多变量置信区间法和模型依赖法作为补充手段在溶出曲线相似性比较和 BE 风险预评估中 的重要性。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV