基于高效液相指纹图谱及网络药理学预测分析山银花质量标志物

山银花具清热解毒、疏散风热功效,应用前景广阔。目前《中国药典》仅将绿原酸、灰毡毛忍冬皂苷乙及川续断皂苷乙作为山银花质量评价指标,不能全面评价山银花质量。本研究建立了山银花HPLC指纹图谱,对29批山银花进行相似度评价,应用聚类分析和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)初步筛选出山银花8个潜在Q-Marker;通过网络药理学构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络图,进一步分析验证山银花潜在Q-Marker的有效性。本研究发现绿原酸、异绿原酸A、新绿原酸、獐芽菜苷、异绿原酸B、灰毡毛忍冬皂苷乙、咖啡酸、川续断皂苷乙可作为山银花质量标志物,其为较全面评价山银花药材质量提供了科学依据。     

UPLC指纹图谱结合化学模式识别评价白芷药材质量

为建立白芷药材UPLC指纹图谱测定方法,并用于白芷药材的质量评价。研究采用Waters UPLC超高效液相色谱仪,ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长254 nm,建立10批白芷药材的UPLC指纹图谱。采用对照品化学指认,并结合相似度评价、聚类分析(CA)、主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)等模式识别技术,对不同产地和处理方式的白芷药材的总体质量进行分析评价。建立的指纹图谱方法符合方法学要求,指纹图谱共标定22个共有峰,经对照品进行化学指认共鉴定了其中10个色谱峰;通过相似度评价、CA、PCA结果可知不同产地白芷药材质量有差异,且硫磺熏蒸对白芷药材品质有较大影响;最后采用OPLS-DA和组间差异性分析,筛选出了导致白芷药材质量差异的主要标志性成分。本研究建立的指纹图谱结合化学模式识别方法可用于白芷药材的质量控制和品质评价。     

芦荟的HPLC指纹图谱建立、化学模式识别分析及其含量测定

采用Phenomenex C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-乙腈-0.3%磷酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,建立芦荟的指纹图谱。运用化学模式识别方法对不同产地芦荟药材质量控制方法进行评价。结果表明:12批芦荟HPLC指纹图谱共标定23个共有峰,并通过对照品指认其中6个成分;除了广西的3批药材之外,其他药材相似度都在0.93以上;聚类分析和主成分分析将12批芦荟分为3类;利用正交偏最小二乘判别法筛选出芦荟药材差异的5个色谱峰,并以相同HPLC法对其进行含量测定。本文将HPLC指纹图谱与化学模式识别相结合的方法简便准确,为芦荟药材的质量控制和品质评价提供依据。     

不同产地桔梗HPLC指纹图谱及化学模式识别研究

为建立桔梗HPLC指纹图谱并对其质量控制方法进行探讨。研究采用YMC Hydrosphere C_(18)分析色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm),以水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长210 nm。建立不同产地15批桔梗药材HPLC指纹图谱。采用相似度评价、聚类分析、主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析等化学模式识别方法对不同产地桔梗质量及其控制方法进行分析和评价。建立的桔梗HPLC指纹图谱共标定21个共有峰,并通过对照品指认其中7个成分;不同产地桔梗相似度在0.927～0.991之间;聚类分析和主成分分析结果都将15批桔梗分为3类,利用正交偏最小二乘判别分析筛选出造成桔梗差异的13个色谱峰。本研究建立的HPLC指纹图谱结合化学模式识别的方法简便准确,能够为桔梗的质量控制和品质评价提供依据。     

不同产地茅苍术水溶性成分的HPLC指纹图谱研究

采用HPLC-ELSD法建立了茅苍术[Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.)DC.]水溶性成分的指纹图谱,并对不同产地野生与栽培茅苍术水溶性成分的指纹图谱进行了比较分析.结果表明,采用HPLC-ELSD法获得的茅苍术水溶性成分指纹图谱稳定、可靠、重复性好;供试茅苍术水溶性成分的保留时间一般在65 min之内,共有16个典型的共有色谱峰;供试茅苍术样品的指纹图谱与对照模式色谱图的相似度较高,说明该指纹图谱可作为茅苍术水溶性化学成分的特征指纹图谱.江苏产野生与栽培茅苍术水溶性成分的化学组成基本一致,以倍半萜苷类为主,主要成分均为苍术苷A;湖北产野生茅苍术水溶性成分的倍半萜苷类总含量较高,但主要成分不是苍术苷A.     

黄花菜药材性状鉴别、HPLC指纹图谱建立及多组分含量测定

通过性状鉴别、含量测定和指纹图谱建立三个方面开展黄花菜药材质量研究,首先对不同产地黄花菜润湿后展开,测量各结构数据,并对测量结果进行相关性分析。其次采用HPLC法测定多批次黄花菜指纹图谱及主要成分含量,并对各批次指纹图谱进行相似性评价和主成分分析。本实验建立了黄花菜药材HPLC指纹图谱,确定了45个共有峰,根据对照品指认了4个共有峰,并对其含量进行测定。实验结果显示黄花菜药材的外部形态具有显著性差异,且和产地、海拔、经纬度等有一定的关联。研究结果可以为黄花菜药材的质量控制提供可靠评价方法。     

月季花标准汤剂UPLC指纹图谱及多指标成分定量研究

建立月季花(Rosae Chinensis Flos)标准汤剂UPLC指纹图谱,为月季花标准汤剂质量控制提供参考。通过超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)建立20批月季花标准汤剂指纹图谱,共有色谱峰通过质谱分析和对照品比对进行指认,采用相似度评价结合化学模式识别方法探究影响月季花标准汤剂质量的特征性成分,并同时测定主要色谱峰中的8个成分的含量。结果建立了月季花标准汤剂的UPLC指纹图谱,并标定出15个共有峰,20批样品相似度在0.983～0.999;聚类分析(HCA)和主成分分析(PCA)将样品分为4类,结合偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)筛选出11个标志性化合物,通过质谱鉴定和对照品确认了8个成分;含量测定结果显示,河南省周口市的月季花标准汤剂没食子酸、鞣花酸、异槲皮苷、紫云英苷和槲皮素含量显著高于其他产地的样品。研究建立的月季花标准汤剂分析方法稳定可行,方法重现性好,能够为月季花标准汤相关制剂开发、质量标准研究提供参考。     

滁菊的HPLC指纹图谱制作及其化学计量学分析

建立滁菊的HPLC指纹图谱,结合化学计量学手段对不同滁菊的指纹图谱进行分析研究,以期为滁菊的质量控制和产地追溯提供依据。采用HPLC法建立指纹图谱,并用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)和系统聚类、主成分分析2种化学计量学法对指纹图谱和特征峰进行分析。分析结果发现样品有27个共有峰,12个滁菊样品具有较高的相似度,杭菊与滁菊的相似度较差,聚类分析与主成分分析结果和相似度分析结果一致。将HPLC指纹图谱与化学计量学结合可对滁菊进行鉴别和质量评价,为其质量控制和追溯提供了理论参考。     

川芎HPLC—APCI—MS特征图谱方法研究

建立川芎中药高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离质谱（HPLC-DAD-APCI—MS）特征指纹图谱的分析方法。采用HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS联用技术,对川芎甲醇提取物中活性成分进行了分离和初步鉴定,并对10批不同来源的川芎样品和1批当归样品进行分析,建立川芎有效部位的特征图谱。本文所建立的色谱方法精密度、重现性、稳定性良好,采用APCI—MS共计鉴定出川芎甲醇提取物中10种有效成分,酚酸类化合物为：ferulic acid;苯酞类化合物：senkyunolide I、senkyunolide H、senkyunolide A、3-butylphthalide、coniferylferulate、Z-ligustilide、E—butyli—denephthalide;苯酞二聚体类化合物：riligustilide、levistolide A。该方法是川芎药材质量控制的可靠方法。     

基于UPLC指纹图谱及2种化学成分含量测定的月季花质量分析CSCD

建立月季花(Rosae Chinensis Flos,RCF)UPLC指纹图谱及月季花金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷的含量测定方法,对不同产地月季花质量进行评价,并应用于同科属植物玫瑰花的研究。运用UPLC建立月季花指纹图谱方法,匹配共有峰,并对各共有峰进行归属分析,采用SPSS 20.0、SIMCA 14.1软件对数据进行聚类分析和主成分分析;同法测定月季花中金丝桃苷和异槲皮苷的总含量及玫瑰花(Rosae Rugosae Flos,RRF)的指纹图谱。建立的月季花药材UPLC指纹图谱共标定30个共有峰,通过对照品比对,指认了10个成分;聚类分析结果显示,当聚类距离为10时,可将15批月季花分为5类,主成分分析结果与聚类分析结果基本一致;含量测定结果显示15批月季花药材的金丝桃苷与异槲皮苷总含量范围为3.88~8.67 mg/g,不同产地月季花药材金丝桃苷与异槲皮苷总含量具有一定差异;所建立的指纹图谱方法同样适用于同科属植物玫瑰花的质量控制研究。建立的月季花指纹图谱及含量测定分析方法可行,可为月季花后续研究提供参考。     

Akebia saponin D, a saponin component from Dipsacus asper Wall, protects PC 12 cells against amyloid-β induced cytotoxicity

According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is regarded as senile dementia, and the etiopathogenesis lies in kidney deficiency during aging. Dipsacus asper Wall (DAW), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for enhancing kidney activity, may possess the therapeutic effects against AD. Our objectives were to investigate the protective effects of DAW against the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ)-induced cytotoxicity and explore its major active components. Injury of PC 12 cells mediated by Aβ_25–35 was adopted to assess the cytoprotective effects of DAW aqueous extract and various fractions. Salvianolic acid B, a polyphenol compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, was employed as a positive control agent due to its markedly protective effect against neurotoxicity of amyloid β. Five chemical fractions (i.e. alkaloids, essential oil, saponins, iridoid glucoside and polysaccharides) were prepared for activity test and analyzed by HPLC for active components identification. In addition, Akebia saponin D (the most important compound in DAW saponins) and hederagenin (the mother nucleus of akebia saponin D) were prepared for testing of their activity. DAW water extract, saponins fraction and akebia saponin D had the neuroprotective capacity to antagonize Aβ_25–35-induced cytotoxicity in PC 12 cells. In contrast, other fractions and hederagenin had no cytoprotective action. This research suggests that DAW may represent a potential treatment strategy for AD and akebia saponin D is one of its active components.     

Fingerprint profile of Ginkgo biloba nutritional supplements by LC/ESI-MS/MS

Ginkgo biloba is one of the most popular herb nutrition supplements, with terpene lactones and flavonoids being the two major active components. A fingerprint profile method was developed using a capillary HPLC/MS method which can identify more than 70 components from the G. biloba product. The method allows the flavonoids and terpene lactones to be detected simultaneously and information of both the parent ion and its fragmentation can be obtained in just one HPLC/MS run. Targeted post-acquisition analysis allows mass spectrometric information regarding the identification of flavonoid components to be easily distinguished from other data, however the same approach for terpene lactones was less successful due to dimer formation and requires further development. The fingerprint profiles of five commercial G. biloba nutritional supplements were obtained and compared; variation of some components among the samples was observed and fortification could be detected. In the quality control analysis of the G. biloba product this method could be viewed as complementary to specific quantitative analysis of some bioactive components of the herb.     

基于HPLC—MS的西藏天麻的化学成分分析与品质鉴定

目的：天麻具有许多药理作用和重要开发价值,通过探索天麻的未知化学成分和鉴定西藏天麻种群的品质,为深入研究、开发和利用西藏优良天麻种群提供科学技术支持。方法：本研究采用HLPC．MS（液质联用）技术测定西藏天麻的化学成分;采用高效液相色谱技术测定西藏6个天麻种群的生化指纹图谱,利用天麻素峰面积、数学公式和SPSS软件,计算和比较西藏6个天麻种群的平均天麻素含量和各种化学成分分离峰的总面。结果：从天麻块茎中发现了33个未报道的化学物质;西藏天麻的生化指纹图谱具有7个较大的共有特征分离峰,分别位于1．854、2．759、7．279、7．591、8．500、9．557、10．753min;根据生化指纹图谱特征可将它们分为三个主要类型;凡是带有一型生化指纹图谱的天麻个体和种群往往舍有更高的天麻素和更大的分离峰总面积。品质更优良。结论：西藏天麻种群3和种群6以一型生化指纹图谱为主,其天麻素含量最高,分离峰总面积最大,品质最优良,具有重要研究、开发和保护价值。本研究成果对于天麻的化学成分分析与鉴定、天麻种群和品质鉴定与评价以及西藏天麻的品种选优、资源保护与利用具有重要指导意义和科学价值。     

中国红参化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

目的:研究五加科人参属常用中药红参的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱层析、反相柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析、半制备液相色谱等方法分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果:从红参中分离并鉴定5个化合物,结构分别为:异麦芽酚甘露糖苷(isomaltol-3-α-D-O-mannopyranoside 1),人参皂苷Rc(2),麦芽酚(3),β-谷甾醇(4),棕榈酸(5)。结论:化合物1为首次从五加科中分离得到。     

HPLC fingerprinting and LC-TOF-MS analysis of the extract of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax root

High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) was developed for fingerprint analysis of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) technique was first employed to identify the components of the fingerprint. Twelve major peaks in chromatographic fingerprint were analyzed by on-line LC-TOF-MS analysis; one cyclic peptide was unequivocally identified and five cyclic peptides were tentatively assigned based on their MS data. These cyclic peptides served as the marker peaks in the HPLC fingerprints. The chromatographic fingerprints have been analyzed by similarity index calculations and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). The result showed that the HPLC fingerprints could be used to determine the optimal harvest time for P. heterophylla (Miq.) Pax and to authenticate the species of the herb.     

Metabolic profiling of saponins in Medicago sativa and Medicago truncatula using HPLC coupled to an electrospray ion-trap mass spectrometer

Triterpene saponins isolated from Medicago sativa (alfalfa) and Medicago truncatula roots were separated, profiled and identified using an optimized, reversed-phase HPLC with on-line photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method (HPLC/PDA/ESI/MS). ESI source polarity and solvent conditions were compared. The effects of these parameters on mass spectral attributes were determined. Ion structures were confirmed using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Fifteen saponins were identified in alfalfa (cultivars Apollo, Radius, and Kleszczewska) based upon negative-ion HPLC/PDA/ESI/MS, HPLC/PDA/ESI/MS/MS and literature data. In addition, the identification of two new malonated saponins in alfalfa are proposed. Negative-ion HPLC/PDA/ESI/MS and HPLC/PDA/ESI/MS/MS spectra were utilized along with HPLC retention times to profile and identify 27 saponins in M. truncatula (cultivar Jemalong, A17). M. truncatula yielded a much more complex mixture of saponins than observed for alfalfa. The authors are not aware of any previous reports identifying saponin glycosides in M. truncatula.     

新疆雪莲的高效液相指纹图谱及液-质联用分析

建立新疆雪莲药材的高效液相指纹图谱。以Luna C18为分析柱,用乙腈-0.1%醋酸梯度洗脱,获得分离度较好的新疆雪莲药材HPLC分析条件。通过10批样品的分析和对照,标示出12个共有峰,相似度分析大于0.92。最后通过HPLC-UV-MS/MS联用分析鉴定出其中7个化学成分。该方法可为新疆雪莲药材指纹图谱和质量分析方法的建立提供参考。     

广西铁皮石斛HPLC指纹图谱研究

采用HPLC法建立广西铁皮石斛提取液的指纹图谱,运用相似度评价药材质量。结果表明,在13个共有峰构成的铁皮石斛指纹图谱中,有11批药材相似度均在0.8以上,2批的相似度较差,未达到0.8,表明相似度大小与药材的产地有关。通过对栽培铁皮石斛不同部位药材的指纹图谱峰面积的比较,不提倡对药材提早采收。3批组织培养铁皮石斛的图谱相似度较低,说明培养到不同阶段的铁皮石斛材料组织培养物,其化学成分相差较大。     

Fingerprint analysis of Psoralea corylifolia L. by HPLC and LC-MS

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for fingerprint analysis of Psoralea corylifolia. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MSn) technique was first employed to identify the components of the fingerprint. The samples were separated with an Alltima C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) by linear gradient elution using water-acetic acid (A; 100:0.1, v/v) and acetonitrile (B; 0 min, 40%; 15 min, 50%; 35 min, 60%; 45 min, 70%; 55 min, 80%; and maintained for 5 min) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and detector wavelength at 245 nm. A standard procedure was developed for HPLC fingerprint analysis. Average chromatogram of 10 batches of P. corylifolia L. from Sichuan and Henan Provinces, PR China, which has been considered as the original and genuine herbal medicine for a long time, was first established as the characteristic fingerprint. There are 12 common peaks in this fingerprint. Ten of these common peaks were identified by MS data. This profile was then used to identify and assess the differences among the herb grown in various areas of China. The HPLC fingerprint analysis is specific and may serve for quality identification and comprehensive evaluation of P. corylifolia.