疏绵状嗜热丝孢菌原生质体的制备与再生

以疏绵状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)为供试菌株,研究了菌龄、酶的种类及浓度、酶解时间、酶解温度和稳渗剂对原生质体制备的影响及稳渗剂对原生质体再生的影响。结果表明,制备嗜热丝孢菌原生质体比较适宜的条件为:PDB液体培养基培养28 h,以0.7 mol/L NaCl为稳渗剂,0.15 mol/L的溶壁酶,30℃酶解4 h。原生质体再生以0.7 mol/L蔗糖作稳渗剂为最佳。     

杏鲍菇原生质体制备与再生条件初探

研究酶浓度、酶解时间、酶解温度、培养时间、稳渗剂种类、pH值和几种再生培养基对杏鲍菇原生质体制备与再生的影响。最适条件为 :在 30℃、pH5 .5、1.5 %溶壁酶条件下 ,以 0 .6mol L甘露醇作为稳渗剂 ,酶解 2 .5h ,原生质体产量达到 2 .90× 10 7个 mL。将所得原生质体过滤、纯化、稀释后涂布再生培养基 ,再生率为 0 .18%。为利用原生质体技术进行杏鲍菇育种奠定了基础。     

桃褐腐病菌(Monilia fructigena)原生质体制备及再生条件

以桃褐腐病菌(Monilia fructigena)为供试菌株,研究了酶系组成、液体培养基、菌龄、酶解温度、酶解时间对原生质体制备的影响,以及等渗液、固体再生培养基、酶解时间对原生质体再生的影响。结果表明:Fries(1/2)液体培养基培养24h,在10mg/mL崩溃酶+5mg/mL纤维素酶+20mg/mL蜗牛酶+10mg/mL溶菌酶的混合酶液中28°C酶解4h为桃褐腐病菌原生质体制备的最佳条件。采用液体再生涂布平板法,以含Ca2+的STC为等渗液的液体培养基和含蔗糖及Ca2+的Fries(1/2)固体培养基为桃褐腐病菌原生质体再生的最佳条件。经过观察与测定,再生菌株保持了原有的培养性状和致病性,接种桃果实后发病率为100%。     

花脸香蘑原生质体的制备及再生条件

以珍稀食用菌花脸香蘑菌丝为原材料,对原生质体制备与再生条件进行系统研究,并通过响应面法优化酶解液种类、酶解温度、酶解时间和稳渗剂等影响因素。结果表明以0.6mol/mL甘露醇作稳渗剂,在以1%溶菌酶+1%蜗牛酶+1%纤维素酶为复合酶解液,酶解温度为30℃,60-70r/min摇床振荡培养条件下,酶解4h,原生质体产量达到2.31×10⁷CFU/mL,在以蔗糖为稳渗剂的液体培养基上再生率达到25%。研究结果可为花脸香蘑后期研究提供依据。     

竹黄菌原生质体的制备与再生分析

为了提高竹黄菌(Shiraia bambusicola P.Hennings)中原生质体用于遗传转化时的转化效率,研究竹黄菌原生质体制备及再生的最佳条件,建立竹黄菌原生质体的高效遗传转化体系。本研究以竹黄菌为材料,采用正交试验分析方法,对影响竹黄菌原生质体制备及再生的主要因素,不同酶解时间、酶解温度、渗透压稳定剂及菌龄、不同再生培养基等进行了系统的研究。结果表明,以0.6 mol/L Na Cl为稳渗剂,用组合酶(质量分数1%裂解酶和质量分数1.5%崩溃酶按4:6体积比混合)在33℃条件下对菌龄为6 d的菌丝体酶解2 h,原生质体产量最高,达到10.57×10~6个/m L;以0.6 mol/L蔗糖为稳渗剂,用组合酶(质量分数1%裂解酶和质量分数1.5%崩溃酶按4:6体积比混合)在29℃条件下对菌龄为4 d的菌丝体酶解2 h,原生质体再生率最高,为0.293%;最适合竹黄菌原生质体再生的培养基是TB3再生培养基。     

白腐真菌原生质体制备和再生条件的研究

对影响白腐真菌(5．776)原生质体制备和再生的条件：包括菌龄、水解酶液的种类及浓度、酶解温度、酶解时间、再生培养基的稳渗剂的选择进行了研究。通过单因素比较分析和正交实验得到最适合的白腐真菌原生质体制备和再生条件。结果表明：当菌龄为58h,采用1%纤维素酶和1%蜗牛酶(2：1)混合液,酶解温度30℃,酶解时间180min,用0．7mol/L氯化钠作渗透压稳压剂,白腐真菌(5．776)原生质体的形成数和再生率均比优化前大为提高,原生质体形成量为8．36×10~5个/mL,原生质体再生率为9．12%。     

茯苓原生质体制备与再生条件的研究

研究了酶、酶解时间、菌龄、稳渗剂等对茯苓原生质体制备与再生的影响。茯苓原生质体制备的最佳条件为:纤维素酶(1．5%)和蜗牛酶(1．5%)的等量混合酶解系统,酶解时间3h,7d菌龄菌丝,产量可达1．77×10~7个/mL。以甘露醇为稳渗剂,采用CYM再生培养基,酶解时间3h,7d菌龄菌丝,其原生质体再生率最高,为0．164%。这一结果为茯苓通过原生质体技术进行菌种改良提供了重要技术参数。     

羊肚菌原生质体制备与再生*

羊肚菌原生质体制备的最佳条件为以培养3d的菌丝体为材料,0.6mol/L蔗糖溶液为稳渗剂,1.5%浓度的溶壁酶30℃条件下酶解3个小时,可得原生质体产量最高为3.35×106个/100mg.以0.6mol/L的蔗糖溶液做稳渗剂,CYM再生培养基上得到原生质体再生率为0.171%.这一研究结果为羊肚菌通过原生质体技术进行菌株的遗传改良提供了重要技术参数.     

轮梗霉原生质体的制备

本文比较了酶浓度,菌龄,渗透压稳定剂以及酶解温度和时间等因素地轮梗霉原生质体得率的影响,结果基本获得了制备原生质体的适宜条件;用0．6mol/L甘露醇稳渗剂配制成的4％纤维素酶和0．5％蜗牛酶混合酶,35℃酶解培养了30h的菌丝1．0h,即可得到较高产量的原生质体,对该生质体进行了再生实验,其再生率约为23．8％。     

链格孢菌原生质体的制备与限制性内切酶介导整合(REMI)转化的致病性诱变

以链格孢菌Alternariaalternata菌株NEW为供试菌株,研究了菌龄、酶系统、酶解时间、酶解温度及稳渗剂对链格孢菌原生质体制备的影响。结果表明,制备链格孢菌原生质体比较适宜的条件为PD液体培养基培养20h,以0.7mol/LNaCl为稳渗剂、1%LysingEnzyme、1%Drislase和1%Snailase3种酶溶液混合使用,30℃酶解3h。对原生质体进行了限制性内切酶介导整合(REMI)转化,筛选到了链格孢菌弱致病突变株NEW001,为致病相关基因的标记和克隆打下了基础。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.