麦冬的配糖体成分

从川麦冬（Ｏｐｈｉｏｐｏｇｏｎ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ）根部乙醇提取物中分离得到四个已知化合物,经波谱分析确定其结构分别为：龙脑７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙（１）,龙脑７－Ｏ－〔β－Ｄ－呋喃芹糖（１→６）〕－β－Ｄ吡喃葡萄糖甙（２）,４－烯丙基－１,２－苯本酚１－Ｏ－〔α－Ｌ－吡喃鼠李糖（１→６）〕－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙（３）,５－烯－１β,３β,１６β,２２Ｓ－胆甾四醇１－Ｏ－α－Ｌ－吡喃鼠李糖１６     

南蛇藤种油中的倍半萜成分

从南蛇藤种油中分离了六个β－二氢沉香呋喃倍半萜,通^1HNMR,^13和单晶X－线射线衍射鉴定,它们的结构是：1α,6β－二乙酰氧基－9β－苯甲酰氧基－β－二氢沉香呋喃（1）,1α,6β－二乙酰氧基－9β－肉桂酰基－β－二氢沉香呋喃（2）,1α－乙酰氧基－6β,9β－二苯甲酰氧基－β－二氢沉香呋喃（3）,1α,2α－二乙酰氧基－9β－肉桂酰氧基－β－二氢沉和时呋喃（4）,1α－羟基－2α－乙酰氧基－9β－肉桂酰氧基－β－二氢沉香呋喃（5）和1α－乙酰氧基－2α羟基－9β－肉桂酰氧基－β－二氢沉香呋喃（6）。化合物2,5和6是首次从南蛇藤中分离得到。     

D—葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的研究

用高灵敏度的荧光法研究了１３种糖类化合物对α或β－Ｄ－葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用,实验结果表明：５－氨基－５－脱氧－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖－１－磺酸铵盐（１）、５－氨基－５－脱氧－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖－１－磺酸（２）、５－氨基－５－脱氧－Ｄ－葡萄糖－１－亚硫酸加成物（３）等三种氮杂糖对α或β－Ｄ－葡萄糖苷酸均呈现竞争性抑制作用,化合物（１）的Ｋ＝３７２μｍｏｌ／Ｌ;Ｋｉ＾β＝６．３８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ,化合物（２）的Ｋｉ＾     

滇黄芩中五个新的黄酮类配糖体

从滇黄芩（Ｓｃｕｔｅｌｌａｒｉａ ａｍｏｅｎａ）根中分离到５个新的黄酮类配糖体。命名为滇黄芩甙甲－戊（ａｍｏｅｎｉｎｓＡ－Ｅ）。经光谱分析,化学结构分别证明为：２’,４’,６’－三羟基二氢查耳酮４’－「Ｏ－β－Ｄ－半乳吡喃糖基（１→２）」－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙,５,７,２’－三羟基－６－甲氧基二氢黄酮７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖醛酸甙,（顺式）－５,７,２’－三羟基二氢黄酮醇３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄     

何首乌中新的二苯乙烯甙

用反相层析法从何首乌（Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.)根茎的水提物只发得2个新的二苯乙烯甙（1,2）及9个已知化合物：没食子酸（3）,2,6－二羟基－苯甲酸（4）,吲哚－3－（L－）α氨基－α－羟基－丙酸）甲酯（5）1,2－二羟基丙烷－1－（4－羟基－苯基）（6）,大黄素（7）,大黄素－8－β－D－葡萄糖甙（8）,（＋）－lyoniresinol-3α－O－β－D－葡萄糖甙（9）,2,3,4、,5－四羟基反式二苯乙烯－2－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖甙（10）和2,3,4',5－四羟基反式二苯乙烯－2,3,－二－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖甙（11）。亲化合物结构通过理化性质与波谱分析特别是2D NMR得以确定。化合物2表现出很强的DNA裂解活性,化合物1,2与10具有很强的抗脂质过氧化活性。     

婆婆针的化学成分

婆婆针（ＢｉｄｅｎｓｂｉｐｉｎｎａｔａＬｉｎｎ）是具有清热解毒功能的民间药用植物,从婆婆针的地上部分分离鉴定了３个苯丙素甙类化合物,４－Ｏ－（６″－Ｏ－对香豆酰基－β－吡喃葡萄糖）－对－香豆酸（１）,４－Ｏ－（２″－Ｏ－乙酰基－６″－Ｏ－对－香豆酰基－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖）－对－香豆酸（２）及４－Ｏ－（２″,４″－Ｏ－二乙酰基－６″－Ｏ－对－香豆酰基－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖）－对－香豆酸（３）,其中（３     

栓皮栎虫瘿的酚性成分及其生物活性

从栓皮栎（Quercus variabilisBl.）虫瘿中分离了２对平衡互变异构体和４个单体化合物,通过光谱数据和化学方法鉴定：Ｇ－１为１－Ｏ（３′－没食子酰基）没食子酰基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖和１－Ｏ－（４′－没食子酰基）没食子酰基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖的平衡互变异构体,Ｇ－２为３－Ｏ－没食子酰基－没食子酸和４－Ｏ－没食子酰基－－没食子酸的平衡互变异构体,-3O一１,６－二－Ｏ没食子酰基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖,Ｇ－４为１,２,３,６－四－Ｏ－没食子酰基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖,Ｇ－５为１－Ｏ－没食子酰基－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖,Ｇ－６为没食子酸甲酯。对Ｇ－１、Ｇ－３和Ｇ－４进行初步的抗肿瘤、抗脂质过氧化和抗血小板聚集活性实验。     

广东冬青中的三萜及三萜皂甙成分

从广东冬青（Ｉｌｅｘ ｋｗａｎｇｔｕｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ）的叶中分离得到四个三萜皂甙和三个三萜成分,通过光谱解析及化学方法,三个三萜成分分别鉴定为齐墩果酸（１）、熊果酸（２）和常春藤皂甙元（３）;四个三萜皂甙成分分别鉴定为齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖基－（１→３）－α－Ｌ－吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（４）、齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖基－（１→２）－α－Ｌ－吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（５）、齐墩果酸３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－     

月腺大戟根中乙酰基间苯三酚衍生物

从月腺大戟（Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata)根中分离出一种新的二苯甲烷化合物－双去甲基伪绵马素－AA和2,4－二羟基－6－甲氧基－3－甲基苯乙酮,并用光谱和化学方法确定前者的结构为3,3－二乙酰基－4,4－二甲氧基－2。25,6－四羟基二苯甲烷     

石香薷中化学成分的研究

从石香薷（Ｍｏｓｌａ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｍａｘｉｍ ．）中分离到１０ 个化合物,经光谱分析、化学方法及与已知化合物对照,分别鉴定为：６－甲基三十三烷（１）、β－谷甾醇（２）、熊果酸（３）、５－羟基－６,７－二甲氧基黄酮（４）、５－羟基－６－甲基－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖（３→１）－β－Ｄ－吡喃木糖双氢黄酮甙（５）、５,７－二羟基－４－甲氧基黄酮（６）、洋芹素（７）、山奈素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（８）、桑色素－７－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（９）、鼠李柠檬素－３－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－芹糖（１→５）芹糖－４－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖甙（１０）。其中,化合物５和１０ 为新化合物     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.