共查询到10条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
Qian W Sass O Meng J Li M Frauen M Jung C 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(1):27-34
Chinese semi-winter rapeseed is genetically diverse from Canadian and European spring rapeseed. This study was conducted to
evaluate the potential of semi-winter rapeseed for spring rapeseed hybrid breeding, to assess the genetic effects involved,
and to estimate the correlation of parental genetic distance (GD) with hybrid performance, heterosis, general combining ability
(GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) in crosses between spring and semi-winter rapeseed lines. Four spring male sterile
lines from Germany and Canada as testers were crossed with 13 Chinese semi-winter rapeseed lines to develop 52 hybrids, which
were evaluated together with their parents and commercial hybrids for seed yield and oil content in three sets of field trials
with 8 environments in Canada and Europe. The Chinese parental lines were not adapted to local environmental conditions as
demonstrated by poor seed yields per se. However, the hybrids between the Chinese parents and the adapted spring rapeseed
lines exhibited high heterosis for seed yield. The average mid-parent heterosis was 15% and ca. 50% of the hybrids were superior
to the respective hybrid control across three sets of field trials. Additive gene effects mainly contributed to hybrid performance
since the mean squares of GCA were higher as compared to SCA. The correlation between parental GD and hybrid performance and
heterosis was found to be low whereas the correlation between GCA(f + m) and hybrid performance was high and significant in each set of field trials, with an average of r = 0.87 for seed yield and r = 0.89 for oil content, indicating that hybrid performance can be predicted by GCA(f + m). These results demonstrate that Chinese semi-winter rapeseed germplasm has a great potential to increase seed yield in spring
rapeseed hybrid breeding programs in Canada and Europe. 相似文献
2.
Sarita K. Pandey Tapash Dasgupta Abhishek Rathore Anilkumar Vemula 《Biochemical genetics》2018,56(3):188-209
The genetic distance analysis for selection of suitable parents has been established and effectively used in many crops; however, there is dearth of conclusive report of relationship of genetic distance analysis with heterosis in sesame. In the present study, an attempt was made to estimate the associations of genetic distances using SSR (GDSSR), seed-storage protein profiling (GDSDS) and agro-morphological traits (GDMOR) with hybrid performance. Seven parents were selected from 60 exotic and Indian genotypes based on genetic distance from clustering pattern based on SSR, seed-storage protein, morphological traits and per se performance. For combining ability analysis, 7 parents and 21 crosses generated from 7 × 7 half diallel evaluated at two environments in a replicated field trial during pre-kharif season of 2013. Compared with the average parents yield (12.57 g plant?1), eight hybrids had a significant (P < 0.01) yield advantage across environments, with averages of 26.94 and 29.99% for better-parent heterosis (BPH) and mid-parent heterosis (MPH), respectively, across environments. Highly significant positive correlation was observed between specific combining ability (SCA) and per se performance (0.97), while positive non-significant correlation of BPH with GDSSR (0.048), and non-significant negative correlations with GDMOR (? 0.01) and GDSDS (? 0.256) were observed. The linear regressions of SCA on MPH, BPH and per se performance of F1s were significant with R2 value of 0.88, 0.84 and 0.95 respectively. The present findings revealed a weak association of GDSSR with F1’s performance; however, SCA has appeared as an important factor in the determination of heterosis and per se performance of the hybrids. The present findings also indicated that parental divergence in the intermediate group would likely produce high heterotic crosses in sesame. 相似文献
3.
Yu CY Hu SW Zhao HX Guo AG Sun GL 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,110(3):511-518
Genetic distances (GDs) based on morphological characters, isozymes and storage proteins, and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD) were used to predict the performance and heterosis of crosses in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Six male-sterile lines carrying the widely used Shaan2A cytoplasm were crossed with five restorer lines to produce 30 F1 hybrids. These 30 hybrids and their parents were evaluated for seven agronomically important traits and their mid-parent heterosis (MPH) at Yangling, Shaanxi province in Northwest China for 2 years. Genetic similarity among the parents based on 34 isozyme and seven protein markers was higher than that based on 136 RAPDs and/or 48 morphological markers. No significant correlation was detected among these three sets of data. Associations between the different estimates of GDs and F1 performance for some agronomic traits were significant, but not for seed yield. In order to enhance the predicting efficiency, we selected 114 significant markers and 43 favoring markers following statistical comparison of the mean values of the yield components between the heterozygous group (where the marker is present only in one parent of each hybrid) and the homozygous group (where the marker is either present or absent in both parents of each hybrid) of the 30 hybrids. Parental GD based on total polymorphic markers (GDtotal, indicating general heterozygosity), significant markers (GDsign, indicating specific heterozygosity) and favoring markers (GDfavor, indicating favoring-marker heterozygosity) were calculated. The correlation between GDfavor or GDsign and hybrid performance was higher than the correlation between GDtotal and hybrid performance. GDsign and GDfavor significantly correlated with plant height, seeds per silique and seed yield, but not with the MPH of the other six agronomic traits with the exception of plant height. The information obtained in this study on the genetic diversity of the parental lines does not appear to be reliable for predicting F1 yield and heterosis. 相似文献
4.
Relationship between seed yield heterosis and molecular marker heterozygosity in soybean 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
F. J. Cerna S. R. Cianzio A. Rafalski S. Tingey D. Dyer 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(3):460-467
In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] heterosis has been reported for seed yield. Molecular markers may be useful to select diverse parents for the
expression of heterosis and yield improvement. The objective of this study was to determine if molecular markers could be
used to predict yield heterosis in soybean. From each Maturity Group (MG) II and III, 21 genotypes were selected on the basis
of high yield (HY), different geographic origin (GO), and isozyme loci (ISO) and for diversity in restriction fragment length
polymorphisms (RFLP), and crosses were made within MGs and selection criteria groups to obtain 6 F1 hybrids per group. The 21 parents and the 24 F1 hybrids of each MG were evaluated for yield in replicated tests at two locations in 2 years, and midparent heterosis (MPH)
and high-parent heterosis (HPH) estimates were calculated. On the basis of hybrid performance during the first year, 12 parents
(3 per selection criteria group) were chosen in each MG to conduct a second RFLP analysis using 129 probes. Genetic distances
(GDM) for pairs of the 12 genotypes were calculated with this RFLP information and correlated with MPH and HPH estimates. Significant
MPH averages for seed yield were observed in the combined analysis of variance in each of the four selection criteria groups
of MG II, and in the HY, ISO, and GO of MG III. Significant HPH averages were observed only in the ISO and GO groups of MG
II. The greatest frequency of F1 hybrids with significant MPH was observed in the ISO and GO groups of both MGs. For HPH, the greatest frequency was observed
in the ISO group of both MGs. In both MGs, the ISO group had the largest absolute MPH value; the RFLP group had generally
the smallest. The observations indicated that the expression of heterosis in seed yield might be associated with diversity
in the isozyme loci present in the parents. For the genotypes included in the second RFLP analysis, correlations of GDMs with MPH and HPH values on an entry-mean basis were low and not significant, indicating that heterosis in yield may not
be associated with genetic diversity at the molecular level as determined by RFLPs. The results suggest that in soybean, parent
selection on the basis of RFLPs and isozyme loci to exploit heterosis in seed yield may not be feasible. There was no association
between genetic distance estimated by the RFLP analysis and seed yield heterosis, and in spite of the observed relationship
between isozyme loci and heterosis for yield, the practicality of using the isozyme markers to select parents may be limited
because of the reduced number of assayable isozyme loci in soybean.
Received: 8 March 1996 / Accepted: 21 February 1997 相似文献
5.
Liangming Chen Zhigang Zhao Xi Liu Linglong Liu Ling Jiang Shijia Liu Wenwei Zhang Yihua Wang Yuqiang Liu Jianmin Wan 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2011,27(2):247-258
The incomplete fertility of japonica × indica rice hybrids has inhibited breeders’ access to the substantial heterotic potential of these hybrids. As hybrid sterility
is caused by an allelic interaction at a small number of loci, it is possible to overcome it by simple introgression at the
major sterility loci. Here we report the use of marker-assisted backcrossing to transfer into the elite japonica cv. Zhendao88 a photoperiod-sensitive male sterility gene from cv. Lunhui422S (indica) and the yellow leaf gene from line Yellow249 (indica). The microsatellite markers RM276, RM455, RM141 and RM185 were used to tag the fertility genes S5, S8, S7 and S9, respectively. Line 509S is a true-breeding photoperiod-sensitive male sterile plant, which morphologically closely resembles
the japonica type. Genotypic analysis showed that the genome of line 509S comprises about 92% japonica DNA. Nevertheless, hybrids between line 509S and japonica varieties suffer from a level of hybrid sterility, although the line is highly cross-compatible with indica types, with the resulting hybrids expressing a significant degree of heterosis. Together, these results suggest that segment
substitution on fertility loci based on known information and marker-assisted selection are an effective approach for utilizing
the heterosis of rice inter-subspecies. 相似文献
6.
Sang-Ho Chu Wenzhu Jiang Joohyun Lee Joong Hyoun Chin Hee-Jong Koh 《Genes & genomics.》2012,34(4):367-377
Two sets of rice materials, 166 RILs derived from a cross between Milyang 23 (Korean indica-type rice) and Tong 88-7 (japonica Rice), and BC1F1 hybrids derived from crosses between the RILs and the female parent, Milyang 23, were produced to identify QTLs for heterosis of yield and yield-related traits. The QTLs were detected from three different phenotype data sets including the RILs, BC1F1 hybrids, and mid-parental heterosis data set acquired from the definition of mid-parental heterosis. A total of 57 QTLs were identified for nine traits. Of eight QTLs detected for yield heterosis, five overlapped with other heterosis QTLs for yield-related traits such as spikelet number per panicle, days to heading, and spikelet fertility. Four QTLs for yield heterosis, gy1.1, py6, gy10, and py11, were newly identified in this study. We identified a total of 17 EpQTLs for yield heterosis that explain 21.4 ?? 59.0 % of total phenotypic variation, indicating that epistatic interactions may play an important role in heterosis. 相似文献
7.
Hong Li Shuqin Jiang Chen Li Lei Liu Zechuan Lin Hang He Xing‐Wang Deng Ziding Zhang Xiangfeng Wang 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2020,102(1):116-128
Heterosis is the phenomenon in which hybrid progeny exhibits superior traits in comparison with those of their parents. Genomic variations between the two parental genomes may generate epistasis interactions, which is one of the genetic hypotheses explaining heterosis. We postulate that protein?protein interactions specific to F1 hybrids (F1‐specific PPIs) may occur when two parental genomes combine, as the proteome of each parent may supply novel interacting partners. To test our assumption, an inter‐subspecies hybrid interactome was simulated by in silico PPI prediction between rice japonica (cultivar Nipponbare) and indica (cultivar 9311). Four‐thousand, six‐hundred and twelve F1‐specific PPIs accounting for 20.5% of total PPIs in the hybrid interactome were found. Genes participating in F1‐specific PPIs tend to encode metabolic enzymes and are generally localized in genomic regions harboring metabolic gene clusters. To test the genetic effect of F1‐specific PPIs in heterosis, genomic selection analysis was performed for trait prediction with additive, dominant and epistatic effects separately considered in the model. We found that the removal of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with F1‐specific PPIs reduced prediction accuracy when epistatic effects were considered in the model, but no significant changes were observed when additive or dominant effects were considered. In summary, genomic divergence widely dispersed between japonica and indica rice may generate F1‐specific PPIs, part of which may accumulatively contribute to heterosis according to our computational analysis. These candidate F1‐specific PPIs, especially for those involved in metabolic biosynthesis pathways, are worthy of experimental validation when large‐scale protein interactome datasets are generated in hybrid rice in the future. 相似文献
8.
Molecular divergence and hybrid performance in rice 总被引:42,自引:0,他引:42
Qifa Zhang Y. J. Gao M. A. Saghai Maroof S. H. Yang J. X. Li 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》1995,1(2):133-142
This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between genetic distance of the parents based on molecular markers and F1 performance in a set of diallel crosses involving eight commonly used parental lines in hybrid rice production. The F1s and their parents were measured for five traits including heading date, plant height, straw weight, grain yield and biomass. The parental lines were assayed for DNA polymorphisms using two classes of markers: 140 probes for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and 12 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), resulting in a total of 105 polymorphic markers well spaced along the 12 rice chromosomes. SSRs detected more polymorphism than RFLPs among the eight lines. A cluster analysis based on marker genotypes separated these eight lines into three groups which agree essentially with the available pedigree information. Correlations were mostly low between general heterozygosity based on all the markers and F1 performance and heterosis. In contrast, very high correlations were detected between midparent heterosis and specific heterozygosity based on the markers that detected significant effects for all the five traits; these correlations may have practical utility in predicting heterosis. The analyses also suggest the existence of two likely heterotic groups in the rice germplasm represented by these eight lines. 相似文献
9.
Genetic distance and heterosis in Indian mustard: developmental isozymes as indicators of genetic relationships 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. S. Sekhon V. P. Gupta 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(6-7):1148-1152
The use of isozymes as indicators of genetic diversity and as markers for the selection of agronomic traits has been proposed in different crop species. The present investigation was conducted to study the use of isozyme-derived genetic distance between parents in predicting the F1 heterosis in Indian mustard. In addition, the interaction of isozyme-based diversity with quantitative trait and pedigree-based diversity measures, and its role in predicting hybrid heterosis has also been examined. Sixteen Indian mustard lines and their 48 crosses (12 × 4, line x tester crossing) were evaluated over two environments for isozyme and quantitative morphological characters. The results from this study suggest that the heterotic response to isozymic changes is more responsive in crosses derived from morphologically and pedigree-wise related parents in comparison to crosses derived from unrelated parents. It was possible to improve heterosis predictions by partitioning the isozyme-based genetic distance into general genetic distance and specific genetic distance and correlating the latter with the specific combining ability of morphological traits. The possible reasons for these observations are discussed. 相似文献
10.
Fangming Xie Zhizhou He Manuel Q. Esguerra Fulin Qiu Vairamani Ramanathan 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(2):407-417