基于蛋白质结构预测的胰岛素样生长因子-1的制备及活性分析北大核心CSCD

为了更经济高效地制备胰岛素样生长因子-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1),本研究采用计算机模拟技术对3种IGF-1融合蛋白进行蛋白质结构预测与分子对接,筛选出酶切最适配的IGF-1融合蛋白表达形式。利用基因工程技术构建并鉴定了IGF-1融合蛋白原核表达载体,并转化大肠杆菌Origami B(DE3)菌株,获得重组子;经异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, IPTG)诱导表达后,对菌体的破菌上清进行亲和层析、脱盐、凝血酶酶切及酶切产物亲和层析纯化得到目的蛋白;通过3T3细胞增殖法建立活性评价体系并对获得的IGF-1进行活性测定。结果显示,构建的IGF-1融合蛋白原核表达载体序列正确,获得的重组子在25℃、0.05 mmol/L IPTG诱导16 h时融合蛋白为可溶性表达,经初步纯化、凝血酶酶切、再次纯化后可获得纯度大于90%的IGF-1目的蛋白,在建立的活性评价体系下测得制备的IGF-1比活为2.47×10^(5)U/mg,与市售标准品接近。本研究建立了一条用于制备IGF-1的完整工艺路线,为IGF-1药物的研制及工业化生产奠定基础。     

一种从大肠杆菌包涵体中分离纯化GST-TRAF6融合蛋白的方法

利用8 mol/L尿素溶液对表达在大肠杆菌包涵体中的GST-TRAF6融合蛋白进行变性,通过逐级稀释复性的方法对尿素溶解后的GST-TRAF6融合蛋白进行复性,将复性后的GST-TRAF6融合蛋白进一步利用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖树脂亲和层析的方法进行分离纯化,将分离纯化后的蛋白通过Western blot方法进行验证,最后利用体外泛素化反应检测经包涵体变性、复性和纯化后的GST-TRAF6融合蛋白的生物学活性。经过包涵体变性、梯度稀释复性和谷胱甘肽琼脂糖树脂亲和层析3个步骤后纯化得到纯度达90%以上、浓度为396 ng/μL的蛋白质溶液。利用GST蛋白作为对照,经Western blot验证表明,纯化得到的蛋白确为GSTTRAF6融合蛋白。进一步利用体外泛素化反应分析其泛素连接酶活性发现,17 ng/μL浓度的GST-TRAF6融合蛋白能够以泛素分子作为底物在5 min内快速催化自由泛素链的生成。结果表明,表达在大肠杆菌包涵体中的GST-TRAF6融合蛋白经尿素变性溶解后能够成功复性并分离纯化,在溶解性改变的同时恢复了其泛素连接酶活性。为从大肠杆菌包涵体中大规模分离纯化蛋白质提供了一种新的复性方法。     

人呼吸道合胞病毒截短F1重组蛋白包涵体的制备、纯化和复性

目的将前期在大肠埃希杆菌中获得表达的A型人呼吸道合胞病毒兰州分离株截短的F1重组蛋白进行纯化和复性,为后期动物免疫制备抗原。方法 37℃诱导重组菌体p ET-42b-F1J/Rossata,诱导完毕后离心收集菌体,高压破碎菌体并收集包涵体后用不同浓度的Triton X-100(细胞裂解液)洗涤包涵体3次。洗涤的包涵体用8 mol/L尿素进行溶解并用镍离子亲和层析方法进行初步纯化,用阳离子交换层析方法对初步纯化蛋白进行最终的纯化。亲和层析纯化蛋白用3种不同的复性液进行了稀释复性。结果 37℃诱导5 000 m L重组菌p ET-42b-F1J/Rossata共收获37 g湿菌体,经过不同浓度Triton X-100洗涤包涵体后纯度可达75%。包涵体用8 mol/L尿素溶解后经镍离子亲和层析纯化纯度约为40%,再用阳离子交换层析介质SP HP进一步纯化样品后纯度可达90%。纯化蛋白以3种不同的复性液都能得到复性,其中复性液3的复性效果相对较好。结论实验中探索了人呼吸道合胞病毒截短F1重组蛋白包涵体的纯化方法及步骤,为后期的蛋白制备及动物免疫奠定了基础。     

病原诱导的小麦ERF转录因子TaERF1b的原核表达及纯化

为了得到纯化的TaERFlb活性蛋白,将TaERFlb基因含有AP2／ERF结构域的片段插入原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1的多克隆位点中,构建GST-TaERFlb融合蛋白表达载体,并转化到犬肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中。0．1mmol／L1PTG即能诱导融合蛋白表达,37℃诱导4h或30℃诱导8h,融合蛋白均以包涵体的形式表达,16℃诱导12h,融合蛋白不表达。包涵体经溶解及稀释复性后,过GST亲和层析柱,获得纯化的融合蛋白,考马斯亮蓝法测得纯化蛋白的浓度约为0．5ug／ul,凝胶阻滞实验表明包涵体复性成功．所得蛋白具有生物活性：     

重组Hepcidin融合蛋白的氧化复性及活性鉴定

将诱导表达的His-hepcidin融合蛋白包涵体通过固定化金属离子配体亲和层析(IMAC)柱分离纯化后,在cys-teine/cystine氧化还原体系中氧化形成二硫键,稀释复性后用肠激酶将融合蛋白的his-tag切除。酶切后所得的Hepcidin经抑菌圈试验检验,对枯草芽孢杆菌等革兰氏阳性菌和部分革兰氏阴性菌具有抗菌活性。     

花生AhAO1蛋白的原核表达、纯化及抗体制备

采用RT-PCR方法,以花生叶片RNA逆转录得到的cDNA为模板,扩增出AhAO1基因片段,将其插入原核表达载体pPROEXHTa中,构建AhAO1基因片段原核表达载体HTaAhAO1,经PCR和测序确证后,以IPTG诱导其在E.coli BL21中高表达His-AhAO1融合蛋白,采用亲和层析柱与电泳纯化融合蛋白。用纯化的His-AhAO1融合蛋白制备抗体,为分析AhAO1的功能奠定基础。     

人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶在大肠杆菌中的融合表达与纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(HuSOD1)。方法:合成HuSOD1编码基因,PCR扩增后连入pMAL-p5x质粒构建融合表达载体,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态,IPTG诱导表达,NBT法测定HuSOD1酶活,利用麦芽糖结合蛋白亲和层析柱纯化MBP-HuSOD1融合蛋白,经因子Ⅹa酶切及分子筛柱层析纯化HuSOD1蛋白。结果:构建了pMAL-p5x-HuSOD1表达载体,在大肠杆菌中实现了高表达,目的蛋白占全菌蛋白的30%,其中可溶性表达占63%,具有超氧化物歧化酶活性;通过亲和层析纯化得到纯度大于95%的融合蛋白MBP-HuSOD1,经因子Ⅹa酶切后纯化得到纯度约90%的HuSOD1蛋白。结论:在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化获得有活性的MBP-HuSOD1,经进一步酶切、纯化后得到HuSOD1。     

EC-SOD包涵体的柱上复性、纯化及稳定性研究

利用H is-tag与金属离子的特异结合作用,通过金属(N i)亲和层析对EC-SOD包涵体进行柱上复性。考察蛋白上样量、尿素脱除速率和复性温度对复性效率的影响。利用N i-sepharose和Heparin-sepharose亲和柱对重折叠后的蛋白进行纯化,并研究复性蛋白的稳定性。结果表明,利用N i-sepharose亲和柱可以对EC-SOD进行复性,上样量越大,尿素脱除速率越快,复性效率越低;温度升高,复性效率增加。N i-sepharose对复性后蛋白具有纯化作用,经Heparin-sepharose亲和柱纯化后蛋白比活明显提高。复性蛋白在10℃~50℃温度范围内活性稳定,pH低于5大于10时,其稳定性显著降低,在尿素和盐酸胍溶液中复性蛋白的稳定性较弱。     

金属螯合亲和层析纯化和复性重组人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶

将重组人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（rhCu,ZnSOD）包含体（经纯化后纯度达80％以上）以稀释法或透析法初步复性后,分别再经金属螯合亲和层析（MCAC）纯化。结果透析复性样品和稀释复性样品经MCAC纯化后的rhSOD比活是各自上柱前样品比活的2.2倍和5.3倍,蛋白回收率分别为64％和25％,同时两者活性回收率皆大于130％。表明目标蛋白rhSOD在经过MCAC纯化的同时又获得进一步复性。SDS-PAGE显示rhSOD为19kD的单一条带,纯度大于95％,比活达到5000 u/mg左右,同时NBT生物活性染色鉴定显示出很强的超氧化物歧化酶活性。表明MCAC对于复性不完全的rhCu,ZnSOD而言是一种纯化和使其进一步复性的简便省时且有效的方法。该方法为以包含体形式表达的基因重组蛋白的纯化和复性提供了新思路。     

金属螫合亲和层析纯化和复性重组人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶

将重组人铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（rhCu,Zn-SOD）包含体（经纯化后纯度达80％以上）以稀释法或透析法初步复性后,分别再经金属螯合亲和层析（MCAC）纯化。结果透析复性样品和稀释复性样品经MCAC纯化后的rhSOD比活是各自上柱前样品比活的2．2倍和5．3倍,蛋白回收率分别为64％和25％,同时两者活性回收率皆大于130％。表明目标蛋白rhSOD在经过MCAC纯化的同时又获得进一步复性。SDS-PAGE显示rhSOD为19kD的单一条带,纯度大于95％,比活达到5000u／mg左右,同时NBT生物活性染色鉴定显示出很强的超氧化物歧化酶活性。表明MCAC对于复性不完全的rhCu,Zn-SOD而言是一种纯化和使其进一步复性的简便省时且有效的方法。该方法为以包含体形式表达的基因重组蛋白的纯化和复性提供了新思路。     

融合牛肠激酶轻链EKL包涵体蛋白的复性纯化

大肠杆菌高密度发酵表达肠激酶轻链融合蛋白DsbA-rEKL,主要以包涵体形式存在。包涵体经4mol/L尿素和0.5%TritonX-100洗涤,以6mol/L盐酸胍、100mmol/LDTT溶解,在胱氨酸存在下,以脉冲加样方式复性。融合蛋白复性在6mmol/L胱氨酸存在下、脉冲加量0.03mg/mL和复性终蛋白浓度0.3mg/mL为最佳复性方案。复性的融合蛋白加2mmol/LCaCL2后快速自切。经IDA-Sepharose及Q-Sepharose纯化,rEKL纯度可达95%以上,可高效酶切重组瑞特普酶融合蛋白Trx-rPA。实现了大规模生产rEKL,每升发酵液经复性及纯化后,可得rEKL60mg/L以上,使以融合蛋白表达rPA等药用蛋白成为现实。     

Refolding and purification of yeast carboxypeptidase Y expressed as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli

The genes encoding carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) and CPY propeptide (CPYPR) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Six consecutive histidine residues were fused to the C-terminus of the CPYPR for facilitated purification. High-level expression of CPY and CPYPR-His(6) was achieved but most of the expressed proteins were present in the form of inclusion bodies in the bacterial cytoplasm. The CPY and CPYPR-His(6) produced as inclusion bodies were separated from the cells and solubilized in 6 and 3 M guanidinium chloride, respectively. The denatured CPYPR-His(6) was refolded by dilution 1:30 into the renaturation buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl containing 0.5 M NaCl and 3 mM EDTA, pH 8.0), and the refolded CPYPR-His(6) was further purified to 90% purity by single-step immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography. The denatured CPY was refolded by dilution 1:60 into the renaturation buffer containing CPYPR-His(6) at various concentrations. Increasing the molar ratio of CPYPR-His(6) to CPY resulted in an increase in the CPY refolding yield, indicating that the CPYPR-His(6) plays a chaperone-like role in in vitro folding of CPY. The refolded CPY was purified to 92% purity by single-step p-aminobenzylsuccinic acid affinity chromatography. When refolding was carried out in the presence of 10 molar eq CPYPR-His(6), the specific activity, N-(2-furanacryloyl)-l-phenylalanyl-l-phenylalanine hydrolysis activity per milligram of protein, of purified recombinant CPY was found to be about 63% of that of native S. cerevisiae CPY.     

人EGF受体L2结构域在大肠杆菌中表达、包涵体柱上复性及纯化

以PCR方法从克隆的EGFR胞外区cDNA中扩增编码EGFR-L2结构域的DNA片段,在其3′端加入编码His6标签的序列,与pET-3c连接构建EGFR-L2原核表达载体。该蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中获得高效表达,免疫印迹分析表明表达产物全部以包涵体形式存在,分步透析法和稀释法都不能获得可溶性复性产物,而Ni²⁺-NTA柱上复性法不仅能够获得可溶性的EGFR-L2蛋白,而且产物同时得到高度纯化,纯度>95％,复性的EGFR-L2与其配基EGF具有特异性的结合活性,但亲和力较低。这表明His6标签不但便于纯化目标蛋白,而且可利用Ni²⁺-NTA柱进行柱上复性,适用于不易通过常规方法复性的重组蛋白的制备。     

Expression, purification, and refolding of a novel immunotoxin containing humanized single-chain fragment variable antibody against CTLA4 and the N-terminal fragment of human perforin

Immunotoxins might be potential in treatment of cancer for their ability to kill selected cell populations. We constructed a novel immunotoxin hS83P34 by fusing N-terminal 34 amino acid fragment of human perforin to the C-terminus of humanized single-chain fragment variable antibody against CTLA4. The fusion protein was inductively expressed as inclusion bodies at a high level about 30% of total bacterial proteins. After washing with buffer containing 2 M urea, the purity of inclusion body was about 71%. The washed inclusion bodies were solubilized in 8 M urea and further purified to homogeneity (approximately 92% purity) by cation-exchange chromatography and Ni-agarose affinity chromatography under denaturing condition. The inclusion body refolding conditions were optimized following Pro-Matrix Protein Refolding Guide. After refolded in Tris buffer (pH 8.0) containing 1M urea, 0.8 M l-arginine, and 2 mM GSH:0.2 mM GSSG or 2 mM GSH:0.4 mM GSSG for 18h at 4 degrees C, over 90% proteins were recovered from inclusion bodies. In vitro dose-dependent cytotoxicity assay demonstrates that hS83P34 is only toxic to CTLA4-positive cells. IC(50) of hS83P34 for leukemic cells Raji and 6T-CEM are about 0.85 and 1.3 microM individually. Whereas, CTLA4-negative endothelial cell ECV-304 is resistant to hS83P34.     

融合干扰素-BLA（IFN-BLA）的构建、表达、纯化及抗病毒活性测定

干扰素-BLA(IFN-BLA)由干扰素-beta-1b(IFN-beta-1b)和干扰素-alpha-2b（IFN-alpha-2b）通过连接肽-GGGS-融合而成。优化了其在大肠感菌BL21 CodonPlus (DE3)-RIL中的实验室表达条件,表达的目的蛋白占菌体总蛋白的35％以上并且主要以包涵体的形式存在。对包涵体的复性条件进行了摸索,建立了IFN-BLA的复性及纯化方法,纯化后的蛋白产量约为45 mg/L, 纯度在90％以上。抗病毒活性分析表明这一新的融合蛋白可能具有协同或加成活性。     

Refolding of the Fusion Protein of Recombinant Enterokinase Light Chain rEKL

The fusion protein of enterokinase light chain, DsbA-rEK_L, was expressed mainly in the inclusion body in E. coli. The recombinant bacteria were fermented to high density, with high expression of the fusion protein. After being washed with 0.5 % Triton X-100 and 4 mol/L urea, the inclusion body was dissolved in 6 mol/L guanidine and 100 mmol/L DTT, derivatized by cystine and refolded by pulse refolding. The strategy of pulse refolding involved the addition of 0.03 mg/mL of fusion protein until its final concentration reached 0.3 mg/mL. The refolded protein was autocleaved, and the active EK_L molecule was released after the addition of 2 mmol/L of CaCl₂. Using the two-step purification processes of IDA-Sepharose chromatography and Q-Sepharose chromatography, the purity of rEK_L was found to be above 95 %, with a high activity to cleave the recombinant reteplase fusion protein, Trx-rPA. The yield of purified rEK_L was more than 60 mg/L of cultures. As a result, the therapeutic proteins like rPA could be produced on a large scale in a way such as expressed in the form of fusion proteins.     

Expression, purification, and immunological characterization of Cr PI

An efficient preparation of Periplaneta americana nymphae allergen, Cr PI (54 kDa) is described. It was expressed as a GST-tag fusion protein in Escherichia coli, strain BL21 (DE3). Expression of recombinant Cr PI (rCr PI), denaturation/renaturation of the inclusion bodies and the effects of protein and L-arginine concentration on inclusion body aggregation were optimized. The fusion protein was purified by affinity chromatography and size exclusion chromatography, and Cr PI fusion protein was purified to >95%. rCr PI bound strongly to IgE in the sera of individuals with cockroach allergies as shown by western blot and ELISA. Highly refolded and purified recombinant protein was obtained, providing a basis for the large-scale preparation of Cr PI allergen.     

Simultaneous refolding and purification of a recombinant lipase with an intein tag by affinity precipitation with chitosan

A strategy for simultaneous purification and refolding of proteins overexpressed with an intein tag is described. A recombinant lipase overexpressed in Escherichia coli ER2566 with the intein tag and obtained as inclusion bodies was solubilized in buffer containing 8 M urea or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. The solubilized lipase was precipitated with chitosan and the affinity complex of the polymer with the fusion protein was obtained. The intein tag was cleaved with dithiothreitol and the refolded lipase was obtained in active form. Activity recovery of 80% was observed and the enzyme had a specific activity of 2965 units/mg. The purified lipase showed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purity and activity recovery were comparable with that of the preparation obtained by using the commercial kit which utilizes chromatography on chitin beads. The purified and refolded lipase was characterized by fluorescence and CD spectroscopy.     

sFGFR1Ⅲc的原核表达及其抑制NIH3T3增殖的作用

目的:克隆sFGFR1Ⅲc胞外段进行原核表达和纯化。方法:将sFGFR1Ⅲc胞外段基因转入pET3c载体后转化BL21工程菌,以包涵体形式表达胞外段。经凝胶层析法复性(复性率为20%)和肝素亲和层析纯化后得到纯度95%以上的目的蛋白。通过电泳鉴定其纯度以及MTT法检测其生物学活性。结果:成功获得大小为660bp的人sFGFR1Ⅲc基因片段,转化菌诱导表达了24kDa的sFGFR1Ⅲc胞外段并通过MTT证实它对小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(NIH3T3)的增殖具有明显的抑制作用,其抑制FGF2引起的细胞增殖呈剂量依赖性,其中作用最为明显的是80ng/ml。结论:成功获得了高纯度的sFGFR1Ⅲc胞外段,该胞外段具备较好的生物学活性,为下一步的研究工作奠定了良好的物质基础。     

On-column refolding purification and characterization of recombinant human interferon-lambda1 produced in Escherichia coli

Interferon-lambda1 (IFN-lambda1) is a member of the recently discovered type III IFNs (IFN-lambda), which possesses antiviral, antitumor, and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, the recombinant human IFN-lambda1 containing a hexahistidine tag was expressed in Escherichia coli. IFN-lambda1 was overexpressed under the control of T7 promoter and most of the protein existed in the form of inclusion bodies. The expressed insoluble protein was solubilized with urea, purified and refolded by one-step immobilized metal-ion affinity chromatography using Ni(2+)-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose. The purified IFN-lambda1 appeared as a single band on SDS-PAGE and the purity was more than 95%. The yield was 86 mg IFN-lambda1 from 1L of bacterial culture. Western blotting and N-terminal sequencing confirmed the identity of the purified protein. The purified IFN-lambda1 exhibited specific antiviral activity as demonstrated by a cytopathic effect reduction assay. Thus, this on-column refolding method provides an efficient way to obtain an active IFN-lambda1 with high yield and high purity.